The 39th annual meeting of the European Association of Urology was successfully held in Paris, France from April 5 to April 8, 2024. This meeting deeply discussed many clinical hotspots and controversial topics in the field of urinary control. This article mainly introduces the diagnosis, treatment and related clinical translation research of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), overactive bladder (OAB), neurourology, and urinary incontinence that were focused on at the conference.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequencies of deafness gene mutations among patients with non-syndromic hearing loss (NSHL) from northern Jiangsu province. METHODS: A total of 117 patients with NSHL were enrolled. The coding region of GJB2 gene, IVS7-2A>G and 2168A>G mutations of SLC26A4 gene, and 1555A>G and 1494C>T mutations of mitochondrial DNA 12S rRNA were subjected to Sanger sequencing. Patients in whom no mutation was detected were further tested by targeted gene capture and high-throughput sequencing. RESULTS: Among the 117 patients, 86 (73.50%) were found to carry mutations. GJB2 gene mutations were found in 61 patients (52.14%), including 22 (18.80%) with homozygous mutations and 39 (33.33%) with heterozygous mutations. SLC26A4 gene mutations were found in 19 patients (16.24%), including 4 (3.42%) with homozygous mutations and 15 with heterozygous mutations (14.53%). Mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene mutation was found in 6 patients (5.13%). Targeted gene capture and high-throughput sequencing of 8 patients identified 4 further cases, including 1 with RDX gene 129_130del and 76_79del compound heterozygous mutations, 1 with OTOF gene 1274G>C homozygous mutation, 1 with SLC26A4 gene 919-2A>G and IVS16-6G>A compound heterozygous mutation, and 1 with SLC26A4 gene 919-2A>G and A1673T compound heterozygous mutation. CONCLUSION The frequency of mutation among patients with NSHL from north Jiangsu was 73.50%, and GJB2 gene was most commonly mutated.
China ; Connexins ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; DNA, Mitochondrial ; Hearing Loss ; genetics ; Humans ; Membrane Proteins ; Mutation ; Sulfate Transporters

Objective:To investigate the therapeutic effect of robot-assisted percutaneous screw fixation in LC-II pelvic fractures.Methods:A total of 46 patients with Young-Burgess LC-II pelvic fractures, who underwent surgical treatment at Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital from December 2019 to June 2022, were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 27 were male and 19 were female, with an average age of 39.78±15.11 years (range, 19-68 years). The causes of injury were traffic accidents (28 cases) and fall from height (18 cases); all the cases were Type B pelvic fractures according to the Tile classification. The patients were divided into two groups based on the surgical approach: the robot group (26 cases) treated by Tianji robot-assisted percutaneous screw fixation, and the actual screw group (20 cases) treated by minimally invasive internal fixation under fluoroscopic guidance. The surgical time, blood loss, number of guide wire adjustments, the success rate of initial screw placement, postoperative vertical and horizontal displacement, and postoperative pelvic fracture reduction quality (Matta score) were compared between the two groups. Visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to assess patients' pain levels before and one week after surgery, and the clinical efficacy was evaluated using the Majeed score at the final follow-up. The occurrence of complications such as infection, vascular and nerve injury, and screw breakage was all recorded during the follow-up.Results:All patients successfully underwent the surgery and were followed up for an average of 11.93±3.09 months (range, 5-15 months). A total of 84 percutaneous screws were applied in the 46 cases, with 47 screws in the robot group and 37 screws in the actual screw group. The surgical time and number of guide wire adjustments were 81.27±4.90 minutes and 0.58±0.76 times in the robot group, 102.95±8.73 minutes and 5.80±2.24 times in the actual screw group, with significant differences ( t=-10.68, P<0.001; t=-11.13, P<0.001). There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of intraoperative blood loss and postoperative vertical and horizontal displacement ( P>0.05). The success rate of initial screw placement in the robot group was 98% (46/47, 44 excellent, 2 good, 1 poor), while in the actual screw group, it was 86% (32/37, 27 excellent, 5 good, 5 poor), with a significant difference (χ 2=4.05, P=0.044). The VAS scores at one week postoperatively were 3.38±1.20 in the robot group and 6.80±1.61 in the actual screw group, with a significant difference ( t=-8.25, P<0.001). The excellent rate of Matta score after surgery was 92% in the robot group and 85% in the actual screw group, and the Majeed scores at the final follow-up were 86.54±3.10 and 85.7±2.20 respectively, with no significant difference between the two groups ( P>0.05). All patients achieved primary healing; no complications such as infection or screw breakage occurred during the follow-up period. Conclusion:Robot-assisted percutaneous access screw fixation for LC-II pelvic fracture can achieve accurate reduction of pelvic fracture, and is characterized by short operative time, low radiation exposure, and high safety and accuracy.

During the epidemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the infection of the elderly population will bring great challenges to clinical diagnosis and treatment, outcome and management.Combined with the characteristics of anesthesia and the pathophysiological characteristics of COVID-19 on lung function impairment in elderly patients, Chinese Society of Anesthesiology formulated the " Recommendations for anesthesia management and infection control in elderly patients with COVID-19″. This recommendation expounds preoperative visit and infection control, anesthesia management protocol, anesthesia monitoring, anesthesia induction/endotracheal intubation, anesthesia maintenance and infection control, intraoperative lung protection strategy, anti-stress and anti-inflammatory management, hemodynamic optimization, infection control during emergence from anesthesia, and postoperative analgesia in elderly patients with COVID-19, and provides the reference for the safe and effective implementation of anesthesia management in elderly patients during the prevention and control of COVID-19 epidemic.