The skin is rich in nerve terminals, among which autonomic nerves closely interact with keratinocytes and immune cells. The autonomic nerves are critical to skin physiological function. Patients with atopic dermatitis exhibit reduced autonomic innervation, accompanied by autonomic nerve dysfunction such as sweating disorder. Restoration of autonomic neurological function can ameliorate atopic dermatitis. This review summarizes the structure and physiological function of skin autonomic nerves, autonomic neurological abnormalities in atopic dermatitis, and possible therapeutic strategies.