Objective To investigate the associations of IFNL3/IFNL4 single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)with the efficacy of highly active antiretroviral therapy(HAART)in patients with HIV-1 infection.Methods Sixty-three adult patients with HIV-1 infection receiving HAART for at least 1 year in the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine were enrolled.HIV-1 RNA loads in plasma and HIV-1 DNA loads in peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs),and blood SNPs were detected by quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qPCR).Plasma inflammatory cytokines were examined by magnetic beads method,and the CD4 +T and CD8 +T lymphocyte counts in peripheral blood were measured by flow cytometry.According to response to HAART,the patients were classified as low HIV-1 RNA group(viral load <100 copies/mL)and high HIV-1 RNA group(viral load≥100 copies/mL);according to CD4+T lymphocyte counts,the patients were defined as low CD4+T cell group(<250 cells/μL), and high CD4+T cell group(≥250 cells/μL);according to HIV-1 DNA levels,the patients were divided into low(<100 copies/106cells)and high(≥100 copies/106cells)HIV-1 DNA groups.Results Three candidate SNPs rs368234815,rs8099917 and rs4803223 had significantly different distribution between low and high HIV-1 RNA groups(χ2=0.043,0.047 and 0.032,all P<0.05).The levels of interleukin(IL)-10 were declined in the low HIV-1 RNA group(U=4.00,P<0.05);the levels of IL-13 were decreased in the high HIV-1 RNA group and the high HIV-1 DNA group(U=0.00 and 2.00,both P<0.05);the levels of IL-21 were reduced in the high HIV-1 RNA group and in the low CD4 +T cell group(U=3.00 and 2.00, both P<0.05),the levels of IL-28A were decreased in the high HIV-1 RNA group,the high HIV-1 DNA group,and the low CD4 +T cell group(U=3.00, 0.50 and 3.00,P<0.05 or <0.01).In addition, rs368234815 was associated with IL-21 level(H=6.690,P<0.05),the IL-21 level in rs368234815 ΔG/ΔG [131.88(2.66,174.00)]was higher than that in TT/TT[6.79(2.81,26.48)](P<0.05);rs4803223 was correlated with IFN-γlevel(H=6.690, P<0.05),the IFN-γlevel in GG subtype[62.26(19.45, 96.49)]was higher than that in GA subtype[6.98(2.19, 99.14)](P<0.05).Conclusion The polymorphisms of IFNL3/IFNL4 rs368234815, rs8099917 and rs4803223 are associated with efficacy of HAART and immune-associated cytokines levels in patients with HIV-1 infection.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the predictive value of overall longitudinal strain for the development of cardiomyopathy without hypertrophic changes. METHODS: Sixty five patients with suspected hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) but without hypertrophic changes were selected. Genetic variant, overall longitudinal strain, left ventricular ejection fraction, end diastolic volume, end systolic volume, interventricular septal thickness, left ventricular diameter and end diastolic diameter were detected. The risk factors of HCM were analyzed. RESULTS: Forty four variants of 16 genes were identified, among which MYBPC3 13659G>A was the commonest (73.20%) and MYH7 13252C>T was the second (31.25%). MYBPC3 GG genotype, overall longitudinal strain and apical longitudinal strain were correlated with HCM (P<0.05). CONCLUSION The increase of longitudinal strain is of great value in predicting the occurrence of HCM.

Objective:To investigate clinical efficacy of curved fenestration and drainage procedure for the treatment of nail root abscess.Methods:From June 2018 to October 2020, 72 patients with nail root abscess were included in Department of Dermatology, Henan Armed Police Corps Hospital. According to the size, location and severity of the abscess, minimally invasive curved fenestration and drainage procedure was performed under nerve block anesthesia to reduce the pressure and drain the pus. Dressing change was strengthened after surgery, and wound healing was monitored.Results:Among the 72 patients, there were 37 males and 35 females, and their ages varied from 39 to 80 years (average: 63 years) . They all received curved fenestration and drainage procedure. Fifteen days after surgery, 66 cases were cured, 6 obtained marked improvement, and the response rate was 100%. Lesions did not completely subside in 1 patient due to poor blood glucose control and small exposure area at the fenestration site, while the condition of other patients was effectively controlled. Telephone follow-up was conducted 3 months after surgery, and no obvious nail defects or deformed appearance was observed in any of the cases.Conclusion:Curved fenestration and drainage procedure is a simple approach for nail root abscess, with satisfactory efficacy.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical significance of endoscopic vidian neurectomy (EVN) on outcomes in patients with coexisting refractory allergic rhinitis (AR) and bronchial asthma, and to analyze its influence factor.Methods:Clinical data of 109 patients with moderate to severe persistent intractable AR and bronchial asthma who were allocated to the bilateral EVN group (surgery group, 70 cases) or conservative medication group (drug group, 39 cases) from 1 May 2008 to 30 April 2013 in Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University were retrospectively analyzed, including 47 cases of male and 62 cases of female aged (32.7±6.8) years.Ninety-five patients were followed up for at least 3 years. The Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (RQLQ), Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (AQLQ), Total Asthma Symptom Score (TASS), forced expiratory volume in 1 second of predicted (FEV1) and medication scores were evaluated at 6 months, 1 year and 3 years after undergoing the initial treatments in the two groups. Multiple factor analysis was used to determine the factors influencing the improvement after EVN.Results:Postoperative scores of RQLQ were significantly lower than preoperative scores during follow-up in surgery group (the preoperative score and postoperative score at 6 months, 1 year, 3 years after operation was 2.39±0.61 ( ± s), 0.81±0.43, 0.89±0.32, 1.06±0.24, respectively, all P<0.001). Postoperative scores of VAS were significantly lower than preoperative scores during follow-up in surgery group (the preoperative score and postoperative score at 6 months, 1 year,3 years after operation was 7.13±1.04, 2.52±1.47, 2.70±1.42, 2.85±1.64, respectively, all P<0.05). Scores of RQLQ and VAS in surgery group were significantly lower than those of drug group. Postoperative scores of AQLQ were significantly higher than preoperative scores during follow-up in surgery group (the preoperative score and postoperative score at 6 months, 1 year, 3 years after operation was 3.78±0.81, 4.99±0.45, 4.75±0.71, 4.62±0.64, respectively, all P<0.05), and were significantly higher than those of drug group. The TASS and FEV1 were not significantly changed in surgery group. The postoperative medication scores for AR were gradually reduced after surgery (the preoperative score and postoperative score at 6 months, 1 year, 3 years after operation was 0.99±0.21, 0.37±0.12, 0.39±0.26, 0.45±0.11, respectively, all P<0.05), and the postoperative medication scores for Asthma were gradually reduced after surgery too (the preoperative score and postoperative score at 6 months, 1 year, 3 years after operation was 1.27±0.31, 0.82±0.29, 0.85±0.23, 0.96±0.19, respectively, all P<0.05), and all the postoperative medication scores were significantly lower than those of drug group. At the end of the follow-up, the improvement rates for AR and asthma were 90.6% (58/64) and 45.3% (29/64), respectively. Asthma outcomes were significantly improved by controlling rhinitis symptoms in patients whose asthma attacks were induced by "rhinitis onset" or "climate change" . Conclusion:For patients with AR and bronchial asthma, EVN can significantly control AR symptoms, and improve asthma outcomes in patients whose asthma attacks are induced by rhinitis onset and/or climate change.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the effect of 7 antipsychotic drugs on the life quality of schizophrenia patients including chlorpromazine, sulpiride, clozapine, risperidone, olanzapine, quetiapine, and aripiprazole. METHODS: A total of 1,227 stable schizophrenic patients within 5 years onset who took 1 of the 7 study medications as maintenance treatment were followed up for 1 year at 10 China sites. Patients were evaluated by the short form-36 health survey (SF-36) at the baseline and at the end of 1 year. RESULTS: The life quality was improved obviously at the end of the follow-up. There was significant difference in body pain, vitality, and mental health (P<0.05) among these antipsychotic drugs. CONCLUSION All 7 antipsychotic drugs can improve the life quality of schizophrenia patients. Atypical antipsychotic drugs, especially olazapine and quetiapine, are superior to typical antipsychotic drugs in improving life quality.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Antipsychotic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Benzodiazepines ; therapeutic use ; Dibenzothiazepines ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Olanzapine ; Quality of Life ; Quetiapine Fumarate ; Schizophrenia ; drug therapy ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult

Osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF) can lead to lower back pain and may be even accompanied by scoliosis, neurological dysfunction and other complications, which will affect the daily activities and life quality of patients. Vertebral augmentation is an effective treatment method for OVCF, but it cannot correct unbalance of bone metabolism or improve the osteoporotic status, causing complications like lower back pain, limited spinal activities and vertebral refracture. The post-operative systematic and standardized rehabilitation treatments can improve curative effect and therapeutic efficacy of anti-osteoporosis, reduce risk of vertebral refracture, increase patient compliance and improve quality of life. Since there still lack relevant clinical treatment guidelines for postoperative rehabilitation treatments following vertebral augmentation for OVCF, the current treatments are varied with uneven therapeutic effect. In order to standardize the postoperative rehabilitation treatment, the Spine Trauma Group of the Orthopedic Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association organized relevant experts to refer to relevant literature and develop the "Guideline for postoperative rehabilitation treatment following vertebral augmentation for osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (2022 version)" based on the clinical guidelines published by the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons (AAOS) as well as on the principles of scientificity, practicality and advancement. The guideline provided evidence-based recommendations on 10 important issues related to postoperative rehabilitation treatments of OVCF.