This article summarizes proposals of different international guidelines,clinical cases in clinical institutions at home and abroad and the latest research progress of tumor patients with implanted cardiac pacemaker.In addition,the various factors during the implementation of radiotherapy were analyzed.It is possible that reducing the risk grade and minimizing the unfavorable factors for pacemaker could be achieved by designing the scientific treatment plan and setting the reasonable radiotherapy plan.The radiotherapy plan can be established safely and effectively in malignant tumor patients with implanted pacemaker.

Objective To study the trend of antimicrobial resistance to cnical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli.Methods VITEK-32 automated analysis system was used for bacteria differentiation and drug resistance determination.Results TS From 2005 to 2008,the prevalence of ESBLs in isolates of K.pneumoniae and E.coil were increasing,their were 36.6% ,40.6% ,41.5% ,41.0% each year separately.The ESBLs-producing bacteria,multiple-drug-resistant to the third generation cephalesporin,aminoglycosides,quinolones and sulfonamides were also increased.Conclusion There is an increasing trend of ESBLs produces and resistences in K.pneumoniae and E.coli,It is important for clinical physicians to understand the distribution and the resistance characteristics of ESBLs producing K.pneumoniae and E.coli were to antibiotics,and to control the ESBLs spread.

In order to illustrate the effects of furfural, one of the most common inhibitory compounds in lignocellulosic hydrolysate, on oleaginous yeast Rhodotorula glutinis, we investigated the effects of different concentrations of furfural (0.1, 0.4, 0.6 and 1.5 g/L) on the biomass and lipid production of R. glutinis, as well as the effects of 1.0 g/L furfural on the utilization of glucose and xylose. Results showed that: when the furfural concentration reached 1.5 g/L, the lag phrase time was extended to 96 h, and the residual glucose was up to 17.7 g/L, with maximum biomass of only 6.6 g/L, which accounted for 47% of that in the basic medium (furfural-free), and the corresponding lipid content was reduced about 50%. Furfural showed lighter inhibitory degree on R. glutinis when xylose acted as the carbon source than glucose was the carbon source; more C18 fatty acids or unsaturated C18 fatty acids were generated in the presence of furfural.
Biomass ; Carbon ; Culture Media ; Fatty Acids ; biosynthesis ; Furaldehyde ; chemistry ; Glucose ; Industrial Microbiology ; Rhodotorula ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Xylose

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of ipratropium bromide on bronchial spasm of patients with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods 174 patients with asthma and COPD were selected and divided into two groups, 87 cases in the control group treated with budesonide and formoterol fumarate powder for inhalation , 87 cases in the experimental group received ipratropium bromide on the basis of the control group, pulmonary ventilation function, airway resistance and cytokine levels in induced sputum, the clinical effect and incidence of adverse reactions were compared after the treatment.Results The effective rate in the control group(81.61%)was lower than the experimental group (93.11%), with significant difference (P<0.05); compared with the control group, levels of peak expiratory flow (PEF), maximum midexpiratory flow (MMEF), forced expiratory volume in one second to forced vital capacity ratio (FEV1%), forced vital capacity (FVC) were higher in the experimental group after treatment, levels of airway resistance (Raw), Raw% were lower, level of specific airway conductance (Gsp) was higher after treatment, induced sputum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), intercellular adhesion molecular-1 (ICAM-1), interleukin-13 (IL-13), IL-17 were lower after treatment, with significant difference (P<0.05);there was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups.Conclusion The clinical effect of ipratropium bromide in the treatment of asthma and COPD was exactly , ipratropium bromide can significantly improve the pulmonary ventilation function in patients, relieve bronchial spasm, reduce airway resistance, inhibit airway inflammation, and the safety is higher.

Objective To discuss spinal fusion effect of lumbar intertransverse process in rabbits by using bone marrow stromal stem cells(MSCs)in conjunction with bone morphogenetic protein(BMP)and freeze-dried demineralized bone matrix(FDBM)as scaffold.Methods To separate and cultivate MSCs in vitro,with FDBM as scaffold,osteogenesis was induced by BMP.Sixty Japan white rabbits were randomly divided into three groups.Group A was MSCs+FDBM+BMP,group B was FDBM,group C was autogenous ilium cancellous bone(AIB).Lumbar intertransverse process was fused in lumbar five to six.Rabbits were killed at 8 weeks after operation.The general observation and imageology were used to assess the fusion condition.To estimate the implantation using DR image.Gray scale analysis of DR image caculated the osteogenic density and acreage.The CT scan and three-dimensional reconstruction was used to observe the fusion configuration of lumbar intertransverse process.Results The fusion mass character in group A and C was hard,the morphology was not regulation.The fusion mass was almost absorbed in group B beside little tissue approach transverse process.There were high density image between intertransverse processes,osteogenic density were nonuniform in group A and C.There were nonunion in group B.Consistent callus were existed between intertransverse process in group A and C.There were not consistent callus in group B.Group A was similar to group C in osteogenesis density and acreage.Group B was the worst.There were cartilage and newly born bone trabecular formation in group A and group C.Between transverse process were mainly fiber tissue in group B.Conclusion MSCs in conjunction with BMP and FDBM has the similar osteogenic capability to the AIB and better osteogenic capability than that of FDBM alone when spinal fusion of lumbar intertransverse process is performed in rabbits.

Objective To investigate the synergetic effect of combined astaxanthin ( AST) and lith-ium chloride ( LiCl) treatment on cognitive dysfunction of chronic omethoate poisoned mice. Methods 8 mice were selected randomly as control group from 55 healthy adult male Kunming mice,and the rest were used to establish chronic organophosphate poisoning cognitive impairment models by injecting omethoate 5 mg/kg subcutaneously every day for 4 weeks. Totally 40 successfully established models were randomly divid-ed into model group,AST group,edaravone group,LiCl group and AST+LiCl group with 8 in each. Morris wa-ter maze test was used to examine the learning and memory ability of mice. Contents of reactive oxygen spe-cies (ROS) in hippocampus were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Activity of superoxide dismutase ( SOD) in hippocampus was measured by colorimetric assay. Morphology of hippocam-pus area was observed by HE staining. The distribution and expression of p-PI3K,p-Akt,p-GSK3β and p-CREB were determined by immunohistochemical staining ( IHC staining) and Western blot. Results The average escape latency of 5 days in each group was statistically significant (F=1662.147, P<0.05) . The av-erage escape latency of 5 days in AST+LiCl group was significantly lower than that in model group ( all P<0.05) and was lower than other treatment groups. Compared with the control group (0.087±0.007,0.084± 0.009,0.097±0.002,0.076±0.012),the hippocampal neuronal injury in model group was serious,the expres-sions of p-PI3K (0.032±0.008),p-Akt (0.03±0.006),p-GSK3β (0.028±0.007) and p-CREB (0.020± 0.008) was significantly lower ( all P<0.05) . The injuries of hippocampal neurons in AST+LiCl group were slightly lighter than that in model group,and the expression of p-PI3K (0.067±0.008),p-Akt (0.065± 0.005),p-GSK3β (0.068±0.009) and p-CREB (0.062±0.008) in hippocampus was significantly higher than that in model group ( all P<0.05) . Conclusion Combined AST and LiCL treatment exerts neuroprotec-tive effect on cognitive dysfunction induced by chronic organophosphate poisoning via up-regulating the ex-pression of Akt/GSK3β/CREB.

CYP2D6 genetic polymorphism results in individual difference of therapeutic effect and adverse reaction of related drugs this article made an overview for that.

10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.24.004

Objective To explore clinical effect of small dose of glucocorticoid in the treatment of AECOPD patients with severe disease associated with low levels of cortisol.Methods72 patients with AECOPD in our hospital were randomly divided into control group and treatment group.The control group was treated with conventional AECOPD method,the treatment group was treated on the base of the treatment group with a small dose of corticosteroids,CRP, IL-6, TNF-α, FEV1, PCT and other indicators, as well as patients with ventilation, shock and mortality were compared after the end of treatment.ResultsThe time of non mechanical ventilation, the time of non-mechanical ventilation, and the time of non-shock were increased, the shock and the mortality was lower in the treatment group,(P<0.05);The CRP level of patients in the treatment group was lower(P<0.05);IL-6, TNF-α, PCT levels of patients in the treatment group was lower (P<0.05);FEV1, FVC and FEV1/FVC level in the treatment group were higher(P<0.05).ConclusionSmall dose glucocorticoid can improve the pulmonary function of patients with AECOPD complicated by severe disease, and alleviate the disease, significantly reduce the levels of inflammatory factors, promote the improvement of the lung function.

Eighty patients(American Society of AnesthesiologistsⅠ-Ⅱ)scheduled for elective unilateral inguinal hernia surgery with spinal anesthesia between January and June 2016 were randomized into two groups with 40 in each group.Patients were intravenously injected with normal saline (5 ml) in control group or hydromorphone 5 μg/kg (diluted to 5 ml) in intervention group after spinal anesthesia.Tympanic temperature and the incidence of shrivering were measured before and after spinal anesthesia at predetermined intervals.Side effects during surgery and the first 48 h after surgery were recorded.Rescue drug tramadol 0.5 mg/kg was given intravenously to patients with grade ≥2 shivering for more than 5 min duration.Tympanic temperature decreased significantly compared to the baseline from 20 min in control group and from 10 min in intervention group after spinal blocking(P<0.05),while there were no significant differences in tympanic temperature at the same time points between two groups(P>0.05).The incidence of shivering was significantly lower in intervention group [17.5%(7/40)] than that in control group [47.5%(19/40),χ2=8.205,P=0.004].The incidence of nausea and vomiting was 5.0%(2/40)in intervention group and 0.0% (0/40) in control group (χ2=2.051,P=0.494).The incidence of sedation was not significantly different between control group [0.0%(0/40)] and intervention group[10.0%(4/10),χ2=4.211,P=0.116].The use of rescue tramadol was more frequently in control group [32.5%(13/40)] than that in intervention group [7.5%(3/40),χ2=7.812,P=0.01].The results indicate that intravenous hydromorphone can significantly attenuate the incidence of shivering after spinal anesthesia for inguinal herniorrhaphy repair surgery with minimum side effects.