Objective To explore the clinical value of serum CA125 and HE4 combined with transvaginal color Doppler(TVCD)examination in early screening of ovarian cancer among high-risk populations.Methods The included research subjects were divided into 3 groups:100 cases in the healthy group,80 cases in the high-risk group and 32 cases in the ovarian cancer group.The serum CA125 and HE4 levels and ultrasonic scores were compared among 3 groups.Results The HE4 and CA125 levels and ultrasound scores in the ovarian cancer group were significantly increased compared with the other two groups,the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.01);the positive detection rate of CA125 plus HE4 levels combined with ultrasonic examination in the high-risk group was higher than that of other detection method(P＜0.05);the sensitivity and specificity of CA125+HE4 combined with vaginal ultrasound screening were obviously higher than those of other screening method,the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05);the specificity of HE4 was significantly higher than that of CA125,but its sensitivity was lower than that of CA125(P＜0.05).Conclusion CA125 and HE4 combined with TVCD is helpful for early screening of ovarian cancer in high-risk populations,easy to save medical cost and improves its detection rate.

Objective To know the vaccination status of BCG in Gaoxin district of Chongqing and explore the associated impact factors on seroconversion rate .Methods PPD was used to test the seroconversion status after PDG vaccination in infants under 3 months .Results There was no significant differences of seroconversion rate between different sex ,birth weight and vaccination age (P>0 .05) .But the rate was significantly higher in infants with normal birth weight than that in fetal macrosomia which was signif-icantly higher than that in low-birth weight .The rate was significantly decreased in infants of 1-2 months ,2-3 months and 0-1 months in order .The rate of infant with vaccination scar was significantly higher than that without scar (χ2 =80 .057 ,P<0 .01) . Conclusion There was no significant differences of seroconversion rate between different sex ,birth weight and vaccination age ,and the scar can indirectly show the seroconversion condition of vaccination .

Objective To investigate the chemical preventive effect of matrine on ethyl nitrate nitroguanidine nitrate induced gastric cancer in rats. Methods 100 male Wistar rats were selected and randomly divided into four groups,each had 25 rats ,treated with different drugs respectively.Rats in the negative control group (group A)freely drunk water;each rat in gastric carcer model group (group B)drunk ethyl nitrate nitroguanidine nitrate (ENNG)1.5 mg/d by themselves;gastric cancer model rats of experimental group (group C)drunk matrine 150 mg/(kg · d)ethyl nitrate nitroguanidine nitrate (ENNG)150mg/(kg·d)by themselves;negative control group (group D)rats drunk matrine for injection 150 mg/(kg·d)by themselves.Rats were killed after 24 weeks,rats were observed on gastric mucosa change by naked eye and microscope ,and detected proliferating cell nucleus antigen (PCNA)of stomach tissue ,levels of serum transforming growth factorβ1 (TGF-β1 )and B cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 (Bcl-2).Results Canceration rate [64.00% (16/25)]of the rat gastric mucosa in Group B was significantly higher than that in group C [12.00% (3/25)],and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05 );PCNA,TGF-β1 and the Bcl-2 level of rats in group C was lower than those in group B,and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05 );after raising 24 weeks,change rate of gastric mucosa atrophy and hyperplasia in group B were significantly higher than those of group C,and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05 );after raising 24 weeks,there was no cancerous changes on gastric mucosa in group A and D ,and the change of gastric mucosa atrophy and hyperplasia had no obvious difference,there was no statistically significant difference.Conclusion Matrine could inhibit rat gastric cancer induced by ENNG by lowering PCNA,TGF-β1 and the Bcl-2 levels,which provides evidence for the potential chemical preventive effect on human gastric cancer.

In recent years, antiangiogenic drugs based on VEGF and VEGFRs signaling pathway have been widely used in the treatment of malignant tumors. Apatinib is an orally bioavailable small-molecule antiangiogenic agent and can specifically inhibit the tyrosine kinase activity of VEGFR, thereby inhibiting tumor angiogenesis. Apatinib is the first-level recommendation of third-line treatment of gastric cancer in CSCO Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastric Cancer published in 2018. Apatinib has been proved to be effective and safe in gastric, lung and breast cancers. In addition, the drug shows great potential in the treatment of a variety of solid tumors. This article reviews the recent progress on the mechanism, clinical efficacy, related efficacy predictors of apatinib and its combination with other antitumor drugs.

Objective To obtain myoclonic epilepsy with ragged-red fibers (MERRF)-specific cardiomyocytes by the differentiation in vitro of inducing pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) derived from a MERRF patient and evaluate the application of the prepared cardiomyocytes in construction of MERRF syndrome model.Methods The patient-derived iPSCs and H9 embryonic stem (ES) cells,the control cell line,were unidirectionally differentiated into cardiomyocytes n in vitro.The obtained cardiomyocytes were identified and validated by detecting the presence of cardiomyocyte-specific markers using immunofluorescence staining and RT-PCR.The beating frequencies were recorded to compare the functional evaluation for the two groups of cardiomyocyte.Results Both the patient-derived iPSC and H9 ES cells were differentiated into cardiomyocytes successfully.The average beating frequencies of MERRF-induced cardiomyocytes (iCMs) were 13,24,15 and 18 times/min on the day 10,13,15 and 16 during the cell differentiation process.The average beating frequencies of H9-iCMs were 80,96,120 and 120 times/min,respectively.The beating ability of iPSC-differentiated cardiomyocytes was significantly lower than that of corresponding control (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The patient-derived iPSCs may differentiated into cardiomyocytes.Based on the functional evaluation for these cardiomyocytes,the model for MERRF syndrome with mitochondrial mutations was generated and characterized in vitro.

The Choledochal cyst is an extremely rare congenital anomaly of the bile duct. Early cyst resection and Roux-en-Y hepatojejunostomy are the primary surgical methods for treating choledochal cyst. With the emergence of enhanced recovery after surgery, laparoscopic surgery has effectively reduced the incidence of biliary complications and wound infections, but it still does not meet people's requirements for minimally invasive surgery. Robotic surgery system has the potential to enhance surgical precision and the maneuverability of surgeons due to clear surgical visualization and flexible mechanical arms. The authors review the relevant literatures and conduct a Meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of robot-assisted surgery and laparoscopic surgery for choledochal cyst.