BACKGROUND:Porcelain jacket crowns have achieved good results in the repair of porcelain ceramic crown and bridge colapse.
OBJECTIVE:To test the bond strength of single porcelain jacket crown, thus determining the feasibility of clinical application of repairing colapsed crown and fixed bridge by porcelain jacket crown, and meanwhile to discuss the influence between blastsanding and silane coupling agent treatment on the metal bonding strength in the repair of porcelain fracture.
METHODS: The porcelain jacket crown was cast in the same shape from disk-shaped waxpatterns. Twenty specimens were chosen without blowholes and casting defects and they were al routinely burnished and cleaned in an ultrasonic bath and dried using an oil-free air stream stand-by. Then we randomly divided the specimens into four groups: specimens were treated with nothing (control), sandblast, silane coupling agent and sandblast+silane coupling agent, respectively. Each of the specimen was bonded with Poly-F Plus. AG-10TA universal testing machine was used to test the tensile strength.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The tensile bond strength of control, sandblast, silane coupling agent and sandblast+silane coupling agent groups respectively were (0.68 0.04), (1.00 0.02), (1.31 0.08), and (1.09 0.04) kN. There were significant differences between groups (P < 0.01). In the control group, the metal surface was smooth, showing some irregular smal superficial veins. In the sandblast group, the metal surface showed irregular scaly protrusions conducive penetrate adhesives. In the silane coupling group, the metal surface manifested a honeycomb structure in favor of chimeric adhesives. The sandblast+silane coupling agent group showed some metal projections ranging in size, on the rough metal surface, which was conducive to bond. Porcelain jacket crown applied to repair colapsed crown and fixed bridge is feasible. Sandblasting and silane coupling agent can improve bond strength of porcelain jacket crown. The bond strength of metal specimens treated with silane coupling agent is the best folowed by the sandblasting+silane coupling agent.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a kind of refractory diseases, characterized by clonal proliferation of malignant plasma cells. Thanks to the wide application of new drugs such as proteasome inhibitors and immunomodulators, the survival time of MM patients has been prolonged obviously. Cellular immunotherapies like genetically modified T cell, activated marrow-infiltrating lymphocytes, dendritic cell vaccines, natural killer cells and donor lymphocyte infusion have made great progresses in the field of MM management recently, following the stable advance in clinical trials. This review discusses the recent progress of cellular immunotherapy for MM.