Psoriasis is one of the most prevalent autoimmune skin diseases. However, its etiology and pathogenesis are still unclear. Over the last decade, omics-based technologies have been exten-sively utilized for biomarker discovery. As a result, some promising markers for psoriasis have been identified at the genome, transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome level. These discoveries have provided new insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways in psoriasis pathogenesis. More importantly, some of these markers may prove useful in the diagnosis of psoriasis and in the prediction of disease progression once they have been validated. In this review, we summarize the most recent findings in psoriasis biomarker discovery. In addition, we will discuss several emerging technologies and their potential for novel biomarker discovery and diagnostics for psoriasis.

Child and adolescent mental disorders are common disorders with various symptoms,and attracting more attention due to the increasing prevalence.Mental disorders,especially the attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and the autism spectrum disorder (ASD),have great influence on the development of children and adolescents.Nowadays,the biomarkers from neuroimaging such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have a great importance on the diagnosis of mental disorders,and machine learning has been proved to be very powerful in the processing for neuroimages.Nowadays,many researchers are focusing on the studies of computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) based on machine learning and neuroimaging.In this review,the technical details of machine learning based CAD of child and adolescent mental disorders are briefly introduced,and the research progress in CAD of ADHD and ASD based on machine learning and structural MRI are summarized.These studies showed that many machine learning methods have been used in the diagnosis of child and adolescent mental disorders,but the relevant methods cannot be applied to clinical diagnosis.Further studies should be conducted to improve the diagnostic ability of machine learning methods from multiple perspectives,and provide an objective and reliable tool for the clinical diagnosis of child and adolescent mental disorders.

Objective　 To investigate gene rearrangement and p53 expression i n defining the nature of angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy. Methods　 DNA was ext racted from paraffin-embedded tissue blocks of 44 angioimmunoblastic lymphaden o pathy (AIL) patients and analyzed with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for IgH and TCRγ gene rearrangement. Immunohistochemistry staining was used to detect p53 protein expression. Thirty-five cases were followed-up. Results　 12 out of 44 cases(27.3%) showed TCRγ gene rearr angement and 2 (4.5%) showed IgH gene rearrangement. Rearrangement of both IgH a nd TCRγ genes were detected in 2 cases(4.5%). 14 cases (31.8%) showed p53 posit i ve expression, among which 12 showed positive rearrangement and 2 showed negative (P<0.01). Eight out of 11 patients of p os itive gene rearrangement died in one year, while only 3 patients were still aliv e at the eighteenth month of follow-up, three of 24 patients of negative gene r earrangement were found dead at the time of the one year follow-up, while the r est 21 patients were alive and the longest survival time was 96 months. Conclusions　 Gene rearrangement can define th e pathological nature of AIL. The expression of p53 is highly related to gene r earrangement, and thus an important immunological marker in research on AIL.

【Objective】 To guide the scientific and rational platelet transfusion in clinical and reduce refractory platelet transfusion by constructing a nomogram prediction model for the efficacy of platelet transfusion. 【Methods】 The basic information of 298 patients underwent prophylactic transfusion of apheresis platelet in our hospital from 2019 to 2020 was collected, including gender, age, blood group, number of blood transfusions, hours before expiration, platelet count before and after transfusion, body temperature after transfusion, and splenomegaly. Potential risk factors causing refractory platelet transfusion were screened out by univariate logistic regression analysis, and the independent risk factors were further evaluated by multivariate binary logistic regression. The independent risk factors were then imported into Rstudio software to fit the effect prediction nomogram mode, which was verified by bootstrap repeated sampling,, evaluated by ROC, and calibrated by Calibration. 【Results】 212 out of 298 apheresis platelet transfusions were effective, with the effective rate at 71.14%. The binary logistic regression analysis showed that the non-immune factors causing refractory platelet transfusion were gender, blood transfusions≤ 4 occasions, blood transfusion more than 4 occasions, body temperature, splenomegaly, and platelet count before transfusion; the OR value and 95% CI were: 3.773 (1.796~7.924), 29.081 (8.668~97.568), 10.416 (1.525~71.134), 7.376 (3.145~17.301), 17.385 (6.428~47.018), and 0.947 (0.904~0.992), respectively. Regression model Hosmer-Lemeshaw test P value was 0.805. The AUC of fitted nomogram prediction model was 0.895, 95% CI (0.855~0.936). 【Conclusion】 The independent risk factors causing refractory platelet transfusion are gender, body temperature, number of blood transfusions, splenomegaly and platelet count before transfusion. The area under the curve of the fitted nomogram prediction model is 0.899, which has a good predictive ability and presents the probability of ineffective transfusion visually and quantitatively, so as to guide scientific and rational use of platelets, and reduce refractory platelet transfusion.

Cell culture is one of the usual methods for studying living cell and tissue, the method presented in this paper is based on image processing and analyzing technology for activity estimation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The existing activity estimation methods are costly, complex and invasive. In this method, thresholding is used to preprocess image and to separate out the growth hallow. Then the area is calculated by counting the pixels of the growth hallow. The changes of the activity estimated by this method are similar to those by corresponding cellular experiments. Compared with the existing methods in biology, medicine or medical cellular science, this method is easier, faster, cost-effective and non-invasive. The proposed method has been proved to be efficient by primary experiments of MSCs.
Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Femur ; cytology ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; methods ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

This study was designed to investigate the effects of some Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) agents on bone resorption and morphometric features of osteoclasts as well as their relationships. TCM ShengGuZaiZaoSan and XianLingGuBao, were used to treat the experimental fracture. Thirty 6-month-old Chinchilla rabbits were used for the establishment of animal models each with a 3 mm bone defect in the middle of left radius as well as of right radius. These models were divided randomly into 3 groups : ShengGuZaiZaoSan Group (Group A), XianLingGuBao groups (Group B) and control-group (Group C). Every group was further divided into 2 subgroups: a former sacrificed group (14 days after operation) and a latter sacrificed group (31 days after operation). After the rabbits being killed, the samples of their undecalcified calli were subjected to the morphometry study of bone resorption and osteoclasts. Group A had more bone resorption, compared with Group B and C. Both Groups A and B exhibited some changed morphometric features of osteoclasts as compared with Group C (P < 0.05). Simple correlation analysis indicated that bone resorption is mainly correlated with osteoclast numbers, and that in individual group, bone resorption is correlated with osteoclast form factor, area and mean photodensity (P < 0.05). These allow us to conclude that ShengGuZaiZaoSan can increase bone resorption and accelerate bone remodeling by increasing osteoclast numbers at the former stage and can enhance osteoclast function at the latter stage. These changes are beneficial to fracture healing.
Animals ; Bone Remodeling ; drug effects ; Bone Resorption ; physiopathology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Fracture Healing ; drug effects ; physiology ; Male ; Osteoclasts ; drug effects ; pathology ; Phytotherapy ; Rabbits ; Radius Fractures ; drug therapy ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Random Allocation

The purpose of this article is to evaluate the role of quantitative margin features in the computer-aided diagnosis of malignant and benign solid breast masses using sonographic imaging. The tumour was seperated by the expert. Three contour features circurity (C), area ratio (A) and length width ratio (LWR) was caculated from the tumour contour. Then back-propagation (BP) neural network with contour features was used to classify tumors into benign and malignant. Results from 119 ultrasonic images have been applied in this experiment. BP neural network yielded the following results: 89.7% and 73.5% respectively. The methods applied in this paper are helpful to raise the correctance of breast cancer diagnosis.
Breast Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; methods ; Neural Networks (Computer) ; Ultrasonography

Objective:To evaluate the long-term prognosis and recurrence of young liver transplant recipients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Methods:Based upon the database of liver transplantation center, clinical data were retrospectively reviewed for 39 young recipients(18~40 years)and 158 middle-aged and elderly recipients(over 40 years)from 2013 to 2017. The parameters of overall survival(OS), recurrence-free survival(RFS)and disease-specific survival(DSS)were compared between two groups.Cox's proportional hazard model was utilized for evaluating the prognostic factors.Results:Significant inter-group difference existed in recurrence rate of HCC. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed no significant difference in OS rate(1/3-year OS, 82.1%, 66.7% and 86.1%, 74.7%, P>0.05)and DSS rate(1/3-year DSS, 94.9%, 82.1% and 99.4%, 91.1%, P=0.053); RFS rate(1/3-year RFS, 51.3%, 41.0% and 73.0%, 62.7%, P=0.008)showed significant differences; Cox multivariate analysis revealed that AFP>400 μg/L was an independent risk factor for OS, DSS and RFS; poorly differentiated tumors and positive micro-vascular invasion(MVI)were independent risk factor for DSS; poorly differentiated tumors and total tumor size >5 cm were independent risk factors for RFS. Conclusions:Although RFS of young adult group is worse than that in middle-aged and elderly group after LT, no significant inter-group difference exists in OS or DSS. And LT is still a quite effective treatment for young HCC patients.

Objective:To study the relationship of pathogenic bacteria in midstream urine culture and stone composition of patients characteristics with infection stones.Methods:Between January 2016 and December 2020, 989 patients with infectious stones who attended Tsinghua Chang Gung Hospital, affiliated with Tsinghua University, for surgical treatment were enrolled in the study. There were 545 male and 444 female patients, with the mean age (48±14) years. The left and right side stones were 396 and 333, respectively. There were 260 bilateral stones, 264 single stones, 334 multiple stones, and 391 deer-stalker-shaped stones. The maximum diameter of stones was (33.4±26.5)mm, combined with diabetes in 109 cases and hypertension in 235 cases. Clean middle-urine was collected for bacterial culture, and intraoperative stone specimens were collected by percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). Personal characteristics of the patient such as gender, age, body mass index, clinical information such as stone size, location, comorbidities, results of urine culture and stone composition were recorded. The differences of infectious stone composition was analyzed between urease-producing, non-urease-producing bacteria.Results:Among the 989 patients with infectious stones, 259 were pure infectious stones, 131 were mixed infectious stones, and 599 were combined with infectious stone components. Urine cultures were positive in 627(63.4%) patients with infectious stones. The predominant urease-producing bacteria included Ureaplasma urealyticum(94 case), Proteus mirabilis(58 case), and Staphylococcus spp.(36 case). Pure infectious stones were common in Proteus mirabilis, while combined with infectious stone components were common in Ureaplasma urealyticum and Staphylococcus spp. The predominant non-urease-producing bacteria included Escherichia coli(175 case), Enterococcus spp.(76 case) and Streptococcus spp.(35 case). Escherichia coli commonly contained in infectious stone components and pure infectious stones, whereas Enterococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. commonly contained in infectious stone components. Escherichia coli (61 case), Proteus mirabilis (44 case) and Enterococcus spp.(20 case) were the most common bacteria in 259 cases of pure infectious stones. Escherichia coli (36 case), Enterococcus spp. (14 case) and Ureaplasma urealyticum (10 case) were the most common bacteria in 131 cases of mixed infectious stones. The most common bacteria in 599 cases of combined infectious stones were Escherichia coli (78 case), Ureaplasma urealyticum (68 case) and Enterococcus spp. (42 case).Conclusions:Urease producing bacteria were not common in infectious stones. It was common for the Ureaplasma urealyticum in combined infectious stone components, while Escherichia coli was common in pure and combined infectious stone components.

ObjectiveTo investigate the situation and development trend of the disease burden of acute hepatitis B in China in 1990 — 2019. MethodsThe Global Burden of Disease 2019 was used to analyze the incidence rate， mortality rate， and disability-adjusted life year （DALY） rate of acute hepatitis B in different sex and age groups and predict the trend of the incidence rate of acute hepatitis B. ResultsIn 2019， the incidence rate， mortality rate， and DALY rate of acute hepatitis B in China were 1 623.71/100 000， 0.20/100 000， and 10.04/100 000 respectively， which were reduced by 42.03%， 79.38%， and 80.21%， respectively， compared with the data in 1990， and women showed lower incidence rate， mortality rate， and DALY rate of acute hepatitis B than men. In 2019， the 20～<54 years group had the highest incidence rate （2 285.85/100 000） and DALY rate （10.53/100 000）， and the ≥55 years group had the highest mortality rate of 0.52/100 000. The Joinpoint regression model analysis showed that the incidence rate， mortality rate， and DALY rate of acute hepatitis B in China tended to decrease from 1990 to 2019， with an average annual percent change of -1.9%， -5.2%， and -5.5%， respectively （P<0.05）. The grey prediction model GM （1，1） showed that the incidence rate of acute hepatitis B will decrease from 2020 to 2030 in China. ConclusionThe disease burden of acute hepatitis B tended to decrease from 1990 to 2019 in China， indicating that the prevention and treatment measures for acute hepatitis B have achieved a marked effect in China； however， due to the large population base of China， active preventive measures should be further adopted to reduce the disease burden of acute hepatitis B.