Objective To explore the influence of attachment anxiety on subjective well-being of warship officers and soldiers,and reveal the mediating roles of self-esteem and negative emotions between them. Methods A total of 288 warship officers and soldiers were enrolled by convenience sampling method. Adult attachment scale,self-esteem scale,generalized anxiety disorder-7 items scale,patient health questionnaire-9 and Memorial University of Newfoundland scale of happiness were used for questionnaire survey. Pearson correlation analysis,multiple linear regression analysis and structural equation modeling were used to analyze the relationships between attachment anxiety,self-esteem,negative emotions and subjective well-being. Results Correlation analysis showed that attachment anxiety,self-esteem,anxiety,depression and subjective well-being were significantly correlated (all P<0.01). Multiple regression analysis showed that attachment anxiety,self-esteem,depression and anxiety could jointly predict 42.4％ of subjective well-being. The analysis of chain mediating effect (x2/df=0.170,P=0.844,good fit index[GFI]=0.999,adjusted GFI=0.996,normative fit index[FI]=0.999,relative FI=0.997,comparative FI=1.000,root mean square error of approximation=0.000) showed that self-esteem and negative emotions played complete chain mediating roles between attachment anxiety and subjective well-being. Conclusion Attachment anxiety of warship officers and soldiers can affect their subjective well-being not only through the mediation of self-esteem and negative emotions,but also through the complete chain mediation of self-esteem and negative emotions.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy， safety and economy of inclisiran in the treatment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease with hypercholesterolemia. METHODS A rapid health technology assessment （HTA） approach was employed. HTA reports， systematic reviews（SR）/meta-analyses， and pharmacoeconomic studies related to inclisiran were systematically identified through comprehensive searches of Chinese and English databases， including PubMed， Embase， the Cochrane Library， CNKI and Wanfang database， supplemented by HTA institutional repositories. The search timeframe spanned from database inception to April 2025. The results of the studies were descriptively analysed and summarized through literature screening， data extraction and literature quality assessment. RESULTS The final analysis included 22 studies， comprising one HTA report， 15 SR/meta-analyses， and 6 pharmacoeconomic evaluations. Regarding therapeutic efficacy， compared with control group， inclisiran could significantly reduce the levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol， proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9， total cholesterol， triacylglycerol， apolipoprotein B， and lipoprotein（a）， increase the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol， and reduce the risk of adverse cardiovascular events. In terms of safety， the inclisiran group showed no significant difference compared with the control group in the risk of total adverse events， serious adverse events， or non-serious adverse events； however， an increased incidence of injection site reactions was observed， most of which were mild. In terms of cost-effectiveness， there were discrepancies in research conclusions both domestically and internationally. More studies indicated that inclisiran did not demonstrate cost-effectiveness advantage and would require an appropriate price reduction to meet cost-effectiveness criteria. CONCLUSIONS Inclisiran demonstrates favorable efficacy and acceptable safety in treating atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease with hypercholesterolemia， though its economic profile requires improvement.

Objective: To investigate the correlation between mandibular condyle volume and external ear volume in M2a type of hemifacial microsomia. Methods: 19 patients with M2a type of hemifacial microsomia diagnosed by CT scan in the Shanghai Ninth People′s Hospital from August 2017 to December 2018 were included, and the head CT data were obtained. At the same time, 19 healthy people were recruited as volunteers and obtain CT data of their heads as control. The Mimics 15.0 software was used for 3D reconstruction of CT data, measure the volume of mandibular condyle and external ear. SPSS 25.0 software was used to analyze the correlation between mandibular volume and external ear volume, as well as the difference between bilateral mandibular condyle volume (healthy side mandibular condyle volume-affected side mandibular condyle volume) and bilateral external ear volume difference (healthy side external ear volume-affected side external ear volume), and the correlation was obtained by spearman correlation coefficient analysis. P<0.05 indicates that the difference was statistically significant. Results: The data of 19 cases of M2a type of hemifacial microsomia and 19 healthy volunteers were analyzed. The left and right volume of bilateral mandibular condyle in healthy volunteers was (1 309.23±420.63) mm^3, (1 325.93±425.60) mm³(P=0.904), the left and right volume of external ear was (7 854.18±2 005.77) mm³, (7 862.63±1 994.02) mm³(P=0.990), bilateral development was synchronous, there was no statistical difference. There was a significant positive correlation between mandibular condyle volume and external ear volume in healthy volunteers (P=0.004, rs=0.772). The volume of healthy and affected mandibular condyle in the patients with M2a type of hemifacial microsomia was (1 160.89±549.07) mm^3, (509.55±303.88) mm³ (P=0.006), and the volume of healthy and affected external ear was (7 418.19±2 434.93) mm³and (2 029.99±1 080.37) mm³ (P=0.007). The development is not synchronized in the mandibular condyle and external ear in M2a type of hemifacial microsomia, but the mandibular condyle volume is significantly positively correlated with the external ear volume(healthy side: P=0.008, rs=0.740; affected side: P=0.004, rs=0.709), and the affected part of the mandibular condyle and the external ear development (the volume difference between the mandibular condyle or the external ear volume) also has the same performance(P=0.006, rs=0.753). Conclusions There is a significant positive correlation between mandibular condyle volume and external ear volume in patients with M2a type of hemifacial microsomia.

ObjectiveTo explore the neuroprotective mechanism of Buyang Huanwutang （BYHW） on diabetic peripheral neuropathy （DPN） rats based on oxidative stress and investigate the dosage of Astragali Radix （AR）. MethodNinety SD rats were randomly divided into a normal group， a model group， an α-lipoic acid group （60 mg·kg^-1·d^-1）， and BYHW groups with high- （15 g·kg^-1·d^-1）， medium- （8.75 g·kg^-1·d^-1）， and low-dose （5.625 g·kg^-1·d^-1） AR groups. The diabetes model was induced in rats except for those in the normal group by the high-sugar/high-fat diet and intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin （STZ）. Drug intervention lasted for 12 weeks. The paw withdrawal threshold （PWT） and sensory nerve conduction velocity （SNCV） were detected after drug intervention. Gonad-stimulating hormone （GSH） and malondialdehyde （MDA） were determined. The mitochondrial morphology and structure in sensory neurons of L4-5 dorsal root ganglion （DRG） of rats were observed by electron microscopy. Respiratory chain complex Ⅰ， Ⅱ， Ⅲ， and Ⅳ activities and the mitochondrial membrane potential were detected. The main proteins in the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase （AMPK）/nuclear factor-related factor-2 （Nrf2） pathway， such as phosphorylated AMPK （p-AMPK）， phosphorylated Nrf2（p-Nrf2）， heme oxygenase-1 （HO-1）， and quinone NADH dehydrogenase 1 （NQO1）， were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. ResultCompared with the normal group， the model group showed increased fasting blood glucose （P<0.01）， decreased content of SNCV， PWT， and GSH （P<0.01）， elevated MDA content （P<0.01）， obvious mitochondrial damage with vacuolations， reduced activities of respiratory chain complex Ⅰ， Ⅱ， Ⅲ， and Ⅳ and mitochondrial membrane potential （P<0.01）， and declining p-AMPK， p-Nrf2， HO-1， and NQO1 （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the α-lipoic acid group and BYHW high-dose group showed increased SNCV， PWT， and GSH， decreased MDA （P<0.05， P<0.01）， alleviated mitochondrial structural damage， increased respiratory chain complex Ⅰ， Ⅱ， Ⅲ， and Ⅳ activities and mitochondrial membrane potential （P<0.01）， and elevated p-AMPK， p-Nrf2， HO-1， and NQO1 （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionBYHW regulates oxidative stress through the AMPK/Nrf2 pathway to treat DPN. The therapeutic effect of BYHW is related to the dosage of AR. The BYHW group with high-dose AR is superior to the BYHW groups with medium- and low-dose AR groups in inhibiting oxidative stress.

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of Buyang Huanwutang in treating diabetic peripheral neuropathy （DPN） by inhibiting pyroptosis through AMP-activated protein kinase （AMPK）/UNC-51-like kinase 1 （ULK1） mitophagy pathway. MethodSixty male SPF SD rats （6-7 weeks old） were used in animal experiments and numbered according to their body mass. They were then randomly divided into four groups by computer： normal group， model group， α-lipoic acid group（60 mg·kg^-1）， and Buyang Huanwutang group（15 g·kg^-1）， with 15 rats in each group. The diabetic model was established by injection of streptozocin （STZ）. After successful modeling， the α-lipoic acid group and the Buyang Huanwutang group were given corresponding drugs， and the normal group and the model group were given normal saline. Sensory nerve conduction velocity （SNCV） and paw withdrawal threshold （PWT） were measured at the end of administration for 12 weeks. Immunohistochemistry and Western blot were used to detect the expression of phosphorylated AMP activated protein kinase （p-AMPK）， phosphorylated UNC-51-like kinase 1 （p-ULK1）， protein involved in microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 （LC3）， selective autophagy receptors （p62/SQSTM1）， Beclin1， NOD receptor protein structure domain-related proteins 3 （NLRP3）， Caspase-1 （Caspase-1）， and interleukin-1 beta （IL-1β） in dorsal root ganglia （DRG）. Immunofluorescence was used to detect the expression of the N-terminal gasdermin D （N-GSDMD）. ResultCompared with those in the normal group， rats in the model group had increased fasting blood glucose （P<0.01） and significantly reduced SNCV， PWT （P<0.01）， LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ， Beclin1， p-AMPK/AMPK， and p-ULK1/ULK1 （P<0.01）. In addition， p62， NLRP3， N-GSDMD/GSDMD， IL-1β， and cleaved Caspase-1/Caspase-1 were significantly increased （P<0.01）. Compared with those in the model group， SNCV and PWT were increased （P<0.01） in each administration group， and LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ， Beclin1， p-AMPK/AMPK， and p-ULK1/ULK1 were significantly increased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. p62， N-GSDMD/GSDMD， cleaved Caspase-1/Caspase-1， NLRP3， and IL-1β decreased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the α-lipoic acid group， the Buyang Huanwutang group had significantly increased SNCV， PWT （P<0.05）， LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ， and p-ULK1/ULK1 （P<0.05） and significantly decreased NLRP3 and N-GSDMD/GSDMD （P<0.05）. ConclusionBuyang Huanwutang regulates mitophagy and inhibits pyroptosis through the AMPK/ULK1 pathway to prevent and treat DPN， and its therapeutic effect may be better than α-lipoic acid.

ObjectiveTo investigate the mechanism of Buyang Huanwutang in treating diabetic peripheral neuropathy （DPN） via mitochondrial transport. MethodDiabetes in SD rats was induced by a high-carbohydrate/high-fat diet and intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin （STZ）. The 45 diabetic rats were randomly assigned into a DPN group， an alpha-lipoic acid （60 mg·kg^-1·d^-1） group， and a Buyang Huanwutang （15 g·kg^-1·d^-1） group， with 15 rats in each group. Fifteen normal SD rats were fed with the standard diet and set as the control group. The rats were administrated with corresponding drugs by gavage for 12 weeks. The paw withdraw threshold （PWT） and motor nerve conduction velocity （MNCV） were measured at the end of medication， and the sciatic nerve and the bilateral dorsal root ganglia of L4-5 were collected. The injury model of NSC34 cells was established by treating with 50 mmol·L^-1 glucose and 250 μmol·L^-1 sodium palmitate. The NSC34 cells were then randomly assigned into a blank （10% blank serum） group， a DPN （10% blank serum） group， an apha-lipoic acid （10% apha-lipoic acid-containing serum） group， a Buyang Huanwutang （10% Buyang Huanwutang-containing serum） group， and a Buyang Huanwutang + Compound C （CC） （10% Buyang Huanwutang-containing serum + 10 μmol·L^-1 CC） group. The cell intervention lasted for 24 h. The immunofluorescence method， immunohistochemistry， and Western blot were employed to determine the expression levels of phosphorylated adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase （p-AMPK）， phosphorylated cAMP-response element binding protein （p-CREB）， kinesin family member 5A （KIF5A）， and dynein cytoplasmic 1 intermediate chain 2 （DYNC1I2）. ResultCompared with the control group， the DPN group of rats showed increased fasting blood glucose （P<0.01）， decreased MNCV and PWT （P<0.01）， down-regulated expression of KIF5A， p-AMPK/AMPK， and p-CREB/CREB （P<0.01）， and up-regulated expression of DYNC1I2 （P<0.01）. Compared with the DPN group， drug intervention groups showed increased MNCV and PWT （P<0.01）， up-regulated expression of KIF5A， p-AMPK/AMPK， and p-CREB/CREB （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and down-regulated expression of DYNC1I2 （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The Buyang Huanwutang group had higher levels of MNCV and KIF5A （P<0.05） and lower level of DYNC1I2 （P<0.01） than the apha-lipoic acid group. Compared with the blank group， the DPN group of NSC34 cells showed decreased levels of KIF5A， p-AMPK/AMPK， and p-CREB/CREB （P<0.01） and increased level of DYNC1I2 （P<0.01）. The apha-lipoic acid group and Buyang Huanwutang group had higher levels of KIF5A， p-AMPK/AMPK， and p-CREB/CREB （P<0.05， P<0.01） and lower level of DYNC1I2 （P<0.01） in NSC34 cells than the DPN group. Buyang Huanwutang group had higher KIF5A level （P<0.05） in NSC34 cells than the apha-lipoic acid group. Moreover， the Buyang Huanwutang + CC group had lower levels of KIF5A， DYNC1I2， p-AMPK/AMPK， and p-CREB/CREB （P<0.01） in NSC34 cells than the Buyang Huanwutang group. ConclusionBuyang Huanwutang may regulate mitochondrial anterograde transport via the AMPK/CREB pathway to prevent and treat DPN.