BackgroundThe improvement of social function in patients with schizophrenia is an important part of their rehabilitation， and peer support services， as a rehabilitation method， may be of great significance to improve the social function of patients with schizophrenia. ObjectiveTo explore the influence of peer support service on the daily living ability and social function of patients with chronic schizophrenia， and to provide references for promoting the rehabilitation of patients with chronic schizophrenia. MethodsA total of 100 patients with chronic schizophrenia who were hospitalized in The Third People's Hospital of Tianshui from January 1 to December 31， 2020 and met the diagnostic criteria of the International Classification of Diseases， 10th edition （ICD-10） were selected as the study objects， and they were divided into the control group and the study group with 50 cases each by random number table method. Patients in both groups received routine treatment and nursing care， on this basis， the study group received peer support service once or twice a week for 12 weeks， and the control group received the same peer support service at the end of the study. Before and at the 1^st， 2^nd， 4^th， 8^th and 12^th week of the treatment， Activity of Daily Living Scale （ADL） and Social Disability Screening Schedule （SDSS） were used to evaluate the activities of daily living and social function of the two groups. ResultsThe ADL scores of the study group were lower than those of the control group at the 8^th week and 12^th week of the treatment （ t=-2.420， -2.814， P<0.05 or 0.01） . The SDSS scores of the study group were lower than those of the control group at the 8^th week an 12^th week of the treatment （t=-2.057， -2.322， P<0.05） . ConclusionPeer support services may help improve the ability of daily life and social function of patients with chronic schizophrenia. ［Funded by Tianshui City Livelihood Science and Technology Plan Project （number， 2020-SHFZKJK-9344）］

AIM: To investigate the changes and clinical significance of corneal parameters and tear film stability after cataract combined with pterygium surgery.

METHODS: The clinical data of 80 patients with cataract and pterygium admitted to our hospital from January to December 2020 were retrospectively studied. All patients underwent pterygium excision + phacoemulsification + intraocular lens implantation + limbal stem cell transplantation. The changes of visual acuity, corneal Pentacam parameters, corneal astigmatism, corneal curvature and tear film stability before and after operation were compared, and the degree deviation of intraocular lens(IOL)was calculated.

RESULTS: At 3mo after operation, the average corneal refractive index and average corneal refractive index of the patients in this group were significantly higher than those before operation. The index of surface variance(ISV)of corneal surface and astigmatism of anterior corneal surface were significantly lower than those before operation, and the indexes of tear film stability were significantly improved compared with those before operation(all P<0.01). At 6mo after operation, the visual acuity of the patients in this group was significantly improved compared with that before operation, and the corneal astigmatism was significantly decreased compared with that before operation, but the corneal curvature was significantly higher than that before operation(all P<0.001). The IOL degree deviation of the patients in this group was -5.5 - +3.5D.

CONCLUSION: Cataract combined with pterygium surgery can effectively improve the visual acuity of patients and improve the stability of tear film, but there may be corneal astigmatism. Therefore, the contralateral corneal refractive power should be used to calculate the IOL degree after pterygium excision. When the corneal refractive state is stable, cataract phacoemulsification is performed to ensure its prognosis.

Young petiole of Tussilago farfara was used as the material to investigate the plant growth regulators which could influence in vitro culture and plant regeneration and to establish rapid propagation technique. The ideal sterilization method was that young petiole of T. farfara was sterilized with 75% ethanol for 30 s, and then transferred to saturated bleaching power supernatant for 15 min. The suitable medium for callus induction was MS+6-BA 3.0 mg•L⁻¹+2,4-D 2.0 mg•L⁻¹ with 96.2% induction rate. The seedlings had better differentiation with 91% differentiation rate and 8.26 buds on the medium containing MS+ZT 2.0 mg•L⁻¹+NAA 0.3 mg•L⁻¹. The preferred enrichment medium of adventitious bud was MS+KT 1.0 mg•L⁻¹+IBA 0.3 mg•L⁻¹ with 11.81 enrichment times and 4.9 cm seedling height. The rooting medium included 1/2MS+IBA 0.2 mg•L⁻¹ with the average number of rooting was 5.86 and the rooting rate was above 95.22%. The container seedlings can grow well and the survival rate was more than 90% when they were transplanted on the medium added with river sand and organic fertilizer with the ratio of 3∶1. The field experiments indicated that significant differences in increment and yield of pollen grains among the tissue-culture, cultivation and wild type of T. farfara under the same cultivation conditions. The cultivated plants were relatively high on the increment and yield of pollen grains. The active ingredient content of the tissue culture and the wild materials was basically the same.

Objective To study the role of hydrogen sulfide(H2S)in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury (ALI)-induced oleic acid(OA)and its regulatory effects on the inflammatory msponse.Method The ALI models in SD rats were produced by intravenous injection of OA(0.1 ml/kg).Forty-nine male SD rats were divided into three groups randomly:control group,OA group and OA+sodium hydrosulfide(NaHS)group.Rats of OA group and OA+NaHS group were sacrificed at 2,4 and 6 hours after the administration of OA,respectively.Rats of control group were sacrificed at 6 hours after intravenous normal saline(0.1 ml/kg).PaO2,lung tissue wet/dry(W/D)ratio and IQA score were determined.The concentrations of H2S in lung tissue and plasma were tested by sensitive sulphur electrode.The IL-6.IL-8 and IL-10 levels were measured by doubleantibody sandwich ELSIA.Results Compared with control group,of lung tissues was observed in rats treated with OA induced ALI,which led PaO2 dropped,and lung tissue W/D ratio,PMN%in alvedolar lavage and IQA raised score in the lung at 2,4 or 6 hours after OA injection(P＜0.01).In addition,IL-6,IL-8,and IL-10significantly increased,IL-6[plasma,control:(73.95±14.68)pg/ml,2 h:(186.70±23.85)pg/ml,4 h:(238.50±26.46)pg/ml,6 h:(215.95±25.86)pg/ml,P＜0.01;lung tissue,control:(60.58±12.91)pg/ml,2 h:(160.32±24.57)pg/ml,4 h:(195.27±46.28)pg/ml,6 h:(185.66±17.42)pg/ml,P all =0.000)],IL-8[plasma,control:(80.69±20.42)pg/ml,2 h:(184.11±19.51)pg/ml,4 h:(286.20±53.34)pg/ml,6 h:(241.30±45.85)pg/ml,P＜0.01;lung tissue,control:(69.14±15.96)pg/ml,2 h:(174.10±20.36)pg/ml,4 h:(249.02±31.17)pg/ml,6 h:(237.74±34.18)pg/ml,P＜0.01] and IL-10[plasma,control:(39.78±8.97)pg/ml,2 h:(111.18±11.46)pg/ml,4 h:(115.60±13.91)pg/ml,6h:(102.41±9.93)pg/ml,P＜0.01;lung tissue,control:(71.86±14.19)pg/ml,2 h:(126.96±18.72)pg/ml,4 h:(151.88±27.61)pg/ml,6 h:(137.28±14.22)pg/ml,P all=0.000] levels.in association with a decreased H2S content of plasma lung tissue decreased in[plasma,control:(36.58±6.80)μmol/L,2 h:(21.30±2.75)μmol/L,4 h:(20.63±1.26)μmol/L,6 h:(20.00±1.60)μmol/L,P＜0.01;lung tissue,control:(27.61±2.20)μmol/L,2 h:(20.67±1.37)μmol/L,4 h:(20.79±1.10)μmol/L,6 h:(18.92±0.75)μmol/L,P＜0.01]were observed in the plasma and lung tissue of OA-treated rats compared to controls.Administration of NaHS prior to OA treatment could lessen the lung pathologic changes induced by OA and elevate the concentrations of H2S in plasma[4 h:(26.67±3.44)μmol/L vs(20.63±1.26)μmol/L,P=0.042;6 h:(26.98±4.93)μmol/L vs(20.00±1.60)μmol/L,P＜0.05]and lung tissue[4 h:(23.20±1.48)μmol/L vs(20.79±1.10)μmol/L,P=0.011;6 h:(21,43±1.79)μmol/L vs(18.92±0.75)μmol/L,P=0.016].At the same time,the levels of IL-6 in plasma(185.37±21.98)pg/ml vs(238.50±26.46)pg/ml,4 h,P=0.000;(124.22±21.84)pg/ml vs(215.95±25.86)pg/ml,6 h,P＜0.01]and IL-8(199.40±34.56)pg/ml vs(286.20±53.34)pg/ml,4 h,P＜0.01;(146.58±20.23)pg/ml vs(241.30±45.85)pg/ml,6 h,P＜0.01]decreased significantly,but the level of IL-10(154.48±18.08)pg/ml vs(115.60±13.91)pg/ml,4 h,P=0.000;(138.06±20.01)pg/ml vs(102.41±9.93)pg/ml,6 h,P＜0.01]increased significantly.Conclusions The levels of endogenous H2S drop during the course of ALI oleic acid induced in rats.Exogenous H2S could decrease the levels of inflammatory factors(IL-6and IL-8),but increase the level of anti-inflammatory factors(IL-10).It could change the ratio of inflammatory factors/anti-inflammatory factors and therefore play a protective role against oleic acid induced ALI in rats.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the efficacy and safety of carvedilol in patients with chronic heart failure(CHF). METHODS:46patients with CHF were randomly divided into carvedilol group(n=26)and control group(n=20),thareinto,standard therapeutic scheme is used in control group,standard therapeutic scheme+carvedilol is used in carve diol greup.The treatment courses were6months in both groups.RESULTS:Left ventricular end-diastolic diameter(LVEDD)reduced and left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)increased in carvedilol group with significant difference comparing with control group(P

Diabetic gastroparesis （DGP） is a common diabetic neuropathy that affects the normal function of gastric motility and emptying. Clinically， it often manifests as abdominal distension， nausea and vomiting， early satiety， dyspepsia， etc. The pathogenesis of DGP is multifactorial， closely related to many factors， such as chronic hyperglycemia， neuropathy， autonomic nervous system disorders， inflammation， and oxidative stress. These factors can interact with each other， leading to delayed gastric emptying and the occurrence of related symptoms. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） has significant advantages in the prevention and treatment of DGP， including a long history， remarkable efficacy， individualized treatment， diverse therapeutic formulations， and improvement in the quality of life. Additionally， TCM is known for its low adverse reactions， good tolerance， and multi-targeted effects， making it an important approach in the management of DGP. Previous research has found that the main mechanisms of Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of DGP include the regulation of gastrointestinal hormones， inhibition of inflammatory responses， reduction of oxidative stress， enhancement of interstitial cells of Cajal activity， inhibition of pyroptosis， and modulation of related signaling pathways such as stem cell factor （SCF）/cellular growth factor receptor （c-Kit）， adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase （AMPK）， Ras homologous genome member A （RhoA）/Rho-associated coiled-coil forming kinase （ROCK）. This article primarily summarized the research progress on Chinese medicine in preventing and treating DGP through the inhibition of inflammatory responses， reduction of oxidative stress， enhancement of interstitial cells of Cajal activity， inhibition of pyroptosis， and regulation of related signaling pathways， aiming to provide a reference and basis for further research on the application value of Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of DGP.

Aim To observe the intervention effects of sodium aescinate on acute lung injury model of rats induced by oleate. Methods Fifty four male SD rats were randomly divided into five groups: normal control group, sodium aescinate control group (without oleate) , oleate model control group,medrol interventional group and sodium aescinate interventional group. Acute lung injury models of rats were made by injecting oleate (OA, 0. 1 ml · kg~(-1) ) through caudal veins, and then rats were observed and killed to detect correlated in-dice. The observation indice were the histomorphology of lung, the wet and dry weights of lung ( W/D), score of injury of lung under light microscope (IQA ) , partial pressure of oxygen in artery ( PaO_2) , the levels of SOD and MDA in blood plasma and lung tissue. Results ① Histomorphology of lung: Lung surface hyperemia relieved obviously and pink secretion from trachea of rats in sodium aescinate interventional group and medrol interventioal group decreased significantly compared with oleate model control group. Under light microscope , compared with oleate model control group, effusion of inflammatory cells in alveolar space of rats in sodium aescinate interventional group and medrol interventional group decreased. ② The wet and dry weights of lung ( W/D ) ; W/D of rats in oleate control model group increased obviously compared with those in normal control group, W/D of rats in sodium aescinate interventional group and medrol interventional group decreased obviously compared with those in oleate model control group. ③ Score of injury of lungs under light microscope (IQA) ; IQA of rats in oleate model control group advanced obviously compared with that in normal control group. IQA of rats in sodium aescinate interventional group and medrol interventional group lowered significantly compared with that in oleate model control group.④ Partial pressure of oxygen in artery (PaO_2) : PaO_2 of rats in oleate model control group lowered significantly compared with that in normal control group. PaO_2 of rats in sodium aescinate interventional group and medrol interventional group improved significantly compared with that in oleate model control group. ⑤ The levels of SOD and MDA in blood plasma and lung tissue:The levels of SOD in plasma and lung tissue of rats in oleate model control group lowered significantly compared with those in normal control group. SOD in plasma and lung tissue of rats in sodium aescinate in-terventional group and medrol interventional group increased significantly compared with that in oleate model control group. The levels of MDA in plasma and lung tissue of rats in oleate model control group lowered significantly compared with those in normal control group. MDA in plasma and lung tissue of rats in sodium aescinate interventional group and medrol interventional group increased significantly compared with that in oleate model control group. Conclusion Sodium aescinate can improve W/D, IQA and PaO_2 by adjusting oxidization of the acute lung injury model of rats, which may provide a possible path for treating acute lung injury in clinical practice.

OBJECTIVETo explore whether PCDH15-SI is stable and accurate to diagnose NK/T-cell lymphoma or not.

METHODSThe paraffin-biopsiy specimens were collected from 45 cases of NK/T-cell lymphoma and 33 cases of non-NK/T-cell lymphoma in Department of pathology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University. The paraffin sections were stained by immunohistochemistry and blank controls were set up. The peripheral blood was collected from these cases of NK/T-cell lymphoma and non-NK/T-cell lymphoma, as well as from the normal controls in the same hospital. The serum PCDH15 levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

RESULTSImmunohistochemistry showed that PCDH15 were expressed in biopsy specimens of both the NK/T-cell lymphoma in the experimental group and the non-NK/T cell lymphoma in the control group. The expression rate in the NK/T-cell lymphoma group was higher than that in control group. The PCDH15-SI can be detected in NK/T cell lymphoma, non-NK/T cell lymphoma and the normal controls, which is higher in lymphoma patients than that in control, and the serum level was higher in the non-NK/T-cell lymphoma patients than that in the NK/T-cell lymphoma patients. Also, the serum level was higher in the patients with advanced disease than that in the patients at early stage.

CONCLUSIONPCDH15 does not act as the new diagnostic marker for NK/T cell lymphoma. The serum level of PCDH15-SI may be helpful to the staging and judging therapeutic effect and prognosis for the patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) on myeloma cell line MPC-11 in vitro and its anti-tumor mechamism so as to provide the theoretic evidence for treatment of multiple myeloma by using rhEPO.

METHODSMPC-11 cells were cultured in RPMI 1640 medium, then the MPC-11 cells in logarithmic growth phase were seed in 96 well culture plates at a density of 1×10/ml cells with 100 µl per well. For all the experiments, the control and rhEPO groups were set up, and the rhEPO group was divided into different concentration groups: 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 200 and 400 rhEPO U/ml. The cultured MPC-11 cells in each groups were collected at day 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, and the viability of MPC-11 cells was assayed by using CCK-8 method, the MPC-11 cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry with Annexin V/PI double staining, the levels of IL-6, IgG and kappa light chain in cell supernatant were detected by ILISA.

RESULTSThe apoptosis rate in MPC-11 cells treated with 200 U/ml of rhEPO at day 21 was significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.05); the apoptosis rate in MPC-11 cells treated with 400 U/ml of rhEPO at day 10, 15, 21 was higher than that in control group at same time points, respectively (P<0.05), suggesting that the MPC-11 cell apoptosis rate was enhanced with increase of rhEPO concentration and prolonging of culture time(P<0.05), the IL-6 level in supernatant of cell treated with 400 U/ml of rhEOP for 15 days was lower than that in control group(P<0.05), while the IL-6 level in supernatant of cells treated with 100, 200, 400 U/ml of rhEPO for 21 days decreased (P<0.05); The levels of IgG and kappa light chain in supernatant of cells treated with 400 U/ml of rhEPO for 21 days all were significantly lower than those in control group(P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe rhEPO can induce apoptosis of MPC-11 cells with concentration- and time-dependent manner, and can reduce levels of IgG, kappa light chain secreted by MPC-11 cells with time-dependent manner.

BACKGROUND:Congenital clubfoot mainly manifests as abnormal bone itself and abnormal cartilage development.The bone morphogenetic protein(BMP)/drosophila mothers against decapentaplegic protein(Smad)signaling pathway can direct the development of bone and cartilage during embryonic period,but its role in the field of clubfoot etiology has not been confirmed in animal experiments. OBJECTIVE:To explore the mechanism by which the BMP/Smad signaling pathway is involved in the regulation of foot and ankle chondroplasia in a rat congenital clubfoot model. METHODS:Sprague-Dawley rats at 10 days of gestation with the same growth condition were randomly divided into experimental and control groups.The experimental group was intragastrically given 135 mg/kg retinoic acid to make the clubfoot model,while the control group was given the same amount of vegetable oil.The fetal rats were taken out after 21 days of gestation by cesarean section.In the experimental group,the 27 of 41 fetal rats had clubfoot,with a deformity rate of 65.9%;in the control group,no clubfoot was observed in all the 36 fetuses.The ankles tissues of the rats were collected for hematoxylin-eosin staining.Western blot assay,RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry were performed to detect the expression levels of Smad5 and P-Smad5,the core proteins of the BMP/Smad signaling pathway,as well as SP7 and Sox9,the downstream proteins of the BMP/Smad signaling pathway. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the control group,hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that the cartilage matrix in the foot and ankle tissues increased and the gap between the bones increased in the experimental group.Immunohistochemical findings showed that the expression levels of Smad5 and SP7 decreased in the experimental group,while the mRNA expression of Sox9 increased.RT-qPCR results showed that the mRNA expression of Smad5 and SP7 decreased,while the mRNA expression of Sox9 increased in the foot and ankle tissues of rats in the experimental group.Western blot results showed that P-Smad5/Smad5 expression and SP7 expression were decreased and Sox9 expression was increased in the ankle of rats in the experimental group.To conclude,the occurrence of cartilage abnormalities in the foot and ankle of the rat model of congenital clubfoot is associated with impaired transmission of the BMP/Smad signaling pathway.