1.Analysis of anxiety influencing factors of computer department students in vocation selecting period
Zhene CHEN ; Jisheng TANG ; Tianliang ZHANG
Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science 2008;17(3):263-265
Objective To explore the anxiety influencing factors of students of computer department in vocation selecting period.Methods A total of 363 students of computer department in periods of vocational selection were assessed with 16PF, SCL-90, Coping Style Questionnaire,and Vocational Selection Anxiety Questionnaire for University Graduate. Results The anxiety score of students of computer department in vocation selecting period were much higher statisticaly than the Chinese youth norm(t=6.631,P=0.000).The results of multivariable stepwise regression showed that the major factors affecting the anxiety score of the students were anxiousness (stb=0.24928,t=4.72,P<0.000),press of employment compete(stb=0.22126,t=4.54,P<0.000),apprehension(stb=0.18320,t=3.36, P=0.001),vigilance (stb=0.15002,t=3.16, P=0.002), family-incompleteness (stb=0.09474,t=2.17, P=0.031)et al. Conclusion The anxiety score were affected by many factors. Unhealthy personality such as high vigilance and high anxiousness are the internal factors of the vocation selecting anxiety, press of employment compete is only the inducing factor. Family-incompleteness has adverse effect on response ability of the students.
2.Improvement of lesion detection in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma using 131I SPECT/CT
Xuemei YE ; Chunyan ZHANG ; Chen ZHANG ; Tianliang CHEN ; Bin LONG
Chinese Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging 2014;34(2):100-102
Objective To evaluate the incremental value of 131I SPECT/CT over 131I whole body scan (WBS) in the patients with DTC.Methods A total of 97 patients with DTC (31 males,66 females,mean age:44.1 years,age range:17 to 74 years) were retrospectively reviewed.All subjects underwent 131I WBS and SPECT/CT after 131I treatment.The images were interpreted by 2 experienced nuclear medicine physicians.The final diagnosis was based on the pathologic findings and clinical follow-up.The diagnostic accuracies between 131I WBS and 131I SPECT/CT were compared using x2 test with SPSS 13.0.Results 131I WBS detected 175 lesions (128 neck and 47 distant lesions),while 131I SPECT/CT found 176 lesions (128 neck and 48 distant lesions).Out of the 176 lesions,78 were confirmed as benign and 95 as malignant,including 51 lesions in thyroid bed,67 cervical lymph nodes or local residual lesions,7 lesions related to local physiological uptake,30 distant metastases and 18 distant foci due to physiological uptake.The other 3 lesions were still in follow-up.The sensitivity and specificity of 131 I WBS was 73.7% (70/95) and 78.2% (61/78),respectively.The accuracy of 131I WBS (106/173,61.3%) was lower than that of 131I SPECT/CT (171/173,98.8%; x2=72.3,P<0.05).131I SPECT/CT corrected the diagnosis of 131I WBS in 67 lesions,including 37 local lesions (37/128,28.9%) and 30 (30/48,62.5%) distant metastases.The sources of error for the 67 lesions were due to wrong location (n =27) or wrong characterization (n =40).Compared with 131I WBS,131I SPECT/CT changed the location in 27 lesions,clinical staging in 8 cases and therapeutic strategy in 14 cases.Conclusions 131 I SPECT/CT could improve the differentiation of malignant local lesions from residual thyroid,of distant metastatic lymph node,lung or bone lesions from physiological uptake.Such incremental values would be valuable to the management of DTC patients compared with WBS.
3.Research about the antitumor function of atractylodes macrocephala koidz volatile oil
Zong ZHANG ; Hongxiang ZHANG ; Tianliang SHI ; Yuying LIU
Cancer Research and Clinic 2006;0(12):-
Objective To study the function of atractylodes macrocephala koidz volatile oil for transplanted tumor in animals. Methods The animal model of transplanted tumor-ECA was used. The anti-tumor function of atractylodes macrocephala koidz volatile oil was observed. Results Atractylodes macrocephala koidz volatile oil can suppress ECA when given at 100 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg doses into abdominal cavity. When a larger dose at 150 mg/kg was given, the life-span of mice can extended to 197 %. Conclusion Atractylodes macrocephala koidz volatile oil can suppress tumor effectively.
4.A phantom study of the influence of tube voltage on image quality and radiation dose in DR chest radiography
Yunfu LIU ; Zongrui ZHANG ; Tianliang KANG ; Wentao MA ; Yantao NIU
Chinese Journal of Radiological Medicine and Protection 2015;35(9):713-716
Objective To investigate the influence of tube voltage on image quality and radiation dosage to subjects in chest digital radiography (DR).Methods An adult chest phantom was exposed in the range of 80-130 kV with the interval of 10 kV and the automatic exposure control (AEC) setting was selected from-4 to 4.The entrance skin dose (ESD) of the phantom was measured,and the relative noise,contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) and the effective dose of each exposure was calculated.Results The ESD was (0.062 9 ±0.027 4) mGy,and the effective dose was (0.012 7 ±0.004 5) mSv.The effective dose increased linearly with the ESD,and there was a positive correlation (r =0.912,P < 0.01).When the tube voltage was held constant,the relative noise decreased as the effective dose increased (r =-0.967,-0.969,-0.968,-0.969,-0.968,-0.970,P < 0.01).The CNR increased with the effective dose increasing under the same tube voltage(r =0.987,0.987,0.986,0.987,0.988,0.989,P <0.01).The ESD and effective dose decreased as the kV values increased under the same AEC,and the degree of decrease could be up to 50% and 20%.The relative noise decreased as the kV values increased under the same AEC,and the degree of decrease could be up to 23%.The CNR values increased up to 8%.Conclusions The use of higher kVp in chest digital radiography can reduce the radiation dose to some extent
5.The influence of bismuth shielding on image quality and radiation dose to eye lens in sinus multi-detector CT
Yantao NIU ; Zongrui ZHANG ; Yongxian ZHANG ; Senlin GUO ; Tianliang KANG ; Yunfu LIU
Chinese Journal of Radiology 2014;48(4):324-327
Objective To explore the influence on image quality and the reduction of radiation dose to eye lens when using bismuth shielding in sinus MDCT.Methods The standard water phantom was scanned using clinical scanning protocols of sinus in 16-MDCT,and the images were acquired with none,1 layer,2 layers and 3 layers of bismuth shielding severally.Using the above protocol,the cadaveric head was scanned with no shield,1,2 and 3 layers of bismuth shielding material covered on both eyes,and the organ dose to eye lens in each scanning was measured with thermoluminescence dosimeter (TLD).The sponge with the thick of 0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0 cm was placed between the shielding material and the surface of subjects separately and the radiation doses to eye lens was measured with sinus scanning conditions in the same way.The CT values of phantom with the distances of 2.0,4.0,6.0 and 8.0 cm to shield material were measured.The influence of bismuth artifacts on anatomic structures was evaluated as well.Results The organ doses to the eye lens in the sinus clinical CT were 20.0 mGy.Doses decreased significantly to 13.7,10.9 and 9.4 mGy separately when using 3 types of bismuth shielding thickness.With different thicknesses of shielding material,the greater the shield gap,the smaller the degree of reduction of organ dose,but the increasment of CT value was significantly reduced.Using 1-layer shield no gap and 2-layer shield with 1.5 cm gap in sinus MDCT,the radiation doses were reduced to 13.7 and 13.1 mGy with the reduction rates of 31.5% and 34.5% respectively.Conclusion The reasonable bismuth shielding can effectively reduce the radiation dose to eye lens in sinus CT on the premise of ensuring image-diagnostic quality.
6.Research of using image noise characteristic to evaluation image quality in digital mammography
Tianliang KANG ; Yantao NIU ; Yunfu LIU ; Zongrui ZHANG ; Yongxian ZHANG ; Jing LI ; Haiyun LI
Chinese Journal of Radiology 2012;46(10):932-936
ObjectiveTo find the proper way of assessing the image noise characteristic through the analysis of noise characteristic in the digital mammographic images.MethodsThe CDMAM phantom was firstly exposed with different filter materials and tube voltages in the range of 23 to 35 kVp at a fixed tube current 90 mAs,then exposed with different filter materials and tube current in the range of 20 to 200 mAs at a fixed tube voltage 29 kVp.The parameters such as background standard deviation,joint standard deviation,subtracted standard deviation and relative standard deviation were calculated and measured from both 60 pixels of signal disc and background beside of the disk for all the images.The IQFinvs were calculated for the achieved images.Non-parametric rank sum tests were used to compare the difference of the background standard deviation,joint standard deviation and subtracted standard deviation,t test was used to compare the IQFinvs between Mo and Rh filers in each group.ResultsWith the same exposure parameters in the test above,the maximum value was the background standard deviation,while the subtracted standard deviation was the minimum,and the value of joint standard deviation was in the middle. With other parameters unchanged,the values of three kind of standard deviation increased with the increasing of tube voltage or tube current,while the differences between them getting more significant.Under the condition of 90 mAs and Mo filter material,background standard deviation,joint standard deviation,subtracted standard deviation were 10.91,10.34 and 9.87,the results were 11.24,10.57 and 9.96 while Rh filter material was used,significant difference was found ( x2 =26.0,P < 0.01 ). Under the condition of 29 kVp and Mo filter material,background standard deviation,joint standard deviation,subtracted standard deviation were 12.30,11.61 and 11.05,the results were 12.29,11.58 and 10.87 while Rh filter material was used,significant difference was found( x2 =20.0,P < 0.01 ).The IQFinvs were 149.14 ± 23.87 and 139.16 ± 23.14 under the condition of 90 mAs and Mo filter material ( t =9.129,P < 0.01 ).The IQFinvs were 149.75 ±34.85 and 145.2 ±34.64 while the parameters were 29 kVp and Rh filter material(t =1.304,P >0.05 ).The value of relative standard deviation decreased with the increasing of tube voltage or tube current,and the image quality got better with the decreasing of relative standard deviation.ConclusionRelative standard deviation is suitable not only for the expression of the digital mammographic images,but also for the evaluation of the image quality.
7.Radiation dose reduction to the lens of eye with bismuth shielding in head and neck MSCT
Yantao NIU ; Yaoyao SONG ; Yongxian ZHANG ; Senlin GUO ; Zongrui ZHANG ; Tianliang KANG ; Yunfu LIU
Chinese Journal of Radiological Medicine and Protection 2015;35(2):149-152
Objective To explore the effects on image quality and dose reduction to the lens when using bismuth shielding in head and neck MSCT.Methods The standard phantom and the cadaveric head with none,1,2 and 3 layers of bismuth shielding were scanned with protocols of brain,temporal bone and paranasal sinuses using a 16-MDCT scanner.The organ dose to the lens in each scanning was measured with thermoluminescence dosimeters(TLD).The above scanning with sinus protocol was repeated with a sponge with thickness of 5,10,15 and 20 mm placed between the shielding and phantom/head.The CT attenuation of phantom with the distance of 2,4,6 and 8 cm to shielding were measured.The image quality was subjectively evaluated by 2 physicians.Results The organ doses of the lens with protocols of brain,temporal bone and sinuses were 24.31,27.60 and 20.01 mGy,respectively.The doses were decreased significantly when using bismuth shielding.With the increase of the shield gap,the degree of dose reduction was reduced,but the increasing degree of CT attenuation significantly reduced.Using 2-layer and 3-layer bismuth shield in brain and temporal bone CT scan,the radiation doses were reduced by 47.1% and 59.1%,respectively while maintaining the diagnostic image quality.Using 1-layer shield without gap and 2-layer shield with 1.5 cm gap in sinus CT,the radiation doses were reduced by 31.5% and 34.5%,respectively.Conclusions Reasonable usage of bismuth shielding can effectively reduce the radiation dose to the lens of eye in head and neck MSCT.
8.Empirical study for sensitized dendritic cells in the treatment of bladder tumor
Dongzi PANG ; Zhenguo MI ; Hongyao LIU ; Mengqiang LI ; Liansheng REN ; Tianliang SHI ; Shaoyun ZHANG ; Cunzhi HAN
Cancer Research and Clinic 2008;20(11):737-739
Objective To study the effects of sensitized dendritic cells in the treatment of bladder tumor and further discuss the mechanism of this immunotherapy. Methods 44 female F344 rats, which irrigated N-methyl-N-nitrosourea into bladders every other week for a total of five doses, were induced to bladder tumor. They were treated subcutaneously with either PBS, unsensitized DC, freeze thawing supernatant of tumor cells, or sensitized DC respectively every week for a total of four times. In the fifteenth week, their bladders were weighted and harvested for observation by naked eye and microscope, their blood was harvested for examination CTL by FCM. Results The weight of bladders in sensitized DC group was lower than those in PBS group, unsensitized DC group and freeze thawing supernatant of bladder tumor cells group (P<0.05). The stages of bladder tumor in sensitized DC group were statistically descended compared with those in PBS group (P <0.05). The CD+3 T cells in sensitized DC group was lower than those in PBS group, unsensitized DC group and freeze thawing supernatant of bladder tumor cells group (P <0.05). The CD+3 CD+8 CD+28 T cells in sensitized DC group was higher than those in PBS group, unsensitized DC group and freeze thawing supematant of bladder tumor cells group(P <0.001). Conclusion Sensitized DC injecting subcutaneously can reduce the stages of F344 rats' bladder tumor, Unsensitized DC injecting subcutaneously has not effect in the treatment of bladder tumor;, while the effect of freeze thawing supematant of tumor cells injecting subcutaneously is not well. The mechanism of sensitized DC in the treatment of blader tumor is that DC plays an immunol killing role by presenting antigen, stimulating CTL.
9.Dosimetry and efficacy of high intensity focused ultrasound in the treatment of pancreatic cancer
Tianliang SONG ; Yang WU ; Jie LI ; Wenzhi GUO ; Wenlong ZHAI ; Shuijun ZHANG
Chinese Journal of Hepatobiliary Surgery 2014;20(1):39-42
Objective To study the efficacy and the safe dosage of high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) ablation in pancreatic cancer.Methods From November 2010 to May 2013,21 patients with advanced pancreatic cancer were treated by HIFU at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University.These patients who were randomly divided into two groups (10 and 11 patients respectively),were given a low-power (100~249 W) treatment and a high power (250 ~350 W) treatment.These two groups of 21 patients received a total of 25 times of HIFU treatment (3 patients received twice of low-power treatment,while 1 patient received twice of high-power treatment).The two groups were compared by analyzing the treatment parameters (average power,total treatment time,treatment total energy,treatment volume,etc.) and volume of tumour response as shown on postoperative imaging (CT or MRI) examinations.Also,the complications,degree of pain relief and survival were compared.The energy efficiency factor (EEF) and the ablation ratio were calculated.A preliminary study was conducted on the relationship of the ultrasound dose and the ablation effect of HIFU treatment for pancreatic cancer.Results (1) The EEF of the high-power group (≥250 W) and the low-power group (< 250 W) were (10.39 ± 5.71) J/mm3 and (21.62 ± 9.81) J/mm3,the former group was significantly lower than the latter group (P <0.05) ; the ablation ratio of the high-power group was higher than the low-power group,(91.52 ± 4.18)% versus (51.59 ± 7.66)% respectively,the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.001).(2) The efficiency factor and the ablation volume for the HIFU treatment showed a linear trend,and both were negatively correlated (Pearson correlation coefficient r =-0.485,P < 0.05).(3) There was no serious complication after the HIFU treatment.In the low-power group,six of ten patients were alleviated of his pain (60%) ; the CA19-9 decreased in four of ten patients after HIFU treatment (40%).In the high-power group,nine of eleven patients were significantly relieved of pain after treatment (82%),the CA19-9 decreased in five of nine patients after HIFU treatment (56%).(4) On Kaplan-Meier survival analysis,HIFU treatment of patients with pancreatic cancer,the median survival was 8 months and 9 months in the low-power group and high power group,respectively (Log-rank test x2 =0.05,P =0.944).Conclusion During HIFU treatment of patients with pancreatic cancer,if the ultrasound power was between 250 W and 350 W,there was a higher proportion of tumor ablation,but with no serious complications.Thus,this dose was safe.
10.Study of the application of low tube potemtial scanning in dacryocystography CT
Lei ZHU ; Yunfu LIU ; Tianliang KANG ; Yongxian ZHANG ; Qinggang XU ; Yongzhe WANG ; Yantao NIU
Chinese Journal of Radiological Medicine and Protection 2021;41(3):212-216
Objective:To investigate the feasibility of the application of low tube potential scanning in dacryocystography CT.Methods:The mixture of iohexol and saline with the ration of 1∶3 as the dacryocyst was set on the nose wing of the head-neck phantom. The phantom was scanned at 80, 100, 120, 140 kV with appropriate mAs to set the volume CT dose index(CTDI vol)at 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 or 40 mGy. All the images were objectively evaluated to find out the optimal scanning parameters of 80 kV/240 mAs with the same contrast-to-noise ratio(CNR)of conventional scanning condition of 120 kV/180 mAs. A total of 62 patients who conducted dacryocystography CT in Beijing Tongren Hospital from November 2019 to July 2020 were prospectively selected. They were randomly divided equally into conventional scanning group with 120 kV/180 mAs and low tube potential group with 80 kV/240 mAs. The CT number, noise (SD) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of the two groups were measured as the objective evaluation indicators of image quality. The subjective evaluation was performed by two senior radiologists using a double-blind method and a 5-scale system evaluation. Results:For the phantom study, the CNR was positively correlated with CTDI vol under the same tube potential ( r=0.985, 0.965, 0.971, 0.972, P < 0.05). With the same CNR, the radiation dose decreased with lower tube potential. Under the conventional scanning parameters of 120 kV/180 mAs, the CNR was 27.8. At the same CNR, the optimal scanning parameters were 80 kV/240 mAs. For the clinical study, the CTDI vol of conventional scanning group and low tube potential group were 31.2 and 12.8 mGy respectively, 59% decreased in low tube potential group. There were statistically significant differences in CT number of dacryocyst area, CT number of orbital fat area and noise between the two groups ( t=-3.476, 2.601, -5.704, P < 0.05). There was no statistically significante difference in CNR between 2 groups( P>0.05). Two observers had a good consistency ( Kappa >0.75). There was no statistically significante difference in subjective rating between 2 groups( P>0.05). Conclusions:Low tube potential scanning could obtain satisfactory image quality in dacryocystography CT at much lower radiation dose.