Objective:To study the force system of teeth produced by utility arch and rocking-chair arch for the treatment of deep o-verbite.Methods:Finite element model of mandible,mandible teeth,edgewise brackets and arch was established,utility arch and rocking chair arch were applied respectively,the force direction and magnitude of molars and incisors was analyzed by ANSYS.Re-sults:When utility arch was used,incisors bear intrusive force and molars bear extrusive force.With the utility arch wire was giving intrusive force to canine,the intrusive force to incisors reduced,the extrusive force to the first molars increased.When adding the bracketed teeth,the intrusive force to incisors increased,but the extrusive force to the canines and the force direction of the molars changed.Conclusion:While the utility arch exerts intrusive pressing force to the canines,the intrusive force to the lateral incisors de-crease,therefore,pressing of canines shall be independently completed after completing pressing of incisors.Different application methods of rocking-chair arches will produce different force to teeth.With addition of teeth applied with rocking-chair arch,the force to lateral incisors and molars changes the most.

Objective To investigate whether the effect of pioglitazone on TNF-α-induced insulin resistance is associated with altering IRS-1-induced signaling. Methods 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated with TNF-α for 24 hours with or without being pretreated with 10μM piglitazone for 6 hours or with pioglitazone alone.Insulin-stimulated glucose uptake of 3T3 adipocytes was measured by using 2-deoxy 3H glucose.The Western blot was used to measure IRS-1, PKB, PKC-λ protein and tyrosine phosphorylation on IRS-1, PKB and PKC-λ phosphorylation. Results Both TNF-α and pioglitazone increased glucose uptake of 3T3 adipocytes under basal status.On TNF-α treated cells, insulin-stimulated glucose uptake was decreased by about 50%, accompanied with the reductions of IRS-1 protein level, tyrosine-phosphorylation of IRS-1 and PKB phosphorylation.TNF-α treatment had no effect on PKC-λ phosphorylation. Pioglitazone pretreatment was able to antagonize TNF-α-induced insulin resistance in 3T3 adipocytes partly reverse IRS-1 protein, increase insulin-stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of IRS-1,and increase phosphorylations of PKB and PKCλ. Conclusion TNF-α-induced insulin resistance in 3T3-L1 adipocytes is related to impaired tyrosine phosphorylation of IRS-1. Pioglitazone antagonizes the above TNF-α induced insulin resistance.

Objective:To investigate glucose uptake and IRS-1-associated signaling pathway by stimulated insulin under TNF-? treatment.Methods:3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated with TNF-? within 6 hours and 24 hours respectively. 2-deoxy ~3H glucose was used to measure glucose uptake and western blot was used to measure IRS-1, PKB protein, tyrosine and serine307 phosphorylation on IRS-1, and PKB phosphorylation.Results:On basal status, glucose uptake of 3T3-L1 cells and phospho-tyrosine of IRS-1, PKB phosphorylation, and serine307 phosphorylation on IRS-1 were all low. Insulin stimulation induced glucose uptake and IRS-1 tyrosine phosphorylation, serine307 phosphorylation, PKB phosphorylation rapidly. TNF-? inhibited insulin-induced glucose uptake, tyrosine phosphorylation of IRS-1 and PKB phosphorylation. Rapamycin reversed the effects of TNF-?. Treated with TNF-? within 6 hours increased serine307 phosphorylation but had no effect on IRS-1 protein level. TNF-?-induced serine307 phosphorylation of IRS-1 was not affected by rapamycin. IRS-1 level was decreased under 24 hours TNF-? treatment and rapamycin can reverse the effect.Conclusion:TNF-? induced insulin resistance in 3T3-L1 adipocytes mightbe related to impaired IRS-1 tyrosine phosphorylation, rapamycin could reverse the effects of TNF-?. Treated with TNF-? within 6 hours stimulate phosphrylation of serine307 of IRS-1 and 24 hours treatment decreased IRS-1 protein level. Rapamycin antagonist TNF-?-induced loses of IRS-1.

Objective To design a questionnaire to explore nursing care behavior demand from patients'vision, and verify its reliability and validity. Methods The nursing care behavior index entry pool were summed up through literature analysis and discussion, and then a questionnaire containing 40 items was designed through per-investigation. A total of 150 patients from 30 departments in general hospital of Shenyang military region were selected for questionnaire survey using the convenience sampling method. The SPSS 19.0 was used to test the reliability and validity. Results Totally 149 effective questionnaires were recycled. Finally the questionnaires contained 6 dimensions and 35 items. Six factors were extracted with exploratory factor analysis, which explained 57.976% variance respectively. Total questionnaire Cronbach alpha coefficient was 0.892, the dimension Cronbach alpha coefficient was 0.747-0.914; Total remeasuring reliability was 0.824, the remeasuring reliability was 0.733-0.867. Binary validity was 0.806, binary coefficient was 0.748-0.872. Conclusions This study scientifically and reliably built a nursing care behavior demand questionnaire from patients′vision, which can be used to survey patients′satisfaction on nursing humanities.

AIM and METHODS:To study the effect of Nao-xue-bao at three different doses on blood coagulation，platelet aggregation by observing the changes in activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), antithrombin-Ⅲ(AT-III), fibrinogen(Fng), plasminogen(Plg) and platelet aggregation(PAG). RESULTS:Compared with thrombosis group, the rats treated with Naoxuebao showed that the plasma APTT,PT were longer, and the activity of AT-III was increased. The content of Fng was reduced, TT was longer, there was a negative correlation between Fng and TT. Furthermore PAG-1, PAG-5 and PAG-M were reduced. CONCLUSION:Nao-xue-bao could inhibit thrombosis in different keys of blood coagulation.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of the diagnosis and treatment center for Ebola observing ward and reduce infection risk according to allocation scheduling method of nursing staff. To provide reference for other similar tasks. Methods We used the method of grouping fixed group scheduling method and fixed working hours to identify and refine the content of nursing work. Results A total of 65 cases of suspected Ebola including 5 cases diagnosed as EVD patients were cured. No case of infection occurred in nursing staff. Conclusions During the infectious disease nursing work, reasonable personnel allocation and scheduling method can make the nursing staff work with full energy and strength and ensure the realization ofzero infectiontargets.

OBJECTIVE:To compare the efficacy and safety of Leonurus artemisia cream and Dan’e fukang cream in the treat-ment of primary dysmenorrhea. METHODS:80 patients with primary dysmenorrheal were randomly divided into L. artemisia cream group (40 cases) and Dan’e fukang cream group (40 cases). L. artemisia cream group received L. artemisia cream 10 g, orally,twice a day. Dan’e fukang cream group received Dan’e fukang cream 10 g,orally,twice a day. The treatment was stated before 10 days of menstruation. 10 days was regarded as 1 treatment course,and it lasted for 6 courses. Cold drink and food were forbid during medication,washing face and feet with warm water,soaking feet with hot water if they can,paying attention to keep the lower abdomen and legs warm. If patients felt unbearable pain in menstruation,0.3 g Ibuprofen sustained release capsule was given,orally twice a day. Clinical efficacy,symptom score(dysmenorrhea degree,abdominal pain,lumbosacral pain)before and af-ter treatment,dysmenorrhea duration,frequency of taking painkillers and the incidence of adverse reactions in 2 groups were ob-served. RESULTS:There were no significant differences in the total effective rate and the incidence of adverse reactions in 2 groups (P>0.05). Before treatment,there were no significant differences in dysmenorrhea degree,abdominal pain,lumbosacral pain score,dysmenorrheal duration and frequency of taking painkillers in 2 groups (P>0.05). After treatment,the dysmenorrhea degree,abdominal pain,lumbosacral pain score in 2 groups were significantly lower than before,and Dan’e fukang cream group was lower than L. artemisia cream group with statistical sighificance(P<0.05),and dysmenorrheal duration and frequency of taking painkillers were significantly lower than before,with statistical significance(P<0.05),while there was no significant difference in 2 groups(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Both L. artemisia cream and Dan’e fukang cream have good efficacy and safety in the treat-ment of primary dysmenorrhea,while Dan’e fukang cream is superior to L. artemisia cream in terms of improving clinical symp-toms.

BACKGROUND:Whether determination of tacrolimus blood concentration by different immunoassay methods can influence predictive ability to immunosuppressive effects and toxicity, and whether it can be more sensitive to reflect blood concentration in patients with renal dysfunction are worthy of studying.
OBJECTIVE:To analyze the correlation of tacrolimus (FK506) concentrations determined by enzyme-multiplied immunoassay technique (EMIT) and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in combination with renal function parameters.
METHODS:133 clinical blood samples were col ected. EMIT and ELISA techniques were used to determine the FK506 concentration. The correlation of two determination methods were analyzed, combined with renal function. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:In patients with renal dysfunction, the mean results and standard deviation mensurated by ELISA were higher than those by EMIT. For blood concentration in 5-20μg/L by ELISA, the incidence of renal dysfunction occurred less than by EMIT. The overal mean results of blood concentration for two methods appeared no significant difference (r=0.904 5, P>0.05). When the concentration was less than 2.0μg/L, the concentration results by EMIT were higher than those by ELISA (P<0.01). When the concentration was more than 2.0μg/L, there was no significant difference between two determination methods (P>0.05). These findings indicate that EMIT and ELISA has good correlation, which are both suitable for clinical routine determination of plasma concentration. It is not recommended for applying EMIT method to determine low blood concentrations (<2.0μg/L). The reference range of concentration should be compartmentalized depending on combination of determination methods and renal function.

AIM and METHODS: To study the effect of Nao-xue-bao at three different doses on blood coagulation,platelet aggregation by observing the changes in activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), antithrombin-Ⅲ(AT-III), fibrinogen(Fng), plasminogen(Plg) and platelet aggregation(PAG). RESULTS: Compared with thrombosis group, the rats treated with Naoxuebao showed that the plasma APTT,PT were longer, and the activity of AT-III was increased. The content of Fng was reduced, TT was longer, there was a negative correlation between Fng and TT. Furthermore PAG-1, PAG-5 and PAG-M were reduced. CONCLUSION: Nao-xue-bao could inhibit thrombosis in different keys of blood coagulation.

TA method for the content determination of methionine sulfoxide and methionine sulfone in compound amino acid injection (18AA-II) was established in order to investigate their level in 155 batches of this product, and to explore the reason for the generation of these two impurities.The determination was performed on an Agilent Poroshell 120 EC-C18 column with mobile phases of sodium acetate/tetrahydrofuran solution (A) and sodium acetate solution -acetonitrile-methanol (B, 200∶400∶400) (gradient elution) at the flow rate of 0.5 mL/min.The excitation wavelength and the emission wavelength of the fluorescence detector were 233 nm and 441 nm, respectively.The column temperature was 40 °C, and the injection volume was 8 μL.The contents of methionine sulfoxide and methionine sulfone from 155 batches of compound amino acid injection (18AA-II) was determined using this method, and the residual oxygen content was detected by headspace gas analyzer.The results showed that the linear range of methionine sulfoxide and methionine sulfone were 0.128 1-10.250 0 μg/mL (r = 0.999 9) and 0.261 0-10.440 0 μg/mL (r = 0.999 8), respectively.The limits of quantitation were 0.13 μg/mL and 0.26 μg/mL, respectively; the limits of detection were 0.04 μg/mL and 0.09 μg/mL, respectively.RSDs of precision, stability and repetitive test were all lower than 1.3%.The recoveries ranged 98.00%-100.79% (RSD = 1.15%, n = 9) and 98.19%-102.31% (RSD = 1.33%, n = 9).The content level of oxidized related substances from different manufacturers showed significant difference, showing relevance with the residual oxygen content to some extent, yet no significant correlation with the added amount of antioxygen (sodium pyrosulfite).The method is validated to be useful for the content control of methionine sulfoxide and methionine sulfone in compound amino acid injection (18AA-II).It is quite necessary to include the determination of oxidized related substance into the quality specification.Manufacturers should strengthen the control of remaining oxygen in their products.