Objective To analyze the causes of complications by pediatric fiberoptic bronchoscopy and find out the nursing measures. Method The clinical data of 60 children undergoing fiberoptic bronchoscopy were reviewed to analyze the causes of complications and concluded the nursing measures. Result Twelve in the sixty children contracted complications, including 4 cases of cyanotic , 4 cases of throat injury and 2 cases of laryngeal spasm . Conclusion Such measures as psychological nursing before operation to the children and their families for their cooperation, intraoperative oxygen suction, quick clinical examination, avoidance of frequent negative pressure suction and close observation of complications are of great importance for preventing complications induced by fiberoptic bronchoscopy.

OBJECTIVETo develop a solvent desorption gas chromatographic method for determination of n-pentanol in the workplace air.

METHODSn-Pentanol in the workplace air was collected with activated carbon tubes, desorbed with 2% 2-propanol in carbon disulfide, separated with a nitroterephthalic acid-modified FFAP capillary column, and detected with flame ionization detector.

RESULTSThe limit of detection was 0.2 mg/L; the lower limit of quantification was 0.6 mg/L; the linear range was 0.6-4072.0 mg/L. The minimum detectable mass concentration was 0.2 mg/m3 for 1.5 L of air sample. This method was highly repeatable. The relative standard deviations were 2.3%-5.4%. The average desorption efficiencies were 86.9%-94.2%. The absorption efficiencies were 100%. The breakthrough volume was above 8.0 mg in 100-mg activated carbon. The samples in activated carbon tubes could be stored for at least 14 days at room temperature.

CONCLUSIONThe method is feasible for determination of n-pentanol in the workplace air.

2-Propanol ; Air Pollutants, Occupational ; analysis ; Carbon Disulfide ; Charcoal ; Chromatography, Gas ; Limit of Detection ; Pentanols ; analysis ; Solvents ; Workplace

Environmental Monitoring ; methods ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; methods ; Humans ; Industry ; Volatile Organic Compounds ; analysis

Aluminum ; blood ; Humans ; Spectrophotometry, Atomic ; methods

OBJECTIVETo establish the method of capillary column gas chromatography for determination of ethylene glycol in workplace air.

METHODSEthylene glycol in workplace air was collected with silicone tube, desorbed with methanol, separated with FFAP (nitroterephthalic acid-modified polyethylene glycol)capillary column, and measured with flame ionization detector.

RESULTSThe detection limit of ethylene glycol was 0.41 mg/L, the lower limit of quantification was 1.4 mg/L, the range of measurement was 1.4~163.9 mg/L, and the minimum detectable concentration was 0.3 mg/m3 (1.5 L of air was collected as the sample). This method had a good repeatability, the relative standard deviation was 1.4%~5.2%, the average desorption efficiency was 94.4%~101.7%, and the sampling efficiency was 99.2%~100%. The penetrating capacity of 200 mg silicone was higher than 6.9 mg, and the samples could be preserved for 14 days at room temperature.

CONCLUSIONThe method has a low detection limit, high accuracy, and good precision, which is feasible for determination of ethylene glycol in workplace air.

Air Pollutants, Occupational ; analysis ; Chromatography, Gas ; Ethylene Glycol ; analysis ; Workplace

Objective:To investigate the effects of docetaxel, Carboplatin combined with radical cervical cancer surgery on the expression of serum tumor markers and Th1/Th2 cytokines in patients with cervical cancer.Methods:96 patients with cervical cancer from Aug. 2018 to Aug. 2020 were selected as the study subjects. They were randomly divided into operation group and chemotherapy + operation group according to random number table method. Surgical group underwent radical hysterectomy (laparoscopic hysterectomy + pelvic lymph node dissection), chemotherapy + surgery group received docetaxel + Carboplatin adjuvant chemotherapy before operation. Serum tumor markers [CEA, CA125, CA19-9, squamous epithelium fine] were compared between the two groups. The expression of SCC, Th1/Th 2 cytokines [IFN-gamma, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6] and the occurrence of bone marrow suppression were evaluated.Results:There was no significant difference in serum CEA, CA125, CA19-9 or SCC between the two groups before treatment ( P>0.05), but they were significantly decreased after treatment ( P<0.05). After treatment, IFN-γ [ (20.58±3.52) ; (25.69±3.61) ] and IL-2 [ (24.68±4.46) ; (29.53±5.28) ] were significantly increased in the two groups ( P<0.05). IL-4 [ (17.65±4.12) ; (13.59±4.23) ] and IL-6 [ (24.59±3.85) (31.76±4.42) ] were significantly decreased ( P<0.05). IFN-γ and IL-2 in the acupuncture group were significantly higher than those in the operation group ( P<0.05). IL-4 and IL-6 were significantly lower than those in the operation group ( P<0.05), and serum CEA [ (33.89±5.51) ng/L; (30.46±4.86) ng/L], CA125, CA19-9 [ (42.21±5.23) U/mL; (37.56±5.61) U/mL] and SCC [ (1.12±0.12) μg/mL; (0.96±0.15) μg/mL] were significantly decreased ( P<0.05). The chemotherapy group was significantly lower than the surgery group ( P<0.05), and the effective rate of chemotherapy group was significantly higher than that of the operation group ( P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in myelosuppression between the two groups ( P>0.05) . Conclusion:Docetaxel plus Carboplatin adjuvant chemotherapy before radical operation of cervical cancer can significantly improve the clinical efficacy, reduce the level of serum tumor markers, improve immune function, and do not increase adverse reactions. It is worth promoting.

Objective:To establish a method for determining mercury in blood with direct mercury analyzer.Methods:After the whole blood sample was extracted by solvent and removed by nitric acid, it was then measured by direct mercury analyzer.Results:After optimizing the conditions of the instrument, the linear range was 0.3-60.0 μg/L and the curve correlation coefficient was higher than 0.999. The lower limit of quantitations was 0.3 μg/L and the minimum quantitative concentration was 3.0 μg/L. The recovery and relative standard deviations ( RSD) was 95.2%-97.6% and 1.4%-3.3%. Conclusion:The method is stable, reliable, easy to operate and has high sensitive. It can be used to determine mercury in blood.

Objective: To establish a solvent desorption gas chromatographic method for determination of Sevoflurane, Isoflurane and Enflurane in the air of the Workplace. Methods: Sevoflurane, Isoflurane and Enflurane were collected with activated carbon tube and desorbed with dichloromethane, separated with DB-1 capillary columns, and then detected with flame ionization detector. Results: The linearity ranges were 1.9-304.8 μg/ml for Sevoflurane, 2.1-300.4 μg/ml for Isoflurane and 1.7-305.2 μg/ml for Enflurane, The correlation coefficient was both >0.999. Their limits of detection were 0.6 μg/ml, 0.6 μg/ml and 0.5 μg/ml, and Their limits of quatification were 1.9 μg/ml, 2.1 μg/ml and 1.7 μg/ml, and their minimum detectable concentrations were 0.1、0.2 and 0.1 mg/m³ per 4.5 L of air. Their relative standard deviations (RSD) were 2.5%-3.0%, 2.3%-3.1% and 2.2%-3.0%. The average desorption efficiencies were 101.1%-103.3%, 100.7%-102.7% and 101.0%-102.9%. The sampling efficiency was both 100%. The breakthrough volume of 100 mg actived carbon was 3.7 mg, 3.4 mg and 3.4 mg. Sevoflurane, Isoflurane and Enflurane in activated carbon tube could be kept at least 10 days at room temperature without significant losses. Conclusion The method shows lower detection limit, high accuracy and precision. It is feasible for determination of Sevoflurane, Isoflurane and Enflurane in the air of workplace.

Objective:To establish a method for determining mercury in blood with direct mercury analyzer.Methods:After the whole blood sample was extracted by solvent and removed by nitric acid, it was then measured by direct mercury analyzer.Results:After optimizing the conditions of the instrument, the linear range was 0.3-60.0 μg/L and the curve correlation coefficient was higher than 0.999. The lower limit of quantitations was 0.3 μg/L and the minimum quantitative concentration was 3.0 μg/L. The recovery and relative standard deviations ( RSD) was 95.2%-97.6% and 1.4%-3.3%. Conclusion:The method is stable, reliable, easy to operate and has high sensitive. It can be used to determine mercury in blood.

Objective:To establish a LC-MS/MS method for determination of paraquat and diquat in plasma and urine samples.Methods:Plasma is precipitated by acetonitrile then diluent with phosphate buffer (pH=7) , urine is diluent with phosphate buffer (pH=7) , then diluent samples extracted with Oasis WCX solid-phase extraction column. Samples were analyzed using LC-MS/MS in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. The analytical column was XBridge?BEH-HILIC (100 mm×2.1 mm×2.5 μm) and the mobile phase were 100 mmol ammonium formate add 0.5% formic acid and acetonitrile. Paraquat was quantified by internal standard method and diquat by external standard method.Results:The calibration curves of paraquat and diquat were linear in the concentration range of 10.0~120.0 μg/L, the correlation coefficient (r) were 0.9985~0.9994. The limit of detection of paraquat in plasma and urine were 1.98 μg/L and 1.00 μg/L, respectively, the recovery rate were 100.2%~107.3%, the RSD were 1.6%~3.3%. The limit of detection of diquat in plasma and urine were 1.80 μg/L and 2.77 μg/L, respectively, the recovery rate were 85.3%~93.1%, the RSD were 1.8%~5.5%. Conclusion:This method is sensitive and accurate, and can simultaneously determine paraquat and diquat in plasma and urine.