One-hundred and twenty 4-week-old Wistar rats were selected.After making the model of goiter by iodine deficiency,the rats were divided into 4 groups:normal control group (NC),model control group (MC),excessive iodine group(IE) and herbs rich in iodine group (HIE).The rats were killed 0 week and 8 weeks after different treatments.The activity of rat serum glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px),xanthineoxidase (XOD),and superoxide dismutase (SOD),as well as the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2),were measured by biochemical methods.The expression of 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) in the rat thyroid was detected by immunohistochemistry method.The expression of peroxiredoxin5 (PRDX5) in the rat thyroid was detected by the Western blotting and immunohistochemistry.After 8 weeks of different treatments,the SOD activities in IE group decreased significantly compared with HIE group(P＜0.05).While the GSH-Px activities in IE group and HIE group decreased significantly compared with MC group (both P ＜ 0.01),the values of H2O2 in IE group increased significantly compared with NC group (P＜0.05).The values of MDA in IE group increased markedly compared with HIE group (P＜0.05).The XOD activities in IE group and HIE group were significantly higher than NC group.(both P＜0.01).The expression of thyroid 4-HNE in IE group was significantly higher than HIE group(P＜0.05).The expression of thyroid PRDX5 in HIE group was markedly higher than that in the other groups,as shown by both immunohistochemistry and Western blotting methods (all P＜0.05).Compared with excessive iodine intake,herbs rich in iodine may cause less damage to thyroid follicular cells and make iodine deficiency induced goiter recover more completely,suggesting that this improved result may be related to the enhanced antioxidant capacity,owing to administering iodine-rich herbs.

Objective To determine the iodine content of iodine-rich herbal and analyze the effective factors.Methods Iodine contents of seaweed at different alkali ashing temperature,such as 200℃,300℃,400℃,500℃and 600℃were determined,then the optimum ashing temperature were selected.Mixed ashing auxiliary including potassium carbonate,zinc sulfate,sodium chloride,potassium chlorate were added in samples of iodine-rich herbal,and ashed at the optimum ashing temperature for 2h.The ash was dissolved in deionized water.Iodine content of iodine-rich herbal was determined with As3+-Ce4+catalytic spectrophotometry.Results The optimum ashing temperature was 300℃;the standard curve regression equation:A =-6.91 ×10 -3C +1.0306,r =0.999 3;iodine content of seaweed,Kunbu and Haidai was 0.829 mg/g,0.343 mg/g and 0.864 mg/g respectively;recovery rates before ashing of seaweed,Haidai and Kunbu were 83.19%,81.47% and 80.32% respectively;91.24%,93.43% and 95.86% after ashing.Conclusion Iodine is rich in iodine-rich herbal,the optimum ashing temperature is 300 ℃,and As3+ -Ce4+ catalytic spectrophotometry is stable and accurate as a determination method of iodine content of herbal.

Objective To study the effects of mild and moderate iodine excess on thyroid function and morphology in Wistar rats with iodine deficiency. Methods Rats with iodine-deficiency were prepared by drinking 1% postassium perchlorate solution followed by drinking double distilled water (DDW) containing 0 ?g/L (iodine deficient control) iodine load, 840 ?g/L or 1680 ?g/L iodine load. Normal rats in DDW group drank DDW with 0 ?g/L iodine and had common diet. Serum TSH was measured with solid phase radioimmunoassay (IRMA) and serum TT_4, TT_3, rT_3 and thyroid TT_4 with radioimmunoassay (RIA). Thyroid morphological changes were observed under optical and electron microscopes. Metamorphic imaging system was used to measure the height of thyrocytes and the area of thyroid follicular cavities. Results At the 90 th day after starting treatment, serum TSH levels in 840 ?g/L iodine group and 1680 ?g/L iodine group were markedly lower than that in iodine-deficient control group (both P

Objective To study the effect of Nourishing-Yin Removing-Fire and Dissipating-Stagnation Decoction on intrathyroid vascularity( ITV) and serum vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) levels in patients with new diagnoses of Graves disease(GD).Methods 100 patients with new diagnoses of GD were divided into two groups:Group A were treated with Nourishing-Yin Removing-Fire and Dissipating-Stagnation Decoction combined with methimazole(MT) and Group B were treated with MT alone.Thyroid volumes, superior thyroid artery peak systolic velocity(STA-PSV), thyroid vascularity index(TVI) and serum VEGF levels in patients were also observed in Group A and B before and after treatment.The correlation between thyroid volumes and serum VEGF levels in patients was analyzed.Results The parameters of GD were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.01) .There were positive correlation between thyroid volumes and thyroid vascularity index(TVI) or serum VEGF levels in patients(r=0.57, P<0.05;r=0.59,P<0.05).The parameters in Group A and Group B decreased after treatment(P<0.01).STA-PSV, TVI and serum VEGF levels decreased significantly in Group A than those in in Group B after treatment(all P<0.05).Conclusion Nourishing-Yin Removing-Fire and Dissipating-Stagnation Decoction can improve goiters more effectively than traditional western medicine alone by decreasing serum VEGF levels of patients with GD.

Objective To study the renal pathology and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in rats with hypothyroidism caused by iodine deficiency.Methods The rats were randomly grouped into test group and normal group,and the test group was further randomly divided into model group and L-T4 group.Observation were made when the hypothyroid model was formed after maneuvering for 21 days and the medication had been taken for 56 days.The observed data included the morphogy of the kidney,serum TT3,TT4,TSH,blood urea nitrogen (BUN),serum creatinine (SCr),and VEGF expression.Results (1) After medication for 56 days,compared to normal group,BUN and SCr levels in L-T4 and model groups showed apparently increasing [BUN (5.55 ± 0.50,5.80 ± 0.66 vs 5.00 ± 0.24) mmol/L,P＜0.05 ; SCr (26.83 ± 0.75,27.0 ± 3.41 vs 22.5 ± 2.07) μmol/L,P＜0.05],and L-T4 group showed slightly lowered BUN and SCr levels compared with model group (P＞0.05).(2) By 21 days,in the model group there was moderate mesangial hyperplasia involving focal glomeruli.By 56th day of medication,entire glomeruli showed moderate mesangial hyperplasia with lessened number of dilated capillaries in the model group.However,in the L-T4 treated group,mesangial hyperplasia was much less and capillaries though dilated appeared wholesome,as compared with the model group.(3) By 21th day,the IODA value of VEGF in the model group was higher than that in the normal control (44.64 ± 14.99 vs 29.05 ± 9.14,P＜0.01).After medication for 56 days,there was no significant difference in the IODA value of three groups.Conclusions The characteristics of renal pathology in rats with hypothyroidism caused by iodine deficiency consist of mesangial hyperplasia and loss of glomerular capillaries.The expression of VEGF is raised early in the course of renal damage,but lowered thereafter.L-T4 can not reverse the sustained kidney damage and impaired renal function.

The standardization of syndrome differentiation based on the diseases of WM has become an important academic guidance,which,however,has induced lots of problems.The logical contradiction was analyzed between the results of standardization of syndrome differentiation based on the diseases of TCM and WM,between the results of two large-scale standardizations of syndrome differentiation based on WM and between the results of syndrome differentiation of related diseases of WM.In this paper,the author studied on the origin of symptoms and signs of syndrome differentiation of the diseases of WM and the effect of standardization of syndrome differentiation of the diseases of WM on the nature and location of disease in TCM,and pointed out some important unresolved academic problems.

To investigate the relationship between diabetes and its names in ancient times by analytical method of medical theory,comparison of medication rules and statistical analysis method.And then foundation will be established for exploring the ancient treatment rules of diabetes.The comparison and mutual reference of the above three methods can reveal disease essence and their mutual relationship in the different levels,which had an important technology signifi cance.

Objective To optimize the extraction techique for Qingrejiedu oral liquid.Methods The amount of water, extraction time , extraction times and alcohol content were used as inspection factor, 3 levels per factor, with baicalin, chlorogenic acid , geniposide transfer rate and extraction rate as indexes,carries on Weighted comprehensive evaluation,the optimal extractin were screened by L9 (34 ) orthogonal test.ResuIts The optimal extraction condition of Qingrejiedu oral liquid were as follow:extraction for 3 times and 1h each time with 8-fold amount of water and 70% alcohol. ConcIusion Through the orthogonal test, the extraction process of Qingrejiedu oral liquid is designed reasonably, the result is reliable, and the extraction effect is good, and has higher application value.

AIM and METHODS:To study the effect of Nao-xue-bao at three different doses on blood coagulation，platelet aggregation by observing the changes in activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), antithrombin-Ⅲ(AT-III), fibrinogen(Fng), plasminogen(Plg) and platelet aggregation(PAG). RESULTS:Compared with thrombosis group, the rats treated with Naoxuebao showed that the plasma APTT,PT were longer, and the activity of AT-III was increased. The content of Fng was reduced, TT was longer, there was a negative correlation between Fng and TT. Furthermore PAG-1, PAG-5 and PAG-M were reduced. CONCLUSION:Nao-xue-bao could inhibit thrombosis in different keys of blood coagulation.