Objective To explore the value of pediatric end-stage liver disease (PELD)score system in predicting prognosis after pediatric living donor liver transplantation (LDLT). Methods Clinical data of 101 infants undergoing living-donor liver transplantation from October 2006 to December 2012 in Department of Liver Surgery in Affiliated Renji Hospital of School of Medicine of Shanghai Jiaotong University,were analyzed retrospectively. All infants were diagnosed as biliary atresia. PELD scores before LDLT were graded. According to PELD scores,all the patients were divided into two groups:low score group (PELD score <16,n=62) and high score group (PELD≥16,n =39 ).The basic data during perioperative period and incidence of postoperative complications were compared between two groups. Results There were significant differences in age and body weight between two groups (both in P<0.05 ). But there was no significant difference between the two groups in gender,graft to recipient weight ratio (GRWR),cold isehemia time and intraoperative blood loss (all in P>0.05 ). The incidence of lung infection and biliary complications in high score group were significantly higher than those in low score group. Conclusions Preoperative PELD score can be used in predicting prognosis after pediatric LDLT and provide a reference for the treatment,caring and nursing during perioperative period of pediatric LDLT. For infants with high PELD score before operation,the care of perioperative complications should be enhanced.