Objective:To investigate hard-tissue changes in borderline cases with extraction and non-extraction during treatment and follow-up stages.Methods:Five associate professors,who were from Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology,were asked to make judgment on the cases with full pre-treatment records for discriminating the borderline cases from extraction and non-extraction cases.Fifty-four borderline cases with full treatment records which had been out of treatment for at least 2 years were followed.Twenty-one cases with follow-up records were collected including 8 extraction cases and 13 non-extraction cases.Cephalometric measurements were preceeded in IDAS(Image and Database Analysis System) software program.Results:In extraction group,significant changes of SNB,SNPg in A-P direction and that of ArGo/ANSMe,MP/SN in vertical direction were present during the follow-up stage,while the overjet was stable.In non-extraction group,only decrease of proclination of lower incisor and increase of overjet were present without any skeletal changes during the follow-up stage.In comparison of the two groups,no skeletal and dental changes showed statistically significant difference except for MP/SN and ArGoGn in pre-treatment stage,while dental characteristics in relation to upper and lower incisor(L1/NB,L1-NB,L1-AP,U1-AP,U1/L1) showed statistically significant difference between the two groups after treatment.But in follow-up stage,the skeletal and dental pattern tended to be similar for both groups only except for the proclination of lower incisor.Conclusion:The similarities of skeletal and dental pattern are demonstrated in extraction and non-extraction group before treatment.Dental changes are the major post-treatment changes in the two groups.In follow-up stage,counter-clockwise rotation of mandible is unique in extraction group,which is likely a hepful factor for stability of overjet,while lingual tipping of lower incisor in non-extraction group without skeletal changes may contribute to overjet relapse.

Objective To study the mechanism of paraquart-induced renal injury in rats,the expression of heine oxygenase-2(HO-1) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS).Methods 84 adult healthy Spragne-Dawley (SD) rats (female and male in half) were randomly divided into two groups,the control group (group A,n=42) and the paraquart group (group B,n=42).The rats in group B were treated with paraquart (25 mg/kg) intraperitoneally,the rats in group A were treated with the same dose of normal saline.Its histopathological change,the expression of HO-1,iNOS and evaluate the mRNA expression of HO-1 were observed.Results ①In group A,the tissue structure was clear without abnormal.In group B,there were obvious lesions in the renal tubule of cortical part,including cellular swelling,the canula narrow,the mesenchymal congestion and edema.These pathologic changes gradually reached the peak on the 1st day,and did not relieved till the end ofthis study.②In group A,there was no or weak expression of iNOS.At the 3rd hour,the expressions of iNOS in group B were observed in the kytoplasm of renal tubular epithelial cell and glomemlar endothelial cell of cortical part.It reached the peak on the 1st day and continued at a high level after that.③ In group A,there was no or weak expression of HO-1 and HO-1 mRNA.At the 3rd hour,the expressions of HO-1 in group B were observed in the membrane and kytoplasm of renal tubular epithehal cell of cortical part,immunohistochemistry score(IHS) was higher,the expression of HO-1 mRNA increased,there was a statistical significance between group B and group A(P<0.05).It reached the peak on the 1st day,and then decreased,there were 110 statistical difference between group B and group A on the 5th day(P>0.05).Conclusions HO-1 and iNOS ale involved in the procedures of renal injury,but its mode of action and regulating path still need further study.

0.05).But the female offspring in exposure group showed weaker capability of spatial location compared with that of male offspring in exposure group(P

Objective:To determine the accuracy of volumetric analysis of teeth in vivo using cone beam computed tomography(CBCT).Methods: The physical volume(Vw) of 24 bicuspids extracted for orthodontic purposes(16 were imaged with the i-CAT and 8 with the CB MercuRay before extraction) was determined using water displacement technique.Corresponding pre-treatment CBCT image data were uploaded into Amira 4.0 for segmentation and radiographic volume(Va).All measurements were performed twice by two observers.The statistical difference between Vw and Va was assessed using a paired t-test.The intra-and inter-observer reliability was determined by calculating Pearson correlation coefficients and intraclass correlation coefficients(ICC).Results: The overall mean Vw of teeth specimens was 0.553?0.082 cm3,while the mean Va was 0.548?0.079 cm3,0.529?0.078 cm3 for observer 1,and 0.567?0.085 cm3 for observer 2.There were statistically significant differences between Va and Vw(P

Traumatic stress in the normal individual results in activation of the sympatho-adrenal system causing a rise in noradrenaline and adrenaline, acute phase response in liver ,and activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical(HPA)system resulting in elevated levels of cortisol. Studies in animals and in humans with posttraumatic stress disorder indicate that successful adaptation to stress is a prerequisite for the survival of all organisms living in an enviroment in which noxious stimuli are constantly present.

Objective:To investigate the remodeling of alveolar process following anterior teeth retraction. Methods: Cephalograms of pretreatment (T1), posttreatment (T2) and follow-up (T3) of 55 cases with four first premolars extracted were collected as the study samples. All the lateral head films were traced on the acetate. Palate best fit superimposition was used to transfer pretreatment SN to posttreatment and follow-up cephalograms and to evaluate the displacement of upper incisor teeth roots and the remodeling of alveolar bone. The average of the two measurements was processed by SPSS statistical package. Results:The CRE of upper incisor moved backward 1.8 mm(P05) in SN frame of reference. The width of alveolus on the labial side at the same level increased 0.2 mm (P

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for the determination of residuals of petroleum ether,ethanol,xylene and ace-tic acid in ecabet sodium crude drug. METHODS:Capillary GC was performed on the column of PGE-20M capillary column at the flow rate of 1.7 ml/min,detector was hydrogen flame ionization detector,carrier gas was nitrogen with high purity,column temper-ature was 45 ℃,maintaining 4 min,it increased to 80 ℃ with rate of 10 ℃/min,then increased to 135 ℃ with rate of 30 ℃/min,maintaining 3 min,the injection mode was direct injection,inlet temperature was 250 ℃,and the volume injection was 1.0 μl. RESULTS:The mass concentration was 0.050-1.952 g/L for petroleum ether,0.050-1.941 g/L for ethanol,0.024-0.948 g/L for xy-lene and 0.050-1.947g/L for acetic acid(r=0.999 1-0.999 7);RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were no more than 1.7%;recoveries were 99.3%-101.0%(RSD=0.7%,n=9),102.3%-103.7%(RSD=0.4%,n=9),101.2%-102.1%(RSD=0.3%,n=9) and 100.3%-102.2%(RSD=0.6%,n=9),respectively. CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple and accurate,and can be used for the control of residual of organic solvents in ecabet sodium crude drug.

Objective:To compare hard tissue morphology by cephalometric measurements between extraction and non extraction orthodontic treatment in borderline cases. Methods: The samples consisted of 33 cases selected as borderline cases by 5 orthodontic specialists. They were divided into 21 extraction cases (including 13 four first premolar extraction cases and 8 second premolar extraction cases) and 12 nonextraction cases by checking patients’ treatment records. Conventional cephalometric analysis was made to compare hard tissue structures before and after orthodontic treatment and the same comparison was made between two different extraction patterns. Results: No statistical difference was found on pretreatment hard tissue morphology between extraction and non extraction groups divided from borderline cases. The SNB angle of the four first premolars extraction group was smaller than that of the four second premolars extraction group by (4.0?1.3)?( P

40? or 40?)comprised 10 cases and the hypodivergent group (MP-SN

Objective: To explore the correlation between glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level and severity of coronary artery disease in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods: Clinical data of 515 patients, who hospitalized in department of cardiology and received coronary angiography (CAG) examination, were analyzed. According to CAG results, they were divided into CHD group (n=370) and normal CAG group (n=145); according to HbA1c level, CHD patients were further divided into HbA1c<7% group (n=282) and HbA1c≥7% group (n=88), according to SYNTAX score, they were divided into SYNTAX score low risk group (n=181, 1~22 scores), intermediate risk group (n=125, 23~32 scores) and high risk group (n=64, ≥33 scores). HbA1c level was compared and analyzed among all groups. Results: Coronary SYNTAX score of HbA1c≥7% group was significantly higher than that of HbA1c<7% group [(25.6±9.97) scores vs. (20.92±10.26) scores, P<0.01]. HbA1c levels in high risk and intermediate risk groups were significantly higher than those of normal CAG group and low risk group [(8.74±0.83) scores, (7.74±0.62) scores vs. (5.12±0.49) scores vs. (5.68±0.59) scores], P<0.01 all, and that of low risk group was significantly higher than that of normal CAG group, , P<0.01 all. Pearson correlation analysis indicated that HbA1c level was positively correlated with coronary SYNTAX score (r=0.764, P<0.01). Conclusion: Glycosylated hemoglobin level is positively correlated with severity of coronary artery disease. Its level in those with higher SYNTAX score is significantly higher than those with low SYNTAX score.