To search for bioactive compounds from the flower disc of Helianthus annuus L.,chromatography was used to isolate and purify the chemical constituents, their structures were identified by spectral analysis, MTT method was applied to investigate their cytotoxic activities, some compounds showed moderate cytotoxic activities on SF-268, MCF-7 and HepG2 cell lines. Eleven compounds were obtained from the flower disc of H. annuus, and identified as ent-kaurane-2o, 16α-diol ( 1 ) and entkaurane-15α, 16α-epoxy-17-al-19-oic acid (2), and nine known diterpenes, ent-kaurane-16β-ol (3),phyllocladan-16β-ol (4) , ent-atisan-16α-ol ( 5 ) , grandifloric acid ( 6 ) , angeloylgrandifloric acid ( 7 ) ,ent-kaurane-16-en-19-oic acid (8), ent-kaurane-17-hydroxy-15-en-19-oic acid (9), ent-kaurane-16β,17-dihydroxy-19-oic acid (10), and ciliaric acid (11). Compounds 1 and 2 are new compounds, some compounds showed cytotoxic activities on SF-268, MCF-7 and HepG2 cell lines.

Adult ; Antidotes ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Insecticides ; poisoning ; Parathion ; poisoning ; Poisoning ; drug therapy ; Pralidoxime Compounds ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome

Abstract: At present, nucleic acid detection technology based on the PCR principle is commonly used to detect malaria parasites, the existing Plasmodium detection methods mainly include microscopy, antigen immunoassay, and nucleic acid detection,but due to the long detection time, high personnel and equipment requirements, and other shortcomings, its popularization, and application at the grassroots level are limited. What challenges previous Plasmodium detection methods are the lack of experienced professionals and advanced equipment at the grassroots as well as the requirement of rapid detection of large samples under extreme conditions. The isothermal amplification technology developed in recent years has potential application prospects due to its simplicity, rapidity, high sensitivity, and high specificity. This article attempts to review the principles, characteristics, and prospects of various isothermal amplification technologies, and on this basis, focuses on the introduction of recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) and recombinase⁃aided isothermal amplification (RAA) assay technologies and proposes the use of such recombinant enzyme amplification technologies to achieve rapid and accurate diagnosis of common Plasmodium species possibility and imagination.

In order to enhance the antitumor efficacy of recombinant Newcastle disease virus, rNDV-IL15 was rescued in this study. Recombinant plasmid prNDV-IL15 was constructed, and BHK21 cells were transfected with the recombinant plasmid. Finally, the recombinant Newcastle disease virus rNDV-IL15 was successfully rescued. The growth curves of these two recombinant viruses were determined. Murine melanoma B16F10 cells were infected with rNDV-IL15 at MOI of 0.1, and the expression level of IL15 in the supernatant was detected by ELISA. The antitumor efficacy of rNDV-IL15 and rNDV was compared in vitro and in vivo. Results showed that prNDV-IL15 was constructed and recombinant virus rNDV-IL15 was successfully rescued. The growth curve of rNDV-IL15 showed that the growth of rNDV-IL15 had not been changed after insertion of IL15 gene. Results showed that there was high level of IL15 expression in the supernatant of rNDV-IL5-infected B16F10 cells (1 044.3 +/- 27.7 ng x mL(-1)). rNDV-IL15 and rNDV significantly inhibited the growth of B16F10 cells in vitro in a time-dependent manner. However, there was no significant difference between them. In animal experiments, rNDV-IL15 efficiently suppressed tumor growth in vivo when compared with rNDV, and the difference was statistically significant. The results suggested that rNDV-IL15 is a more effective antitumor agent.
Animals ; Body Weight ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Chick Embryo ; Cytotoxicity, Immunologic ; Female ; Genetic Therapy ; Interleukin-15 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Melanoma, Experimental ; pathology ; therapy ; Mice ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Newcastle disease virus ; genetics ; Plasmids ; Recombinant Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Transfection ; Tumor Burden

OBJECTIVETo investigate the cell viabilities of vascular smooth muscle cells and vascular endothelial cells stimulated by cigarette smoke extract(CSE) .

METHODSThe CSE was prepared by smoke-bubbled phosphate buffered saline(PBS) generation.After culturing cells with different concentrations of CSE, we used the cell counting kit-8 to determine the cell viability.The expression levels of c-jun and cyclinD1 were analyzed through Western blot.The c-jun plasmid was transfected to detect the change of cyclinD1 expression.

RESULTSThe smooth muscle cell viability increased when the CSE concentration ranged 0.625%-10%, whereas the endothelial cells viability decreased when exposed to the CSE concentration. After exposure to CSE for 48 hours, there was no difference in c-jun expression between toxin group and PBS group;however, the expression of p-c-jun in the smooth muscle cells significantly increased in the toxin groups than in the PBS group(P<0.05) and the expression of p-c-jun in the vascular endothelial cells significantly decreased(P<0.05) . The level of cyclinD1 significantly increased after exposed to CSE, and its expression level also increased in respond to the c-jun overexpression.

CONCLUSIONCSE can enhance the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells and decrease in the activity of endothelial cells proliferation, which may be explained by the phosphorylation of c-jun and the expression of cyclinD1.

Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cell Survival ; Cells, Cultured ; Cyclin D1 ; metabolism ; Endothelial Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Humans ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun ; metabolism ; Tobacco ; adverse effects

Objective To improve the voltage regulator for the traditional X-ray machine to provide heating voltage and current to X-ray tube filament heating circuit.Methods The circuits included the ones for regulator output voltage sampling,desired voltage generation,control voltage generation,synchronous pulse triangular signal generation,phase control,siliconcontrolled rectifier (SCR) and regulator input voltage sampling.Negative feedback control was executed by the sampling,detection and comparison of the regulator output voltage,and the comparison was carried out with the synchronous pulse triangular signal to generate the signal for controlling SCR.The regulator output voltage was kept stable by regulating the modes of SCR conduction angle.Results Installing and debugging of designed circuit for domestic power frequency X-ray machine contributed to realizing voltage regulation for the filament heating circuit.The test also measured voltage waveform distortion in AC circuits,and this kind of adverse effect did not affect the filament heating circuit.Conclusion The improved system has small volume,low heat,little noise and high performance,which can replace the traditional MSVR.

We examined the effects of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on growth, fatty acid composition and enzyme activity of fatty acid oxidation in the liver of large yellow croaker. We divided 1600 fish (average initial weight 150 g) into 4 groups and reared them in 8 cages. Four dietary treatments were formulated to contain 0%, 1%, 2% and 4% (w/w) CLA, respectively. The fish were fed for 10 weeks ad libitum twice daily. We found that the dietary CLA had no effect on growth, biometric parameters and whole body proximate (P>0.05), but showed some significant effects on the fatty acid composition in both muscle and the liver. The activities of lipogenic enzymes were slightly depressed in fish fed with increasing levels of CLA when compared with control (P>0.05). Dietary CLA supplementation had no effects on liver lipid content, but significantly increased the contents of saturated fatty acids (SFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (P<0.05) and decreased monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) content in both muscle and the liver. Dietary CLA inclusion resulted in significant increases of the biologically active cis-9, trans-11 and trans-10, cis-12 isomers in both tissues (P<0.05). The total accumulation of CLA was higher in the liver (3.83%, w/w) than in muscle (3.77%, w/w) when fed with 4% (w/w) CLA. This study demonstrates that large yellow croakers are capable of absorbing and depositing CLA and long-chain n-3 PUFA in the liver and muscle, showing that this species fed with CLA could be an important human food source for these healthful fatty acids.
Animals ; Dietary Fats ; administration & dosage ; Dietary Supplements ; Fatty Acids ; metabolism ; Linoleic Acid ; administration & dosage ; Lipogenesis ; drug effects ; physiology ; Liver ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Perciformes ; growth & development ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of reducing the incidence of CAUTI by spraying the long-acting antibacterial material JUS on the surface of catheter and urethral orifice.

METHODSSixty male patients, aged from 68 to 79, with indwelling catheter after TURP were divided randomly into two groups (control group and treated group), each consisting of 30 patients. For the control group, their urethral orifice was treated conventionally twice a day; while for the treated group, in addition to the conventional treatment of their urethral orifice, the catheter and their urethral orifice were sprayed with the long-acting antibacterial material JUS twice a day.

RESULTThe number of cases of urinary tract infection in the treated group during catheterization was evidently less than those of the control group (P < 0.01), so the difference was of remarkable significance.

CONCLUSIONThe long-acting antibacterial material, after spraying on the wall of catheter and urethral orifice of the patients with indwelling catheter, may form a layer of physically antibacterial molecular film to prevent the formation of a bacterial biological film and effectively reduce the incidence of CAUTI.

Aged ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; administration & dosage ; Catheters, Indwelling ; Cross Infection ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Male ; Occlusive Dressings ; Postoperative Care ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate ; nursing ; Urinary Catheterization ; nursing ; Urinary Tract Infections ; prevention & control

AIMTo select higher thrombolytic and lower toxic single component of earthworm fibrinolytic enzymes (EFE).

METHODSEFE containing total components were obtained by affinity chromatography from Eisenia fetida. Using ion-exchange chromatography to separate three main components EfP-0-2, EfP-I-1 and EfP-I-2 from EFE, their thrombolytic activity and toxicity were compared with EFE.

RESULTSAmong these components, EfP-I-1 had higher thrombolytic activity in vitro. When 4.5 mg x kg(-1) of these components were injected, the contents of fibrinogen in rat serum were not affected, but only EfP-I-1 exhibited distinct thrombolytic activity. When 6.0 mg x kg(-1) of them were injected intravenously, the bleeding time was not evidently delayed only by EfP-I-1. The acute toxicity test showed that the LD50 of EfP-I-1 was higher than EFE by 2. 17 times.

CONCLUSIONBecause of distinct thrombolytic activity, lower toxicity in vivo, higher content in EFE and easy to purify, EfP-I-1 was adapted to be developed as a single component medicine for treating thrombus.

Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Bleeding Time ; Dogs ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Female ; Fibrinogen ; metabolism ; Fibrinolytic Agents ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; toxicity ; Lethal Dose 50 ; Male ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Molecular Weight ; Oligochaeta ; chemistry ; enzymology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Sequence Analysis, Protein ; Spectrophotometry, Infrared ; Venous Thrombosis ; blood ; drug therapy

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVECybeKnife is a newly developed technology in the field of stereotactic radiosurgery/radiotherapy (SRS/SRT). Compared with conventional SRS/SRT, there are many advantages for CyberKnife in terms of treating tumors that move with respiration, being real-time image-guidance, frameless, high accurateness, and so on. Recently, it has been used to treat different types of malignant carcinoma including intracranial and caudomedial tumors. This study was designed to evaluate the short-term efficacy and toxicity of the CyberKnife radiotherapy for locally advanced pancreatic cancer.

METHODSA total of 20 patients with locally advanced (stage II-III) pancreatic cancer treated with CyberKnife were recruited between April 2009 and December 2009. Of 20 patients, 13 were with cancer located at the pancreatic head and 7 were located at the pancreatic body and tail. The planning target volume (PTV) was defined as gross tumor volume (GTV) plus 2-3 mm, and more than 95% PTV should be covered by 75% isodose surface. The median of PTV was 47 cm³ (26-64 cm³). The median total prescription dose was 40 Gy (32-55 Gy) at 3-6 fractions. During treatment delivery, X-Sight Spine Tracking System was used in 5 patients to track movement of the tumor. Other 15 patients were implanted fiducials in the tumors to track movement of the tumor and patient breathing patterns.

RESULTSThe median follow-up time was 7 months (3-11 months). All patients had finished the treatment and 19 were alive by the last follow-up. Slight fatigue was the most common complain. Evaluated by CT scan, 6 were complete response, 9 were partial response, 3 were stable disease, and 1 was progression; 1 was dead. There were 6 patients with grade I granulocytopenia, 7 with grade I nausea, and 5 with grade II vomiting.

CONCLUSIONSThe CyberKnife radiosurgery for the locally advanced pancreatic cancer shows a high rate of local control and minimal toxicity. Long-term follow-up is necessary to evaluate the survival and late toxicity.

Adult ; Aged ; CA-19-9 Antigen ; blood ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Leukopenia ; etiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nausea ; etiology ; Neoplasm Staging ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Quality of Life ; Radionuclide Imaging ; Radiosurgery ; adverse effects ; Radiotherapy Dosage ; Remission Induction ; Thrombocytopenia ; etiology