Objective To evaluate the efficacy of aerosol inhalation ofXiyanpingversus ribavirin for the treatment of respiratory tract infections in children.MethodsPubMed, Embase, Cochrane database of Systematic Reviews, CNKI, cqvip and wanfangdata were searched. The randomized controlled trials(RCTs) of aerosol inhalation ofXiyanpingversus ribavirin injections for the treatment of respiratory tract infections in children were incuded. The quality of trials was evaluated and data analyses were performed with the Cochrane Collaboration’s software RevMan 5.0.Results A total of 7 trials were included, involving 857 patients(437 treated withXiyanping, 420 treated with ribavirin). Both of the clinical cure rate(50.11%vs. 40.71%) and clinical effective rate(91.08%vs. 75.95%) in theXiyanping group were significantly higher than those in the ribavirin group, withOR(95%CI) 1.49(1.13 to 1.97) and 3.54(1.87 to 6.71), respectively.Conclusions Aerosol inhalation ofXiyanping superior to aerosol inhalation of ribavirin for the treatment of respiratory tract infections in children. Owing to the poor quality and the small sample size of included trials, more larger good quality CRTs are required to confirm this conclusion.

The purpose of this study is to explore depression metabolic markers in rat hippocampus and to investigate the anti-depressant effect of genipin and its mechanisms using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabonomics. Chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) procedure was conducted to establish the depressive rat model. At the beginning of the third week, genipin low dose (25 mg x kg(-1)), middle dose (50 mg x kg(-1)), high dose (100 mg x kg(-1)), and venlafaxine (50 mg x kg(-1)) were given to the CUMS rats separately once daily for two weeks except control and model groups. Rat hippocampus was analyzed by 1H NMR based metabonomics after drug administration for 2 weeks. Significant differences in the metabolic profile of rat hippocampus of the CUMS treated group and the control group were observed with metabolic effects of CUMS including decreasing in glycine and N-acetylaspartate, increasing in inositol, glutamate, lactate, glutamine, taurine and alanine. Genipin showed ideal antidepressive effects at a dose of 50 mg x kg(-1) in rats, decrease of inositol, glutamate, lactate, alanine were observed, while glycine and N-acetylaspartate were increased. Important influence has been found on normal nervous system function of these significant changed metabolites, which suggests that the antidepressant effect of genipin may be played by enhancing the activity of neurons in hippocampus, repairing and improving the function of the neuron. The metabonomics approach is an effective tool for the investigation of the anti-depressant effect and pharmacologic mechanisms of genipin.

With the social development, the importance of medical records has become increasingly prominent.This paper analyzes the methods and shortcomings of the current medical record quality control and proposes a new mode under two-level randomized blind method combining with the experience of our own hospital.This new mode, through reconstructing the work team, adjusting work pattern and task allocation, supervising problems rectification, combining with experts′ supervising terminal record, inspecting link record randomly, handling dissent, evaluating connotation quality and assessing performance, effectively reduced the defect rate of medical records, improved the archiving rate and promoted the quality of medical records, which is worth promoting.

In the past decades, serious environmental pollution problems have been caused by the extensive economic growth in China, of which adverse health effects have emerged gradually and received considerable attention. Chinese government attached great importance to these issues, and then carried out plenty of surveillance, investigation and health risk assessment work, which provide important basic data and scientific evidences for decision-making in the health effects of environmental pollution researching, related diseases control and prevention. Development, progress and future prospects of surveillance, investigation and health risk assessment system in the field of environmental health were discussed in this paper.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of anatomic and non-anatomic liver resection on prognosisofpatientswithsmallhepatocellularcarcinoma( HCC ) usingaMeta-analysis.MethodsLiterature on anatomic versus non-anatomic liver resection for the treatment of small HCC ( ≤5 cm) was retrieved. ResultsFour nonrandomized controlled trials were included consisting of 776 patients:484 undergoing anatomic liver resection and 292 non-anatomic resection.The age ranged from 53.4 to 63.0 years.Male ∶ female ratio was 3.56 ∶ 1.87.1％ patients were Child-Pugh class A.Most patients (94.5％ ) had a single tumor.No significant differences were found conceming the 1,3,and 5 year disease-free survival rate between the two groups.There was no significant difference in overall survival and disease-free survival between the two groups at 1,3,and 5 years.Sensitivity analysis found anatomic resection was superior to non-anatomic resection in 3 year disease free survival rate (OR =0.72,95％ CI:0.52 - 0.99,P =0.04). ConclusionsAnatomic liver resection elevated the 3 year disease free survival rate of patients with small hepatocellular carcinoma when compared with non-anatomic hepatectomy but failed to further elevate long-term disease free survival and overall survival.

Objective To observe the effect of adenosine A1 receptor (A1AR) on the megalin defect in type 1 diabetic mice with early kidney disease.Methods 7-8 week-old,baseline body weight and fasting blood glucose matched wild type (WT) C57BL/6J mice were selected,and randomly divided into two groups:control group (n=6) and WT DM group (n=6).In the same way,male A1AR knock-out C57BL/6J mice were selected as A1AR-/-DM group (n=6).DM model was established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozocin.The blood glucose (BG),body weight (BW),kidney weight (KW),24 h proteinuria (24hUP) and albumin creatine ratio (ACR) were measured at 4 weeks.The renal pathological lesion was observed and the expression of megalin in proximal tubules was examined by immunohistochemistry.The expression of caspase-1,IL-18 and A1AR were detected by Western blotting.Results At 4th week,compared with WT control mice,the BG,BW,KW and 24hUP of WT DM mice were increased significantly (n=6,P ＜ 0.01),with the pathological glomerular enlargement,mesangial cell proliferation,extracellular matrix accumulation and renal tubule hypertrophy being observed.Immunohistochemistry revealed decreased expression of megalin,an important multiligand protein receptor on the brush border of proximal tubular epithelial cells in WT DM mice,which was correlated with 24hUP (r=-0.645,P ＜ 0.01).Compared with the control mice,the expressions of caspase-1,IL-18 and A1AR were significantly increased in WT DM mice (P ＜ 0.05).For A1AR-/-DM mice,more serious pathological lesion and megalin defect,together with increasing of casapase-1 and heavier proteinuria were observed than those in WT DM mice.Conclusion A1AR may play a protective role in megalin expression of diabetic mice with early kidney disease,in which the mechanism may be associated with caspase-1 related pyroptosis pathway.The details need further exploration.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of VVI assessment normal fetal segmental myocardial performance and to establish a nomogram of normal fetus.Methods Digital dynamic fourchamber imaging of 151 healthy fetus(divided 5 groups according to gestation)were collected,then the longitudinal velocity,strain and strain rate of interventricular septal and left lateral wall were measured in systolic and diastolic period respectively.Results Normal systolic and diastolic values for tissue velocitv.strain,and strain rate were established.Tissue velocity was age dependent,whereas strain and strain rate were stable throughout gestation(P＞0.05).Tissue velocity was gradually decreased from the base segment to the apical segment(P＜0.01),whereas strain and strain rate were stable among all segments in every group(P＞0.05).Conclusions Fetal myocardial velocity,strain,and strain rate measuraments are easy to obtain and reproducible,VVI is a novel noninvasive tool to assess quantitatively and objectivelv regional systolic and diastolic function in fetal heart,it is providing another useful modality for evaluating cardiac function.

Objective To investigate the clinical features of SAPHO syndrome.Methods Clinical data of 22 cases of SAPHO syndrome were analysed.Results There were 7 males and 15 females among the 22 patients.The average age at onset of cutaneous and osteoarticular lesions was 45 years and 44 years, respectively.Of the 22 patients,21 had palmoplantar pustulosis and 1 had acne fulminans.Anterior chest wall (ACW) was involved in 19 patients,peripheral joints in 4 patients and sacroiliac joints in 2 patients.Osteoarticular manifestations occurred prior to the onset of skin lesions in 10 cases.after that in 9 cases,and simultaneously in 3 cases.The mean interval between the onset of cntaneous and osteoarticular lesions was 2.7 years and the longest interval was 20 years.Conclusions Middle-aged females predominate in patients with SAPHO syndrome seen in dermatological clinics.Palmoplantar pustulosis and ACW involvement are the most common clinical manifestations of SAPHO syndrome.

The purpose of this study is to explore depression metabolic markers in rat hippocampus and to investigate the anti-depressant effect of genipin and its mechanisms using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabonomics. Chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) procedure was conducted to establish the depressive rat model. At the beginning of the third week, genipin low dose (25 mg x kg(-1)), middle dose (50 mg x kg(-1)), high dose (100 mg x kg(-1)), and venlafaxine (50 mg x kg(-1)) were given to the CUMS rats separately once daily for two weeks except control and model groups. Rat hippocampus was analyzed by 1H NMR based metabonomics after drug administration for 2 weeks. Significant differences in the metabolic profile of rat hippocampus of the CUMS treated group and the control group were observed with metabolic effects of CUMS including decreasing in glycine and N-acetylaspartate, increasing in inositol, glutamate, lactate, glutamine, taurine and alanine. Genipin showed ideal antidepressive effects at a dose of 50 mg x kg(-1) in rats, decrease of inositol, glutamate, lactate, alanine were observed, while glycine and N-acetylaspartate were increased. Important influence has been found on normal nervous system function of these significant changed metabolites, which suggests that the antidepressant effect of genipin may be played by enhancing the activity of neurons in hippocampus, repairing and improving the function of the neuron. The metabonomics approach is an effective tool for the investigation of the anti-depressant effect and pharmacologic mechanisms of genipin.
Alanine ; metabolism ; Animals ; Antidepressive Agents ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Aspartic Acid ; analogs & derivatives ; metabolism ; Behavior, Animal ; drug effects ; Chronic Disease ; Depression ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Gardenia ; chemistry ; Glutamic Acid ; metabolism ; Glycine ; metabolism ; Hippocampus ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Inositol ; metabolism ; Iridoids ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Lactic Acid ; metabolism ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Male ; Metabolomics ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective:To identify the pathogenic gene mutations in a family with early onset severe retinal dystrophy (EOSRD).Methods:A retrospective clinical study. One patient and three family members from a Han of EOSRD who were diagnosed at Henan Eye Hospital in August 2018 were included in the study. After the detailed history of the patients was collected, all participants underwent best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), slit-lamp, fundus biomicroscopy with the slit lamp, untra-widefield fundus color photography, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and full-field electroretinography (ff-ERG). The subject’s peripheral venous blood of 5 ml was collected and the whole genome DNA was extracted. A genetic eye disease capture chip containing 441 disease-causing genes was used for targeted capture and enrichment of high-throughput sequencing, and Sanger sequencing was performed for the clear pathogenic mutation sites; the analysis software was used for bioinformatics analysis of the mutation sites.Results:A 6-year-old female proband developed poor night vision in both eyes after 1 year old. The BCVA of both eyes were 0.1. The color of the optic disc was slightly lighter; the diameter of the retinal vessels was slightly reduced, and extensive pigment changes can be seen in the retina outside the vascular arch. SD-OCT examination showed that the outer membrane, ellipsoid zone and chimera zone in the central fovea of both eyes were unclear and intermittent. The visual area outside the fovea was neuroepithelial outer plexiform layer, outer nuclear layer, outer membrane, ellipsoid zone. The chimera zone gradually disappeared, and the thickness of the pigment epithelial layer was not uniform. In ff-ERG examination, the functions of the binocular cone and rod system were severely decreased. The results of genetic testing showed that there were c.921C>A homozygous mutations in the Tubby-like protein (TULP1) gene of the proband, and c.3121C>T and c.3488G>A compound heterozygous mutations in the cyclic nucleotide gated channel beta 1 (CNGB1) gene. Amino acid conservation analysis results showed that the above three mutation sites were highly conserved in multiple species; bioinformatics analysis results showed that TULP1 gene c.921C>A (p.Cys307*) had translation termination in the protein conserved region, CNGB1 gene c.3121C>T (p.Arg1041Trp) and c.3488G>A (p.Gly1163Glu) had amino acid polarity changes in the protein conserved region, which led to major changes in the protein spatial structure.Conclusion:TULP1 gene c.921C>A homozygous mutation, CNGB1 gene c.3121C>T and c.3488G>A compound heterozygous mutation are the mutation sites of this EOSRD family.