Objective To improve the image quality of the electrical impedance tomography (EIT) by introducing the prior information into the regularization matrix.Methods The linear combination of the conductivity was established by background conductivity of dynamic variation,the covariance matrix was used here to remove the correlation between the background conductivity,and this prior information was introduced to construct the regularization matrix.Resnlts Compared with the traditional regularization matrix,the one involving in the prior information on the dynamic background gained more stable and better images.Conclusion Trials prove the efficacy of the regularization matrix on EIT imaging in 1 respiratory cycles (or heart beat),and following related researches may find theoretical references and support for feasibility.

Objective To explore the relationships among post traumatic stress disorder(PTSD),gratitude and posttraumatic growth (PTG) for terminal cancer patients.Methods Totally 119 advanced cancer patients were investigated with the self-demographic questionnaire,posttraumatic growth inventory (PTGI),the PTSD cheeklist-civilian version (PCL-C) and the Gratitude Questionnaire-6 (GQ-6).Results For terminal cancer patients,the total score of PCL-C was 34.02±12.49.The scores on re-experience,avoidance/numbness,hypervigilance were 9.79±3.78,13.85±5.68,10.36±3.80.The total score of gratitude was 29.37±7.48.The total score of PTG was 51.34± 13.57.The scores of life appreciation,personal relationship and self-strength were 8.00± 2.99,21.18± 5.84,22.16± 6.10.The total scores of PTG were significantly statistical significance among different PTSD groups(F=16.267,P＜0.01)and gratitude groups(F=43.674,P＜0.0 1).The total scores of PCL-C (r=-0.694,P＜0.01),re-experience (r=-0.664,P＜0.01),avoidance/numbness (r=-0.671,P＜0.01),hypervigilance (r=0.753,P＜0.01) and gratitude(r=-0.611,P＜0.01) were all correlated with PTG.The total score of PCL-C and gratitude could explain 66.6％ variation of PTG.For the relationship between PTSD and PTG,the moderation effect of gratitude was not significant (P ＞0.05).Conclusion The gratitude and PTSD were important influence factors for terminal cancer patients' PTG,while the moderation effect of gratitude was not significant,so in clinical intervention we should pay more attentions to the actual effects of gratitude,and we should not pursuit gratitude education blindly.

Objective: To investigate the hot spots and epidemiologic characteristics of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) in Jinan municipality from 2009 to 2016. Methods: Disease reports of HFMD in Jinan from 2009-2016 were collected and analyzed with ArcGis 10.2 to show the hot spot in different villages and towns, as well as clustering analysis and descriptive epidemiology to show epidemiologic characteristics. Results: A total of 89 486 HFMD cases were reported and the reported annual incidence rate was 160.94/100000 during the 7-year period, which increased year by year, and within the whole city, each county was at a higher epidemic level; the curve of incidence is unimodal and the incidence peak occurred mostly between May and August, especially in June; 115 severe cases were reported and the ratio was 0.13%. Of the reported cases, 81.51% were between 1 to 4 years old; 60.36 % were children living scattered. The hot spots were like a circle surrounding the core areas, showing a tendency of increase; the proportion of EV71, CVA16 and other enteroviruses were 33.67%、37.22%and 29.09%, respectively, and they appeared in turn, but severe cases were mostly affected by EV71. Conclusions The HFMD in Jinan is in a highly prevalent level, with low ratio of severe cases. Seasonal(high in summer) and unimodal; more common among children between 1 to 4 years old, living scatted and in urban and rural linking areas, with the tendency of increasing of hot spots; prevalent pathogens appear in turn.

Breast cancer is one of the major cancers affecting women globally. Although the five-year survival rate is very high, it is one of the most common causes of cancer-related deaths. Surgery, systemic therapy, and radiotherapy are the three pillars of radical treatment of breast cancer. However, for breast cancer patients who have undergone initial radiotherapy, many experience relapse or develop secondary cancers in the previously treated areas. These patients need to be treated again, and re-irradiation and hyperthermia are important treatment methods for recurrent breast cancer. Radiotherapy can be combined with local hyperthermia to make tumor cells sensitive to radiation, thereby reducing the required radiation dose. The combination of mild local hyperthermia and re-irradiation with reduced total dose is a treatment option for breast cancer patients who have previously received radiation. The combination of re-irradiation and hyperthermia is currently a hotspot of comprehensive tumor treatment. This article summarizes the research progress on the sequence of recurrent breast cancer and the optimal temperature of hyperthermia in treatment with re-irradiation and hyperthermia. Specifically, this article reviews the definition and type of re-irradiation and hyperthermia, the common radiotherapy methods for various types of recurrent breast cancer, and the effect of radiotherapy, hyperthermia, or their combination on the immune phenotype of tumor cells and its mechanism. Our results provide a scientific basis for the evaluation of the optimal efficacy of re-irradiation combined with hyperthermia in treating recurrent breast cancer.

Breast cancer is one of the major cancers affecting women globally. Although the five-year survival rate is very high, it is one of the most common causes of cancer-related deaths. Surgery, systemic therapy, and radiotherapy are the three pillars of radical treatment of breast cancer. However, for breast cancer patients who have undergone initial radiotherapy, many experience relapse or develop secondary cancers in the previously treated areas. These patients need to be treated again, and re-irradiation and hyperthermia are important treatment methods for recurrent breast cancer. Radiotherapy can be combined with local hyperthermia to make tumor cells sensitive to radiation, thereby reducing the required radiation dose. The combination of mild local hyperthermia and re-irradiation with reduced total dose is a treatment option for breast cancer patients who have previously received radiation. The combination of re-irradiation and hyperthermia is currently a hotspot of comprehensive tumor treatment. This article summarizes the research progress on the sequence of recurrent breast cancer and the optimal temperature of hyperthermia in treatment with re-irradiation and hyperthermia. Specifically, this article reviews the definition and type of re-irradiation and hyperthermia, the common radiotherapy methods for various types of recurrent breast cancer, and the effect of radiotherapy, hyperthermia, or their combination on the immune phenotype of tumor cells and its mechanism. Our results provide a scientific basis for the evaluation of the optimal efficacy of re-irradiation combined with hyperthermia in treating recurrent breast cancer.

Objective:To analyzed the characteristics of the cognitive domains of the montreal cognitive assessment(MOCA)scale in cognitively impaired or normal elderly people from the perspective of structural equation modeling(SEM).Methods:There were 335 old individuals in this study, including 166 cognitively normal individuals, 130 patients with mild cognitive impairment(MCI)and 39 individuals with dementia.The average age of the individuals was 81.5±9.0.Data on the Montreal cognitive assessment(MoCA, Beijing version)were gathered.Following exploratory factor analysis and selection of latent and manifest variables, a structural equation model was established.After assessment of data from the domains of the scale in the elderly, participants were divided into a normal group and a patient group, which formed the basis of the model.Results:The KMO value of the data calculated by exploratory factor analysis was 0.762.The dimensions measured by the scale were divided into four main latent variables: memory, visuospatial execution, language ability and attention.The CMIN value of the overall model was 44.039 and the P value was 0.168.The parameters of the overall model and individual dimensions all indicated a good fit.The model showed that visuospatial execution had the largest impact on cognitive function, with a path coefficient of 0.742, and language ability had the least impact, with a path coefficient of only 0.091.As a latent variable, attention had path coefficients of 0.372 and 0.236 for memory, 1.663 and 1.102 for visuospatial execution, and 1.090 and 0.798 for language ability, respectively, for the two groups, with clear statistically significant differences between the groups(all P<0.05). Conclusions:SEM can improve researchers' overall understanding of the impacts of the individual components of the scale and their use and interpretation of the scale.

Sialidosis is a rare lysosomal storage disease caused by NEU1 gene mutation at 6p21.33. It is characterized by myoclonic, ataxia, epilepsy, and decreased vision. A pair of twins with sialidosis type 1 are reported to enrich clinicians ′ understanding of the disease, so as to improve the diagnosis and treatment. The proband was a 16-year-old male. The main symptom was intermittent limb involuntary trembling for 2 years, with paroxysmal loss of consciousness. Fundus examination showed cherry-red spots. His twin brother had similar symptoms, but the overall performance was mild. Whole exome sequencing results showed that both patients carried compound heterozygous mutations of c.239C>T (p.P80L) and c.803A>G (p.Y268C) in NEU1 gene, which were from their normal phenotype mother and father.

Objective:To analyze the research hotspots and trends in the field of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for cervical cancer at home and abroad in recent 30 years through visualization method.Methods:By setting "cervical cancer" and "TCM" as the research subjects, the articles were retrieved from CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, SinoMed, PubMed, and Web of Science Core database (WoS) from January 1, 1992 to January 1, 2022. Citespace 5.8 R3 software was used to conduct visual analysis on the authors, institutions and keywords included in the articles.Results:A total of 1 123 Chinese articles and 573 English articles were included. The number of articles issued showed a gradual upward trend; the author with the largest number of Chinese publications was Jin Zhe, and the author with the largest number of English publications was Chen Guo. The institution with the largest number of Chinese publications was Beijing University of Chinese Medicine; the institution with the largest number of English publications was Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. Keywords co-occurrence of the top 3 Chinese keywords in the network frequency (excluding the search words) were "cervical erosion", "urinary retention" and "Yunnan Baiyao"; English keywords were "HeLa cell", "bibliometric", and "information monitoring system". Chinese keywords formed 11 clusters and 25 emergent words; English keywords formed 9 clusters and 17 emergent words.Conclusions:The research content in the field of TCM of cervical cancer about knowledge map in the past 30 years at home and abroad is rich. TCM can play the role of antagonizing human papillomavirus, enhancing immune function, regulating TCM constitution, improving quality of life and so on. At present, the research hotspot is the mechanism exploration of cervical cancer and the curative effect research of clinical complications, and the research trend is clinical curative effect research.

OBJECTIVE To establish and validate a rat liver micronucleus test(LMNT)method based on fixation of liver tissue with 4%neutral formaldehyde(HCHO fixation)for preparation of hepa-tocytes(HEPs).METHODS ①The LMNT based on neutral HCHO fixation(HCHO fixation-LMNT)was established using the liver micronucleus positive compound N-nitrosodiethylamine(DEN).SD rats were divided into female and male groups,and each group was randomly subdivided into the vehicle control group and DEN 12.5 mg·kg-1 group,with five rats in each.The rats were ig administered with normal saline and DEN once a day for 14 consecutive days,after which liver tissues were collected.Some of the tissue was digested with collagenase to prepare HEP suspension,and the remaining tissue was used to prepare HEP suspension with HCHO fixation.After staining with SYBR Gold,the number of micronucleated hepatocytes(MN-HEP)and the number of HEPs in the mitotic phase were counted under a microscope.The micronucleus rate of HEP(MN-HEP rate)and the mitotic index were calculated,and an MN-HEP rate>0.07%was considered positive.②Male SD rats were divided into the quinoline(30,60,120 mg·kg-1)group,N-nitrosoopyrrolidine(NPYR,25,50,100 mg·kg-1)group,vehicle control group(deionized water for NPYR,and corn oil for quinoline),and positive control DEN(12.5 mg·kg-1)group,with 5-6 rats per group,and were ig administrated for 15 consecutive days.Body mass was recorded daily,and at the end of the experiment,the liver was removed to record the total liver weight,and calculate the liver coefficient.Liver function-related serum biochemical indicators including glutamic-pyruvic transaminase(GPT),glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase(GOT)activities,and levels of total bili-rubin(T-BIL)were measured and direct bilirubin(D-BIL)using an automatic biochemical analyzer.The MN-HEP rate was determined using the collagenase digestion and HCHO fixation methods,and the peripheral blood MN assay and hepatocellular carcinoma comet assay were conducted to evaluate the genotoxicity of quinoline and NPYR.RESULTS ① Compared with the corresponding vehicle control groups(0.069%and 0.030%),the MN-HEP rate of male rats treated with DEN by formalin-LMNT was 1.10%,and the MN-HEP rate of female ones was 0.82%,both significantly increased(P<0.05).Com-pared with corresponding vehicle control groups(0.060%and 0.030%),the MN-HEP rate of male rats treated with DEN by collagenase digestion-LMNT was 1.45%,and that of female rats was 0.46%,both significantly increased(P<0.05),which were considered positive.The MN-HEP rate of male rats was significantly higher than that of females with both methods(P<0.05).There was no significant differ-ence in mitotic indexes between the DEN groups by collagenase digestion-LMNT and HCHO fixation-LMNT in male and female rats compared to corresponding vehicle control groups.② Compared to the vehicle control group,the body mass of rats in the NPYR 50 and 100 mg·kg-1 groups was significantly reduced 7 to 14 days into the ig administration(P<0.01),and the DEN group showed a significant reduction at days 8 to 14(P<0.01).The body mass of rats in the quinoline 120 mg·kg-1 group was signifi-cantly reduced 4 to 14 days into the ig administration(P<0.01),and the DEN group showed a signifi-cant reduction at days 10 to 14(P<0.05).Compared to the vehicle control group,both the liver weight and liver coefficient were significantly reduced in the NPYR 100 mg·kg-1 group(P<0.01)and the DEN group(P<0.05).The liver weight(P<0.01)and liver coefficient(P<0.05)were significantly increased in the quinoline 60 and 120 mg·kg-1 groups.Compared to the vehicle control group,the serum T-BIL level was significantly increased in the DEN group(P<0.01),and the activities of GPT and GOT,as well as the levels of D-BIL and T-BIL,were significantly increased in the NPYR 100 mg·kg-1 group(P<0.01).There were no significant changes in the NPYR 25,50 mg·kg-1 groups or any of the dose groups of quinoline.The MN-HEP rate by HCHO fixation-LMNT for NPYR was slightly higher than that by collage-nase digestion-LMNT,both considered positive.Compared with corresponding control group,the MN-HEP rate by formalin-LMNT for NPYR and the MN-HEP rate by collagenase digestion for NPYR were both significantly increased(P<0.05).The MN-HEP rate by HCHO fixation-LMNT for quinoline was comparable to that by collagenase digestion-LMNT,both considered positive.Compared with corresponding vehicle control group,the MN-HEP rate by HCHO fixation-LMNT for quinoline and the MN-HEP rate by collagenase digestion-LMNT for quinoline were both significantly increased(P<0.05).The correlation between the MN-HEP rates based on HCHO fixation and collagenase digestion for NPYR and quinoline was good(R2=0.8614 and 0.9279,respectively).In the NPYR groups,the periph-eral blood micronucleus assay were negative,while the comet assay results were positive.In the quino-line group,both the peripheral blood micronucleus assay and the comet assay results were negative.CON-CLUSION The HCHO fixation-LMNT has been established and validated,and the sensitivity of the LMNT method based on HCHO fixation-LMNT for detection of hepatocarcinogens is higher than that of collagenase digestion-LMNT.

Objective:To evaluate the predictive value of stress+ rest gated myocardial perfusion imaging (G-MPI) in assessing all-cause mortality risk in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH).Methods:From June 2010 to March 2022, 72 patients (39 males, 33 females; age (21.1±12.3) years) who diagnosed with FH clinically and genetically and underwent stress+ rest G-MPI in Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University were retrospectively followed up. Image analysis was performed using the 17-segment 5-point method to obtain left ventricular myocardial perfusion and functional parameters. Patients were followed for all-cause mortality events, and predictors associated with the risk of all-cause mortality were analyzed using Cox regression. The efficiencies of predictors were evaluated by ROC curve analysis, and the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were used to compare the differences in the incidence of all-cause mortality in different groups of patients with FH. Independent-sample t test or Mann-Whitney U test was used to analyze the data. Results:The follow-up time of 72 patients was 7(4, 10) years, and all-cause death occurred in 16(22.2%) patients during the follow-up period. There were statistically significant differences in total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC), summed stress score (SSS), summed rest score (SRS), summed difference score (SDS), stress end-systolic volume (SESV), stress ejection fraction (SEF), rest end-diastolic volume (REDV), rest end-systolic volume (RESV) and rest ejection fraction (REF) between the death group and the survival group ( t values: from -2.65 to 4.47, z values: from -3.43 to -1.98, all P<0.05). Cox regression analysis showed that SDS (hazard ratio ( HR)=1.337, 95% CI: 1.114-1.604, P=0.002), SESV ( HR=1.019, 95% CI: 1.008-1.030, P<0.001) and LDLC ( HR=1.355, 95% CI: 1.049-1.749, P=0.020) were independent predictors associated with the risk of all-cause mortality in patients with FH. The optimal cut-off value of SESV for predicting mortality in patients with FH determined by ROC curve analysis was 35.5 ml, with the AUC of 0.701 (95% CI: 0.517-0.885). The incidence of all-cause mortality in the group with SESV≥35.5 ml was significantly higher than that in the group with SESV<35.5 ml (28.6% vs 6.9%; χ2=5.15, P=0.023). Conclusion:Stress+ rest G-MPI is an important imaging method for all-cause mortality risk assessment in patients with FH, and SDS, SESV and LDLC are important factors in predicting mortality in patients with FH.