BACKGROUND; As the bridge vessel, radial artery is easy to occur spasm and injury of endometrium, and the abnormal proliferation of endometrium, re-vasospasm, etc. appear at early period postoperatively, which can affect the operative outcomes.OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of nitroglycenn (NTG), verapamil (VP), paraverine (PA), and the mixture of NTG and VP on relaxing spasm of radial artery in human being.DESIGN: A randomized controlled trial.SETTING: Department of Cardiosurgery, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command of Chinese PLA.PARTICIPANTS: Thirty patients who underwent coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) with autologous radial artery, were selected from the Department of Cardiosurgery, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command of Chinese PLA from September to November in 2006, including 18 males and 12 females, 48-74 years of age. Informed consents were obtained from all the patients or their relatives preoperatively.METHODS:① The samples of human radial artery in CABG were collected, and totally 95 vascular rings were used in this study. The rings were divided into five groups: NTG group, VP group, PA group, VP+NTG group and control group.There two parts of the experiment, vasospasm relaxation test and vasospasm prevention test. The vascular rings in the control group were only immersed in the Krebs- Ringer solution without any drug. ② Drugs: NTG was purchased from Solo Pak Laboratories (Franklin Park, IL), PA from Eli Lilly & Co., (Indianapolis, IN), VP and others from Sigma (St.Louis, MO). ③ Thirty vascular rings were used in the vasospasm relaxation test, and the method of bath chamber was applied. Deoxyepinephrine (terminal concentration of 1 ×10-3 mol/L) was added to stimulate the contraction and spasm of the vascular rings, then four vasodilatators were added, the concentrations of VP and NTG were 30 μmol/L, and that of PA was 0.1%. Relaxation rate=(resting tension after stimulation-initial resting tension)/initial resting tension× 100%. ④ The other 60 vascular rings were used in the vasospasm prevention test. Firstly, the rings were immersed in the four solutions of vasodilatators of corresponding concentrations and Krebs- Ringer solution respectively for 30 minutes. After pretreatment, the vascular rings were randomly divided intc normothermia group (n =30) and cryopreservation group (n =30). In the cryopreservation group, the vascular rings were put into the Krebs-Ringer buffer solution at 4 ℃, and kept in refrigerator at 4 ℃ for 24 hours. The spasms of radial artery were observed.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Changes of resting tension (degree of contraction and relaxation rate of dilatation) of vascular rings before and after administration.RESULTS: ① Effect on the dilatation of spastic radial artery: The radial artery was completely within 11 minutes in all the VP+NTG group, VP group, NTG group and PA group. But in the first 3 minutes, the dilating effects of VP+NTG and NTG were obviously better than the other two groups. The dilatation curves showed that the dilating ability in order was VP+NTG ＞ NTG ＞ VP ＞ PA. ② Effect of pretreatment of radial artery on antispasm: In the normothermia group, the contractility of the vascular ring produced by 1 ×10-3 mol/L deoxyepinephrine was close between the VP+NTG group and VP group [(0.47±0.06), (0.49±0.08) g, P ＞ 0.05], which were obviously different from those in the NTG group and PA group [(0.81±0.22), (0.87±0.26) g, P ＜ 0.05]. After cryopreservation for 24 hours, the contractility in the VP+NTG group was not obviously different from that in the VP group [(0.86±0.11), (0.90±0.13) g, P ＞ 0.05], and obviously lower than those in the NTG group, PA group and control group [(4.82±0.87), (5.00±0.53), (5.10±0.67) g, P ＜ 0.01], whereas those in the NTG group and PA group were close to that in the control group (P ＞ 0.05).CONCLUSION: The drugs can prevent and relax the spasm of radial artery to different extents, whereas considering from preventing spasm and the time-effect of treatment, the mixture of VP and NTG seems to be more proper as the preparation solution for the treatment of radial artery in CABG.

Objective: To investigate the expression of midkine (MK) gene in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and the clinical significance of MK thereof. Methods: The real-time PCR was used to assay MK gene expression in bone marrow of 15 normal children and 124 childhood ALL patients, including 73 patients in progression and 51 patients in complete remission. Three stratifications of progressing patients were established by prognostic factors such as white blood cell count, age, immunopherotype and response to the 7-day prednisolone prephase. Results: The significant statistic difference in MK gene expression was found between the progression group, the complete remission group and the normal group (P< 0.01). The MK gene expression was over-expressed in B-ALL than that in normal group. Furthermore, there was statistic difference between B-ALL and T-ALL (P< 0.01). But there was no difference in MK mRNA expression between the normal control and T-ALL. The assay in risk stratifications showed that the levels of MK gene were higher in standard risk group and mid-risk group than that in high risk group (P< 0.01 and P< 0.05, respectively). There was no significant difference between standard risk group and mid -risk group (P = 0.32). No correlations were found between MK level and age, gender or lactate dehydrogenase level in serum. The expression of MK was significantly lower in the group with higher white blood cells(WBC≥ 25×10~9/L) than that with lower WBC (WBC<25×l0~9/L) in peripheral blood (P< 0.05). Conclusion: The high level of MK was a favorable prognostic factor in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients.

AIM: To investigate the effect of telmisartan on intestinal flora and metabolite TMAO in atherosclerosis. METHODS: Seventeen ApoE

Objective:To investigate the preoperative ascending aorta diameter in patients with acute type A aortic dissection in the Chinese population, compares and analyze the differences in preoperative blood biomarkers, and evaluate the impact of the preoperative ascending aorta diameter in this part of patients on the short-term prognosis of patients.Methods:A collection of 641 patients with acute type A aortic dissection who were enrolled in the " Acute Aortic Syndrome High-Risk Early Warning and Intervention Study" project from January 2018 to January 2020 were collected. Divide the patients into two groups (group Ⅰ<55 mm, group Ⅱ≥55 mm) according to the preventive intervention value of ascending aorta diameter recommended by the guideline for studying preoperative ascending aorta diameter difference in blood biomarkers and the influence of ascending aorta diameter on the short-term prognosis of patients. All patients had CT scans to assess the diameter of the ascending aorta before operation.Results:In this study, all patients with acute type A aortic dissection had a mean preoperative ascending aorta diameter of (46.9±9.7)mm. The preoperative ascending aorta diameter of all patients was less than 55 mm, accounted for 84.1%. Male patients were more likely to have aortic dissection than females; most patients' age was less than 60 years old. The preoperative blood inflammatory index counts were higher in the ascending aorta diameter ≥55 mm group. However, the long-term prognosis of patients with different ascending aorta diameters before surgery was not apparent in this study. The preoperative survival rate and short-term survival rate of patients with ascending aorta diameter <55 mm were higher than those of other groups, but the difference was not statistically significant.Conclusion:In patients with acute type A aortic dissection, the diameter of the ascending aorta is usually less than 55 mm. Moreover, the blood inflammatory index counts are high in the preoperative ascending aorta diameter ≥55 mm group. Meanwhile, patients with smaller ascending aorta diameter have better survival rate and short-term prognosis.

Radiotherapy is the most common treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and the radiotherapy technique is essential for the prognosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Due to the complexity of the structure of the intensity-modulated device and the accuracy of the clinical requirements of radiotherapy, it is inevitable that higher requirements will be imposed on the process of intensity-modulated radiotherapy. Currently, gaps exist in the radiotherapy equipment and personnel qualification among radiotherapy units, and thus the homogenization in the radiotherapy remains to be strengthened in China. With the application of radiotherapy information management system, digital medicine and artificial intelligence technologies in the field of radiotherapy, the original process fails to meet the application needs of the new precise radiotherapy technology. Therefore, this process is designed based on the existing radiotherapy procedures for nasopharyngeal carcinoma in combination with the latest developments in the field of radiotherapy, aiming to establish a novel standard process recommendation, ensuring the standardization and homogenization of radiotherapy and achieve the individualized intensity-modulated radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients.

Jasmonic acid (JA), a plant endogenously synthesized lipid hormone, plays an important role in response to stress. This manuscript summarized the biosynthesis and metabolism of JA and its related regulatory mechanisms, as well as the signal transduction of JA. The mechanism and regulatory network of JA in plant response to biotic and abiotic stresses were systematically reviewed, with the latest advances highlighted. In addition, this review summarized the signal crosstalk between JA and other hormones in regulating plant resistance to various stresses. Finally, the problems to be solved in the study of plant stress resistance mediated by JA were discussed, and the application of new molecular biological technologies in regulating JA signaling to enhance crop resistance was prospected, with the aim to facilitate future research and application of plant stress resistance.
Signal Transduction ; Cyclopentanes ; Oxylipins ; Plant Growth Regulators

Objective    To evaluate the preoperative risk factors for acute Stanford type A aortic dissection (ASTAAD) patients in our country by collecting multi-center data. Methods    We consecutively enrolled 700 patients who underwent surgery for ASTAAD in the multi-center hospital database from January 2018 to January 2020. According to the ascending aorta size (AAS), the patients were divided into two groups: a group AAS≥55 mm and a group AAS< 55 mm. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to investigate the related preoperative risk factors for the onset of ASTAAD. Results    According to the exclusion criteria, a total of 621 patients were finally enrolled, including 453 males and 168 females with an average age of 48.24±11.51 years, and 509 (81.94%) patients had AAS< 55 mm. Univariate and multivariate statistical analyses showed that smoking, hypertension, preoperative cardiac troponin I, and left ventricular ejection fraction were related to the occurrence of ASTAAD. The mortality rate of the patient during hospitalization was 13.04% (81 patients). Conclusion    In clinical practice, various preoperative risk factors affect ASTAAD patients, which should be paid attention to. Comprehensive evaluation and an individualized analysis of patients and timely prevention and intervention improve patients' survival rate.