Objective To evaluate the feasibility, safety and efficacy of selective portal vein embolization (SPVE) in treatment of liver tumor in rats and to provide the groundwork for its future clinical applications. Methods 24 healthy rats underwent the embolization. Pre and post SPVE portogram and liver chemical profile were obtained. Four rats were sacrificed at 10 min, 7,14, 21 and 28 days respectively following follow up portography. The liver, heart, lungs and kidneys were examined macroscopically and microscopically. Fifteen rats implanted with Walker 256 tumor sized from 3 to 10 mm in liver were scanned with MRI and portography pre SPVE taken. Post SPVE 3 rats were examined with MRI for each group at the same interval as above and the lives were examined microscopically. Results (1) The blood flow to the target portal branches were immediately halted after SPVE. These vessels remained occluded without collateral formation up to 28 days. (2) The liver indexes and BUN level increased after embolization, but returned to normal within 21 d. Macroscopic and microscopic changes were not found in the heart, lungs or kidneys. (3) In the healthy rats, the affected segment was atrophic and the remaining liver underwent compensatory hypertrophy. Histologic examination revealed that the targeted portal veins were coagulated, the endothelium were degenerated and the local hepatocytes were necrotic after embolization. (4) In the rats with implanted liver tumor, the affected segment including the tumor was necrotic and atrophic. The tumors were completely necrotic, and no viable tumor cell was seen under microscope in 12 among the 15 rats. Three tumors 10 mm in diameter were not completely necrotic. Part of tumor cells were still alive and infiltrated into the surrounding liver. Conclusion SPVE with ethanol is effective in the treatment of small liver tumor in rats. However,in case of bigger tumors involving several segments, SPVE should be combined with other treatment.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Carbon-Nitrogen Ligases ; genetics ; Female ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; Nasopharynx ; pathology ; Young Adult

Objective To systematically evaluate the risk factors for upper extremity lymphedema after breast cancer treatment and the strength of their associations.Methods PubMed,Ovid,EMbase,and the Cochrane Library were searched to identify clinical trials published up to December 2012.The quality of included studies was assessed by the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale;data analysis was performed by Stata 10.0 and RevMan 5.2;the strength of associations between risk factors and breast cancer-related upper extremity lymphedema was described as odds ratio (OR) and 95％ confidence intervals (CI).Results Twenty-two studies involving 10106 patients were included in the meta-analysis.The risk factors for upper extremity lymphedema after breast cancer treatment mainly included axillary lymph node dissection (OR =2.72,95％ CI=1.06-6.99,P=0.038),hypertension (OR=1.84,95％ CI=1.38-2.44,P=0.000),body mass index (OR =1.68,95％ CI=1.22-2.32,P =0.001),and radiotherapy (OR =1.65,95％ CI =1.20-2.25,P =0.002),while no significant associations were found for such factors as chemotherapy,age,number of positive lymph nodes,and number of dissected lymph nodes.Conclusions The incidence of upper extremity lymphedema is high among patients with breast cancer after treatment,and axillary lymph node dissection,hypertension,body mass index,and radiotherapy are the main risk factors for lymphedema after breast cancer treatment.

BACKGROUND:The technique of vacuum sealing drainage, initialy used for better wound healing, has been widely applied to al kinds of refractory wounds. OBJECTIVE:To summarize the research progress in vacuum sealing drainage for treatment of severe soft tissue injury. METHODS: An electronic retrieve was performed in Wanfang database, VIP database and PubMed database from January 1989 to August 2014 was performed for papers regarding the vacuum sealing drainage technology with the key words of “vacuum sealing drainage technology; injury; gentamicin; hyperbaric oxygen; nerve growth factor; chymotrypsin” in Chinese or English. Finaly 48 articles were involved in the final analysis according to the inclusion criteria. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Vacuum sealing drainage is a highly effective treatment technique to promote wound healing which can promote wound blood circulation, reduce sweling, inhibit bacterial growth, stimulate growth of granulation tissue by mechanical stress, inhibit cel apoptosis, thereby helping wound healing. Compared to conventional open-dressings, vacuum sealing drainage has a faster wound healing speed, lower infection rate, and fewer dressing change frequency. With recent advances in medicine, vacuum sealing drainagetechnology cannot be simply used for treatment of skin soft tissue damage, but in combination with gentamicin, hyperbaric oxygen, nerve growth factor and chymotrypsin to achieve better therapeutic effects.

BACKGROUND: The survival rate of articular chondrocytes is low after traditional cryopreservation,and great differences existed in chondrocytes from surface layer and deep layer,which easily result in graft degeneration and lead to surgery failure.OBJECTIVE: To establish rabbit allograft models of graded frozen articular cartilages with holes made before cryopreservation and to observe the effect of holed cryopreservation on the rabbit articular cartilages.METHODS: Osteochondral plugs taken aseptically from 2 months old rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups: the experimental group,making holes(3 mm× 3 mm)in articular cartilages and graded freezing; non-hole graded freezing group,non-making holes and graded freezing; cryopreservation group: non-making holes and rapid freezing.The grafts were thawed and transplanted into the relevant articular cartilage defects of recipient rabbits.The grafts differences were observed by gross observation,histochemistry and immunohistochemistry staining.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The gross observation,histochemistry and immunohistochemistry staining of the experimental group were superior to the cryopreservation group.Though there were no significant differences between the non-hole graded freezing group and the experimental group,however,the experimental group enhanced the protective effect on cartilage tissue in the middle layer.The graded cryopreservation of articular cartilage gets an advantage over rapid cryopreservation.And the articular cartilage with holes could be preserved successfully in graded cryopreservation,which assures the survival and function of chondrocytes and slows down degrading process of the articular cartilage tissue after thawed and transplanted.

BACKGROUND:It is discovered recently that miRNA is a new regulator that is able to have an impact on gene expression and miRNA contributes to proliferation, differentiation and self-renewal of pluripotent stem cels.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the mechanism by which miR-155 regulates chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels.
METHODS: Sixty healthy Sprague-Dawley aged 12 weeks were randomized into study group and control group, with 30 in each group. Under anesthesia, rats were sacrificed to harvest bone marrow of the lower limbs. Then bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels were isolated, cultured, and transfected with miR-155 mimics in the study group and a negative control sequence in the control group. After chondrogenic induction, RT-PCR was used to detect the expressions of Sox9, Colagen II, Aggrecan and Colagen X gene, and western blot assay to detect the expression of Sox9 and Runx2 proteins.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the control group, the mRNA expressions of Sox9, Colagen II and Aggrecan were higher, but the mRNA expression of Colagen X was lower in the study group (P < 0.05); the protein expression of Sox9 was higher, but the protein expression of Runx2 was lower in the study group (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that miR-155 promotes the chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels and moreover, it can suppress the hypertrophy trend of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels differentiating into chondrocytes.

Objective To investigate the correlation between the expression of EG-1 in breast cancer and the clinicopathological factors and prognosis of breast cancer.Methods EG-1 mRNA expression in 72 malignant and 18 benign breast tissues were evaluated by RT-PCR method,and its correlation with clinical characteristics and prognosis were retrospectively analyzed.Results EG-1 expression level was higher in malignant tissue than in the corresponding benign breast tissue(71%vs.24%,P＜0.05).EG-1 expression was significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis and protein VEGF (P＜0.05)and was not significantly with age,menopause,tnmor size,grade,hormone status,protein Her2 and pS3.The metastastic rate and recurrence rate in EG-1 positive patients was higher than that in EG-1 negative patients.Multivariate Cox model showed that EG-1 positive was an independent factor affecting overall survival and disease free survival.Conclusions EG-1 expression was up-regulated in breast cancer and significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis and protein VEGF.

Objective To estimate the patterns and frequency of anomalous coronary origin with angiography in the Chinese elderly population and evaluate the correlation between anomalous coronary origin and development of coronary atherosclerotic stenosis. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the basis of angiographic data among elderly patients who underwent coronary arteriography in Beijing University First Hospital. Those with anomalous origin of coronary arteries were selected for further assessment and significant stenosis in coronary arteries was recorded.Results Among 2031 patients, 46 patients were found to have anomalous origin of coronary artery,with an incidence rate of 2.3%. Right coronary artery was the most common anomalous vessel, being involved in 26 patients (56.5%). The anomalous origin was more frequent in right coronary artery than in left coronary artery (41.3%). The most common anomaly was right coronary artery arising from left coronary sinus in 13 patients (28.3%). Significant atherosclerotic lesions in the anomalous arteries were seen in 37 patients (80.4%). Conclusions In Chinese elderly population, the anomalous origin of coronary artery is more frequent in right coronary artery, the most common anomaly resides in right coronary artery arising from left coronary sinus. The anomalous coronary artery increases risk for development of coronary atherosclerotic stenosis.

Based on introducing the current status of clinical key specialty and remote consultation,the paper discusses the remote consultation modes based on clinical key specialty mainly from 3 aspects:feasibility,medical network organization structure as well as hospitalier-centered service mode.

Objective To provide the reference basis for reducing the occurrence of nutritional risk by analyzing possible risk factors for nutritional risk status and investigating the relationship between preoperative nutritional risk status and prognosis.Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 894 patients(nutritional risk group of 491 cases,non-nutritional risk group of 403 cases) with esophageal cancer resection.The univariate analysis was used to analyze the relationships between nutritional risk status with postoperative complications and length of hospitalization.And the multiple Logistic regression model analysis was applied to analyze the risk factors of nutritional risk status.Results The nutritional risk group had a higher rate of postoperative complications (33.60 ％ vs.19.60 ％,U =-3.429,P =0.001),higher incidence of serious complications (23.01％ vs.8.68％,U =-3.611,P =0.000) and longer hospital stays [(37.20 ± 13.89) days vs.(31.69 ± 13.49) days,t =4.124,P =0.000] than that of non-nutritional risk group.The results of the multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the preoperative nutritional risk factors were associated with the patients' age (OR =1.58,95％ CI:1.101-2.268),number of symptoms entries(OR =7.97,95 ％ CI:6.071-10.463),symptom severity (OR =0.26,95％ CI:0.186 -0.385),and dietary intake (OR =0.62,95 ％ CI:0.482-0.813),P ＜ 0.05 for all.Conclusion The older patients with more severe symptoms and poor diet are more likely to suffer from nutritional risk.Prolonged hospital stay and postoperative complications easily happen in patients with nutritional risk.So patients with preoperative nutritional risk should be given timely and effective nutrition intervention measures,in order to reduce postoperative complications and length of hospitalization.