Objective To determine the frequency of T helper type 22 (Th22) cells and expression level of interleukin-22 (IL-22) in peripheral blood of patients with psoriasis vulgaris,and to investigate their relationship with disease severity and clinical course.Methods Peripheral blood samples were obtained from 40 patients with psoriasis vulgaris and 30 healthy human controls.Five-color flow cytometry was performed to determine the percentage of Th22 cells in peripheral blood,and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to measure the expression of serum IL-22.Statistical analysis was carried out by t test and Pearson correlation analysis.Results Both the percentage of Th22 cells and serum level of IL-22 in peripheral blood were significantly higher in patients with psoriasis vulgaris than in healthy human controls (Th22 cells:0.65％ ± 0.48％ vs.0.33％ ± 0.15％,t =3.89,P ＜ 0.01; IL-22:(67.96 ± 14.32) vs.(40.59 ± 9.91) ng/L,t =9.45,P ＜ 0.01).Further more,Th22 cell percentage and IL-22 serum level in peripheral blood were both positively correlated with psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) in these patients (r =0.38,0.94,P ＜ 0.05 and 0.01,respectively),but neither of them correlated with clinical course of psoriasis vulgaris (r =0.20,0.10,respectively,both P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The percentage of Th22 cells and level of IL-22 are increased in peripheral blood of patients with psoriasis vulgaris,and both of them are correlated with disease severity.

AIM To study the effects of No.1 Weiyan Decoction (Codonopsis Radix,Paeoniae Radix alba,Taraxaci Herba,etc.) on hypoxia and hypoxic tolerance in gastric mucosal epithelial cells in rats with precancerous lesion of gastric cancer (PLGC).METHODS Forty rats were randomly divided into normal,model,Vitacoenzyme Tablets and No.1 Weiyan Decoction groups.Except for the normal group,the rats in the other groups were given with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine and Little Chengqi Decoction to establish a PLGC rat model.Ten weeks after the administration,the gastric mucosal epithelial microvascular ultrastructure was observed,the expressions of Hif1a mRNA,HIF-1 α protein and VEGF protein in gastric mucosal epithelium were detected.RESULTS Compared with the normal group,the number of microvasculatures in gastric mucosal epithelium was decreased;lumen was severely stenosed or expansive;inner wall was not smooth and had adhesion;vascular endothelial cells were swollen;the expression of Hif1α mRNA showed an increasing trend;the expressions of HIF-1α protein and VEGF protein were anomalous in the model group.Compared with the model group,the gastric mucosal vascular lesion of PLGC rats was improved,and the expressions of Hif1a mRNA,HIF-1α protein and VEGF protein were significantly decreased in the No.1 Weiyan Decoction group.CONCLUSION No.1 Weiyan Decoction can improve hypoxia and hypoxia tolerance,and induce angiogenesis in gastric mucosal epithelium in PLGC rats.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of electrical stimulation at acupoints in the distribution area of auricular vagus nerve combined with sound masking on auditory brainstem response (ABR) and contents of neurotransmitters of γ-aminobutyric acid (γ-GABA), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and acetyl choline (Ach) in inferior colliculus of tinnitus rats.

METHODSTwenty-four male adult SD rats were randomized into a control group, a model group, a 7-d treatment group and a 15-d treatment group. Except the control group, rats in the remaining groups were treated with intraperitoneal injection of 10% salicylate sodium at a dose of 350 mg/kg to establish tinnitus model. Rats in the control group were treated with injection of 0.9% NaCl. Rats in the 7-d treatment group and 15-d treatment group were treated with electrical stimulation at "Shenmen (TF₄)" and "Yidan (CO₁₁)" in the distribution area of auricular vagus nerve combined with sound masking, once a day, for 7 days and 15 days. The SigGenRP software of TDT system was applied to provide voice for single ear and collect the signal, and the voice threshold of ABR was tested. The levels of γ-GABA, 5-HT and Ach in inferior colliculus of rats were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and compared.

RESULTSCompared with the model group, the threshold values of ABR in 12 kHz and 16 kHz voice stimulation in the 7-d treatment group were significantly lower all P < 0.05); the threshold values of ABR from 4 kHz to 28 kHz voice stimulation in the 15-d treatment group were signally reduced (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), which was more significant than those in the 7-d treatment group. The level of γ-GABA in the model group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05), and that in the 15-d treatment group was apparently higher than that in the model group (P < 0.05). The level of 5-HT in the model group was markedly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05), and that in the 7-d treatment group was lower than that in the model group (P < 0.05), while that in the 15-d treatment group was apparently higher than that in the model group (P < 0.05). The level of Ach in the model group was obviously; lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05), and that in the 7-d treatment group was higher than that in the model group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONElectrical stimulation at auricular vagus nerve combined with sound masking) could regulate the threshold of ABR, especially in the 15-d treatment group. This may be ascribed to modulating the levels of neurotransmitter of γ-GABA, 5-HT and Ach in inferior colliculus.

Acupuncture Points ; Animals ; Brain Stem ; physiopathology ; Electric Stimulation ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem ; Humans ; Inferior Colliculi ; physiopathology ; Male ; Neurotransmitter Agents ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Serotonin ; metabolism ; Tinnitus ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Vagus Nerve ; physiopathology ; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid ; metabolism

Objective Both flee triiodothyronine (FT3) level and Glasgow Coma scale (GCS) scores have been separately described as prognostic predictors for mortality in hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage (HICH).This study is conducted to investigate the relationship and prognostic impact of low-T3 syndrome and GCS in HICH patients.Methods Two hundred and thirty patients with HICH,admitted to our hospital from January 2015 to January 2016,were chosen and performed thyroid hormone levels examination (FT3,FT4 and thyroid stimulating hormone [TSH] 3).According to the thyroid hormone results,these patients were divided into low T3 group I (FT3＜3.1 pmol/L,normal TSH level) and normal thyroid function group (normal FT3,FT4 and TSH levels).According to best cut-off levels defined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve,these patients were divided into low GCS scores group (GCS＜7.5) and high GCS scores group (GCS＞7.5),and low T3 group Ⅱ (FT3＜2.85 pmol/L) and high T3 group (FT3＞2.85 pmol/L).Telephone follow-up was performed every 6 months,and using death or re-bleeding during follow-up period as end point of the event,prognostic values of FT3 level and GCS scores defined by ROC curve in mortality and re-bleeding rote were recorded;survival rate of these patients were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier curves and compared between each two groups;multivariate Cox regression was used to analyze the relations of FT3 level and GCS scores with mortality and re-bleeding rate.Results As compared with normal thyroid function group,low T3 group Ⅰ had significantly higher re-bleeding rate,percentage of patients with blood loss＞30 mL,and rate of breaking into the ventricles,and statistically lower GCS scores at admission and FT3 level (P＜0.05);the mean age in patients of low T3 group Ⅰ was significantly elder than that in patients of normal thyroid function group (P＜0.05).ROC results indicated that the sensitivity and specificity of GCS scores in predicting mortality and re-bleeding rate were 63％ and 73％,and those of FT3 level were 45％ and 73％.Kaplan-Meier curves showed that both low GCS group and low T3 group Ⅱ had significantly increased mortality and re-bleeding rate as compared with high GCS group and high T3 group (P＜0.05).Unified prediction results indicated that patients from low T3 and low GCS group had significantly higher mortality and re-bleeding rate as compared with patients from low T3 and high GCS group,high T3 and low GCS group,and high T3 and high GCS group (P＜0.05).Conclusion Low T3 syndrome is common in patients with HICH;FT3 level and GCS scores appear to be important predictors for mortality and recurrence in patients with HICH.

Gastric schwannoma is a tumor originating from mesenchymal tissue. The clinical incidence is relatively rare, accounting for 6.3% of all gastric stromal tumors. The tumor is more likely to occur in the body of the stomach and usually originates from the gastric submucosal nerve. Most gastric schwannomas do not have any clinical symptoms. Imaging examination can play a diagnostic role, but the diagnosis still requires pathological examination, especially S-100 protein which is the gold standard for the diagnosis of gastric schwannomas. Gastric schwannoma usually needs to be distinguished from gastrointestinal stromal tumors and gastrointestinal autonomic nerve tumors. In terms of treatment, complete surgical resection is the first choice.

Objective:To investigate the influence of liver drainage volume on overall survival time in patients with unresectable malignant hilar bile duct obstruction.Methods:Data of 633 patients with unresectable malignant hilar bile duct obstruction (BismuthⅡ-Ⅳ) who underwent endoscopic stent drainage in 3 endoscopy centers from January 2002 to May 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Main observation indicators included clinical success rate, stent patency, overall survival, the effective liver drainage volume, and complication incidence.Results:The clinical success rates of patients with liver drainage volume <30%, 30%-50%, and >50% were 56.8% (25/44), 77.3% (201/260) and 84.2% (277/329) respectively. The incidences of early cholangitis were 31.8% (14/44), 18.8% (49/260) and 16.1% (53/329). The median stent patency time was 4.5 (95% CI: 1.8-7.2) months, 5.6 (95% CI: 5.0-6.2) months and 6.6 (95% CI: 5.2-8.0) months. The overall survival time was 2.4 (95% CI: 1.8-3.0) months, 4.0 (95% CI: 3.4-4.6) months and 4.9 (95% CI:4.4-5.4) months, respectively. The clinical success rate ( χ 2=8.28, P=0.012), median stent patency period ( χ 2=18.87, P=0.015) and overall survival time ( χ 2=6.93, P=0.024) of 30%-50% liver drainage volume group were significantly higher than those of <30% group. Further multivariate cox regression analysis showed that the disease type (hepatocellular carcinoma VS hilar cholangiocarcinoma: HR=1.50, 95% CI:1.18-1.91, P=0.001; gallbladder carcinoma VS hilar cholangiocarcinoma: HR=1.45, 95% CI:1.14-1.85, P=0.002; metastatic cholangiocarcinoma VS hilar cholangiocarcinoma: HR=1.48, 95% CI:1.08-2.04, P=0.015), bilirubin level >200 μmol/L ( HR=1.35, 95% CI:1.14-1.60, P<0.001),metal stents ( HR=0.67, 95% CI:0.56-0.79, P<0.001), liver drainage volume (volume 30%-50% VS <30%: HR=0.64, 95% CI: 0.45-0.90, P=0.010; volume>50% VS <30%: HR=0.58, 95% CI:0.41-0.81, P=0.002) and anti-tumor therapy ( HR=0.51, 95% CI:0.42-0.61, P<0.001) were independent predictors for overall survival time of patients with unresectable malignant hilar bile duct obstruction. Conclusion:When endoscopic stent drainage is performed for patients with unresectable malignant hilar bile duct obstruction, at least 30% liver volume is required for better overall survival. In addition, the use of metal stent drainage and anti-tumor therapy may increase survival benefits.

Objective:To investigate the application value of different metal stents place-ment position in endoscopic drainage of malignant hilar bile duct obstruction.Methods:The retro-spective cohort study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 300 patients with malignant hilar bile duct obstruction who were admitted to 3 medical centers, including 216 patients in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, 48 patients in the Xijing Hospital of Air Force Medical University, 36 patients in the First People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, from January 2012 to January 2019 were collected. There were 164 males and 136 females, aged (67±12)years. All patients were determined to be unresectable by multidisciplinary consultation and underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. Observation indicators: (1) clinicopathological features of patients; (2) follow-up; (3) analysis of influencing factors for patency time of metal biliary stents and overall survival time of patients. Follow-up was conducted using outpatient examination and telephone interview to detect patency of metal biliary stents and survival of patients up to July 2019 or death of patients. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean± SD, and comparison between groups was conducted using the independent sample t test. Measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M( Q1, Q3), and comparison between groups was conducted using the Mann-Whitney U test. Count data were expressed as absolute numbers or percentages, and comparison between groups was conducted using the chi-square test or Fisher exact probability. Comparison of ordinal data was conducted using the rank sum test. Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate survival rates and draw survival curves, and Log-Rank test was used to conduct survival analysis. COX regression model was used for univariate and multivariate analyses. Factors with P<0.1 in univariate analysis were included in multivariate analysis. Results:(1) Clinicopathological features of patients. Of the 300 patients, 163 cases underwent endoscopic drainage with at least one metal biliary stent' distal portion crossing the duodenal main papilla (hereinafter referred to as crossing papilla), and 137 cases underwent endoscopic drainage with no metal biliary stent' distal portion crossing the duodenal main papilla (hereinafter referred to as no crossing papilla). Age, disease type (hilar cholangiocarcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, intrahepatic cholangio-carcinoma, gallbladder carcinoma, metastatic cholangiocarcinoma), metal biliary stents type (unilateral metal biliary stent, bilateral metal biliary stents) of patients with crossing papilla were (68±13)years, 95, 8, 11, 31, 18, 63, 100, respectively. The above indicators of patients with no crossing papilla were (64±12)years, 63, 22, 20, 23, 9, 126, 11, respectively. There were significant differences in the above indicators between patients with crossing papilla and patients with no crossing papilla ( t=2.70, χ2=17.69, 90.79, P<0.05). (2) Follow-up. All the 300 patients were followed up for 5.4(3.1,9.3)months. The patency time of metal biliary stents was 9.0(8.2,9.8)months and 6.4(4.8,8.0)months of patients with crossing papilla and patients with no crossing papilla, showing a significant difference between them ( χ2=8.23, P<0.05). The overall survival time was 5.5(4.2,6.8)months and 5.5(4.3,6.8)months of patients with crossing papilla and patients with no crossing papilla, showing no significant difference between them ( χ2=0.28, P>0.05). (3) Analysis of influencing factors for patency time of metal biliary stents and overall survival time of patients. Results of univariate analysis showed that type of metal biliary stents and the placement position of metal biliary stents were related factors affecting the patency time of metal biliary stents [ hazard ratio( HR)=0.44, 0.60, 95% confidence intervals as 0.30?0.64, 0.42?0.85, P<0.05]. Results of multi-variate analysis showed that bilateral metal biliary stents was an independent protective factor for the patency time of metal biliary stents ( HR=0.46, 95% confidence interval as 0.29?0.72, P<0.05). Results of univariate analysis showed that disease type (intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma versus hilar cholangiocarcinoma), preoperative serum total bilirubin, type of metal biliary stents, anti-tumor therapy were related factors affecting the overall survival time of patients ( HR=1.05, 1.43, 0.72, 0.61, 95% confidence intervals as 0.70?1.57, 1.12?1.83, 0.55?0.92, 0.47?0.81, P<0.05). Results of multi-variate analysis showed that age >60 years, disease type as hepatocellular carcinoma, preoperative serum total bilirubin >200 μmol/L were independent risk factors for the overall survival time of patients ( HR=1.35, 1.98, 1.46, 95% confidence intervals as 1.02?1.79, 1.40?2.80, 1.13?1.89, P<0.05), and bilateral metal biliary stents, anti-tumor therapy were independent protective factors for the overall survival time of patients ( HR=0.68, 0.60, 95% confidence intervals as 0.53?0.89, 0.45?0.80, P<0.05). Conclusions:Endoscopic drainage with or without metal biliary stents' distal portion crossing the duodenal main papilla is safe and feasible for patients with malignant hilar bile duct obstruction. Bilateral metal biliary stents is an independent protective factor for the patency time of metal biliary stents. Age >60 years, disease type as hepatocellular carcinoma, preoperative serum total bilirubin >200 μmol/L are independent risk factors for the overall survival time of patients, and bilateral metal biliary stents, anti-tumor therapy are independent protective factors for the overall survival time of patients.