Objective To study the preliminary effects of percutaneously looped thread transection on the surgical treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). Methods A total of 72 cases (103 sides) were treated from January 2012 to Decem?ber 2014 (27 males and 45 females, aged 22-94 years, with an average of 51.3 years). Among all the cases, 21 cases (30 sides) were treated with open decompression and 51 cases (73 sides) were treated with percutaneously looped thread transection. We did the incision in the ulnaris hypothenar pattern, revealed and cut off the transverse carpal ligament to decompress the carpal tunnel in the open surgery. Percutaneously looped thread transection was under the guidance of ultrasound, threading from the deep and shallow transverse carpal ligament, respectively, forming loops to cut off and decompressed the carpal tunnel. We observed the me?dian nerve aspect ratio (the ratio of length to width of the uncinatum median nerve on transverse section) and swelling ratio (the ra?tio of area of median nerve on transverse section of pisiform and distal radius) under ultrasound before, during and 3 months after operation. Telephone follow?up was conducted in postoperative 3 months according to the Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire (BCTQ) to evaluate the symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome and wrist joint function. Results There were 11 cases lost in the fol?low?up, and 61 cases were followed up for 3 to 27 months, with an average of 11.6 months. The preoperative BCTQ scores of open decompression group and looped thread transection group were 28.5±4.6 and 29.4±5.3, respectively. There was no statistically sig?nificant difference between two groups (t=1.34, P=0.528). The postoperative 3 months BCTQ scores were 16.3±5.7 and 15.7±4.9. There was no statistically significant difference between two groups (t=1.12, P=0.674). The median nerve aspect ratios measured under ultrasound of open decompression group before and 3 months after operation were 3.8 ± 0.7 and 2.6 ± 0.4, respectively. The swelling ratios were 2.3±0.4 and 1.2±0.3. The difference of preoperative and postoperative changes was statistically significant (P<0.05). The median nerve aspect ratios measured under ultrasound of looped thread transection group before and 3 months after op?eration were 3.9±0.6 and 2.7±0.5, respectively. The swelling ratios were 2.1±0.3 and 1.4±0.4. The difference of preoperative and postoperative changes was statistically significant (P<0.05). There were no infection, poor healing, blood vessel and nerve damage after operation in both two groups. Conclusion Percutaneously looped thread transaction under ultrasound for the surgical treat?ment of CTS has less trauma and rapid recovery. It can improve the symptoms of median nerve stimulation, restore the morphology and function of the median nerve and reach the same effects as the open decompression surgery.

Objective To induce the immune tolerance of heart grafts with infusion of isogeneic bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in heart transplant rats.Method Donor Wistar rats and recipient F344 rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:acute rejection group (group A),Wistar rats as the donors and F344 rats as the recipients for heart transplantation; low dose cyclosporin A(CsA) group (group B),recipient F344 rats given low dose CsA; BMSCs group (group C),recipient F344 rats given isogeneic BMSCs; BMSC and low dose CsA group (group D),the recipient F344 rats given isogeneic BMSCs and low dose CsA.The serum cytokine levels were determined,and the donor heart pathological changes and survival were observed postoperatively.The relative level of Foxp3 mRNA expression in the spleen of the recipient F344 rats was also observed.Result The blood levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interferon-γ(INF-γ) were significantly reduced,but IL-4 and IL-10 levels were increased (P＜0.05),and the survival time of donor heart was significantly prolonged in group D as compared with groups A,B and C (P＜0.05 for all).Heart pathological examination revealed a mild acute rejection in group D,moderate acute rejection in groups B and C group,and severe acute rejection in group A respectively.The expression of Foxp3 mRNA was significantly lower in group A than in groups B,C and D (P＜0.05 for all),and that in group D was significantly higher than in groups B and C (P＜0.05 for both),but there was no significant difference between between groups B and C (P＞0.05).Conclusion Intravenous administration of BMSCs can alleviate immunorejection in heterotopic rat heart transplantation.Low-dose CsA acts synergistically with BMSCs to significantly inhibit acute rejection after heart transplantation.The partial mechanisms involve the suppressive effect of BMSCs on the expression of Foxp3 mRNA and modulation on cytokine.

Background and Objectives: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) show considerable promise in regenerative medicine. Many studies demonstrated that BMSCs cultured in vitro were highly heterogeneous and composed of diverse cell subpopulations, which may be the basis of their multiple biological characteristics. However, the exact cell subpopulations that make up BMSCs are still unknown. Methods: and Results: In this study, we used single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq) to divide 6,514 BMSCs into three clusters. The number and corresponding proportion of cells in clusters 1 to 3 were 3,766 (57.81%), 1,720 (26.40%), and 1,028 (15.78%). The gene expression profile and function of the cells in the same cluster were similar. The vast majority of cells expressed the markers defining BMSCs by flow cytometry and gene expression analysis. Each cluster had at least 20 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). We conducted Gene Ontology enrichment analysis on the top 20 DEGs of each cluster and found that the three clusters had different functions, which were related to self-renewal, multilineage differentiation and cytokine secretion, respectively. In addition, the function of the top 20 DEGs of each cluster was checked by the National Center for Biotechnology Information gene database to further verify our hypothesis. Conclusions This study indicated that scRNA-Seq can be used to divide BMSCs into different subpopulations, demon-strating the heterogeneity of BMSCs.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the predictive value of overall longitudinal strain for the development of cardiomyopathy without hypertrophic changes. METHODS: Sixty five patients with suspected hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) but without hypertrophic changes were selected. Genetic variant, overall longitudinal strain, left ventricular ejection fraction, end diastolic volume, end systolic volume, interventricular septal thickness, left ventricular diameter and end diastolic diameter were detected. The risk factors of HCM were analyzed. RESULTS: Forty four variants of 16 genes were identified, among which MYBPC3 13659G>A was the commonest (73.20%) and MYH7 13252C>T was the second (31.25%). MYBPC3 GG genotype, overall longitudinal strain and apical longitudinal strain were correlated with HCM (P<0.05). CONCLUSION The increase of longitudinal strain is of great value in predicting the occurrence of HCM.

A number of research has shown that the plant polyphenol resveratrol,one of the most prominent small molecules,has beneficial protective effects in multiple organisms,including worms,flies,and killifish.To understand the effects of resveratrol on lifespan,we evaluated its effects in the silkworm Bombyx mori.In this study,we found that lifespan was significantly prolonged in both female and male silkworms treated with resveratrol.Silkworm larval weight was significantly increased from day 3 of the 5th larval instar(L5D3) to day 7 of the 5th larval instar (L5D7).However,the weight of the pupa,cocoon,and total cocoon was not significantly different in female silkworms with resveratrol treatment than that in controls.Meanwhile,resveratrol significantly improved the thermotolerance of the silkworms,which enhanced their survival rate.Moreover,antioxidant activity was increased by resveratrol in both female and male silkworms.Furthermore,an antioxidant-related signalling pathway,SIRT7-FoxO-GST,was activated in silkworms with resveratrol treatment.Collectively,these results help us to understand the molecular pathways underlying resveratrol induced pro-longevity effects and indicate that silkworm is a promising animal model for evaluating the effects of lifespan-extending drugs.

Objective:To investigate the effects of of anti tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in adjuvant treatment of strangulated intestinal obstruction combined with ischemic intestinal necrosis.Methods:From February 2011 to August 2016 in Huadu District People′s Hospital Affiliated with Southern Medical University, 122 patients with strangulated intestinal obstruction combined with ischemic intestinal necrosis were selected and were equally divided into the experimental group and control group with 61 cases in each group according to the random draw envelope principle. Conventional surgical resection and anastomosis was used in control group, the postoperative anti TNF-α therapy was given for 2 weeks based on the treatment in control group.Results:All patients completed surgery and there were no serious complications during operation.The postoperative anal exhaust time and symptom remission time in experimental group were significantly lower than those in control group: (2.14 ± 0.41) d vs. (6.24 ± 1.28) d and (3.54 ± 0.77) d vs. (6.99 ± 0.91) d ( P<0.05). The incidence of postoperative 14 d complications such as anastomotic leakage, wound infection, anastomotic stenosis and pulmonary infection in the experimental group was 4.9%(3/61), and that of the control group was 18%(11/61), and the incidence of postoperative complications in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group ( P<0.05). The postoperative 1d and 7 d serum TNF-α content in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group ( P<0.05). The postoperative 14 d anal function in the experimental group was significantly better than that in the control group ( P<0.05). MRASP and MSP of postoperative 14 d in experimental group were all significantly higher than those in the control group: (80.24 ± 11.39) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) vs. (76.24 ± 12.11) mmHg, (231.98 ± 45.29) mmHg vs. (226.39 ± 41.87) mmHg ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The anti TNF-α in adjuvant treatment of strangulated intestinal obstruction combined with ischemic intestinal necrosis can promote the recovery of clinical symptoms and inhibit the release of TNF-α. It also can reduce the incidence of postoperative complications and improve gastrointestinal motility of patients.

Osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF) can lead to lower back pain and may be even accompanied by scoliosis, neurological dysfunction and other complications, which will affect the daily activities and life quality of patients. Vertebral augmentation is an effective treatment method for OVCF, but it cannot correct unbalance of bone metabolism or improve the osteoporotic status, causing complications like lower back pain, limited spinal activities and vertebral refracture. The post-operative systematic and standardized rehabilitation treatments can improve curative effect and therapeutic efficacy of anti-osteoporosis, reduce risk of vertebral refracture, increase patient compliance and improve quality of life. Since there still lack relevant clinical treatment guidelines for postoperative rehabilitation treatments following vertebral augmentation for OVCF, the current treatments are varied with uneven therapeutic effect. In order to standardize the postoperative rehabilitation treatment, the Spine Trauma Group of the Orthopedic Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association organized relevant experts to refer to relevant literature and develop the "Guideline for postoperative rehabilitation treatment following vertebral augmentation for osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (2022 version)" based on the clinical guidelines published by the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons (AAOS) as well as on the principles of scientificity, practicality and advancement. The guideline provided evidence-based recommendations on 10 important issues related to postoperative rehabilitation treatments of OVCF.

Bone Transplantation/adverse effects* ; Transplantation, Autologous/adverse effects*