Objective To investigate the relationship between the exon 4 gene polymorphism of TIM-1 and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in Han population from Hubei province.Methods Polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the ins/del polymorphism of the exon 4 of TIM-1 from RA population and the normal con- trols.Rheumatoid factor (RF),anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) antibody and anti-keratin antibody (AKA) were also detected.Results Two alleles,a wild type del and a variant allele ins were identified in the TIM-1 exon 4.The genotype frequencies of del/del,ins/del and ins/ins were 0.650,0.280 and 0.070 respec- tively in the normal controls and 0.616,0.302,0.082 respectively in RA population.There was a significant correlation between the positive ratio of AKA and the genotypes of the exon 4.Conclusion The polymorphism of the exon 4 of TIM-1 is not associated with rheumatoid arthritis in Han population from Hubei Province of China.The genotypes of the exon 4 may have an effect on the expression of AKA.

The IL-36,which is a member of IL-1 family,consists of three ligands IL-36α,IL-36β and IL-36γ. The cytokines exert their proinflammatory effects through a specific IL-36 receptor(IL-36R),IL-36Ra is an antagonist of IL-36R.IL-36 acts as a helper,involved in dendritic cell and T cell activation, maturation, polarization, antigen presentation and stimulating inflammatory factor production,and so on.IL-36,as a new proinflammatory factor,plays a very important role in many inflammation diseases, including psoriasis,inflammatory bowel disease,arthritis,SLE,lung diseases and so on.

Alarmins known as danger associated molecular patterns(DAMPs) are released into the extracellular endogenous bi-ological mediate by white blood cells and epithelial cells when body in a state of tissue injury and inflammation or physiological stress. Immunological and adaptive immune responses are activated and strengthened by chemotaxis and activation of antigen presenting cells(APC). They are closely associated with the disease development and outcome,and have important guiding significance for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

OBJECTIVETo investigate two single nucleotide polymorphism sites of T cell immunoglobulin domain and mucin domain protein-4 (TIM4) and to detect their relationship with allergic asthma in a population of Hans from Hubei province of China.

METHODSThe polymorphisms (8570G > A and 11515C > A) were detected with polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) in 145 cases of allergic asthma and 130 healthy controls. The genotype and allele frequencies were calculated and analyzed.

RESULTSThe genotype frequencies of GG, GA and AA in 8570G > A polymorphism were 0.985, 0.015 and 0 respectively in the healthy population and 0.931, 0.069 and 0 respectively in the allergic asthma population. There was significant difference in genotype and allele frequencies between the allergic asthma patients and control subjects (P=0. 030, P=0.032). The polymorphism of 11515C>o A was not detected.

CONCLUSIONThe polymorphism of 8570G > A in TIM4 may be associated with allergic asthma in the population of Han nationality from Hubei province of China.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Asthma ; ethnology ; genetics ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Membrane Proteins ; genetics ; Middle Aged ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; genetics ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate whether two polymorphism sites of the G protein-coupled receptor 154 gene (GPR154) are associated with asthma in Han nationality of Hubei province in China.

METHODSThe polymorphisms were detected by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) in 145 cases of allergic asthma and 120 healthy controls.

RESULTS(1)The genotype frequencies of SNP563704 were 0.324 for CC, 0.524 for CT, 0.152 for TT in allergic asthma patients in a Chinese population. The genotype frequencies of SNP522363 were 0.289 for CC, 0.521 for CG, 0.190 for GG in allergic asthma patients in a Chinese population. (2)No significant differences in the distributions of SNP563704 and SNP522363 polymorphisms were found between allergic asthma and healthy control subjects (chi square is 1.880, P> 0.05; chi square is 0.700, P> 0.05, respectively). (3)No significant difference in serum total IgE was found between patients with allergic asthma with different genotypes of SNP563704 and SNP522363 (F is 0.714, P> 0.05; F is 0.083, P> 0.05, respectively). (4) The distribution of frequencies of 4 haplotypes showed significant difference(chi square is 16.50,P< 0.01). The haplotype frequencies of CT and GT were remarkably higher in asthma subjects than those in controls.

CONCLUSIONThe polymorphisms of SNP563704 and SNP522363 are not associated with allergic asthma in Han nationality in Hubei Chinese population. However, the haplotypes are associated with allergic asthma.

Adult ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Asthma ; enzymology ; genetics ; China ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; genetics ; Genotype ; Haplotypes ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled ; genetics ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study in the linkage between eotaxin-3 gene polymorphisms and allergic asthma susceptivity, blood plasma IgE or peripheral blood eosinophil in adult population of Han nationality from Hubei province of China.

METHODSPolymerase chain reaction (PCR), single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP), tetra-primer PCR technique and restriction analysis were applied to identify the single nucleotide polymorphism.

RESULTSThe allele frequency of eotaxin-3 +2497 G, total levels of plasma IgE and peripheral blood eosinophil counts revealed the significant difference between control and allergic asthma group, that the P value was 0.011, 0.021 or 0.029 respectively. The allele frequency of eotaxin-3 +77 T and total levels of plasma IgE showed to have no significant difference between control and allergic asthma group, that the P value was 0.824 and 0.473 respectively. However, the peripheral blood eosinophil counts was significantly different between control and allergic asthma group, and the P value was 0.044.

CONCLUSIONSingle nucleotide polymorphism of eotaxin-3 +2497 is associated with the asthma susceptibility, peripheral eosinophil counts and total levels of plasma IgE in adult population from Hubei province, and polymorphism of +77 is associated with peripheral eosinophil counts.

Adult ; Alleles ; Asthma ; genetics ; immunology ; Base Sequence ; Chemokine CCL26 ; Chemokines, CC ; genetics ; China ; ethnology ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin E ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate two single nucleotide polymorphism sites of the promoter region in T cells immunoglobulin domain and mucin domain protein-3 (TIM-3) and detect their relationship with allergic asthma in a population of adult Hans from Hubei province of China.

METHODSThe polymorphisms were detected with polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and allelic specific polymerase chain reaction (ASPCR). The genotype and allele frequencies were calculated and analyzed.

RESULTSThe genotype frequencies of CC, CT and TT in -1541 C/T polymorphism were 0.961, 0.039 and 0 respectively in the healthy population and were 0.935, 0.065 and 0 respectively in the allergic asthma population. No significant difference in genotype and alleles frequencies was found between the allergic asthma patients and control subjects (P=0.314, P=0.321). The genotype frequencies of GG, GT and TT in -574 T/G polymorphism were 0.992, 0.008 and 0 respectively in the healthy population and were 0.941, 0.059 and 0 respectively in the allergic asthma population. There was significant difference in genotype and allele frequencies between the allergic asthma patients and control subjects (P=0.046, P=0.048).

CONCLUSIONThere are polymorphism sites of the promoter region in TIM-3 , and one of these sites, the -574 G/T polymorphism site, may be associated with allergic asthma in the population of adult Hans from Hubei province of China.

Adult ; Aged ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Asthma ; genetics ; China ; ethnology ; Female ; Hepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 2 ; Humans ; Male ; Membrane Proteins ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Population ; Receptors, Virus ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo investigate the frequencies of -1516,-574 and 4259 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of T cells immunoglobulin mucin -3(TIM-3) gene in Hubei population and address the question whether they are in linkage disequilibrium(LD) .

METHODSGenotypes and allele frequencies of TIM-3 gene were examined by allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (AS-PCR) methods in 147 healthy Hubei Han individuals. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and Two-point LD analyses and haplotype frequencies were evaluated with Arlequin v3.1 software.

RESULTSThe allele frequencies of the 3 SNPs were in agreement with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Minor allelic frequencies of TIM-3 -1516G/T,-574T/G and 4259G/T were 8.5%,1.0% and 2.0%,respectively. The dominant haplotypes comprising the three loci were G-G-G(2.0%),G-G-T(88.4%), T-G-T(8.5%) and G-T-T(1.0%). LD analyses revealed that all of the coefficient of linkage disequilibrium (D') were 1.

CONCLUSIONThe -1516,-574 and 4259 loci of TIM-3 gene are in complete linkage disequilibrium. Our study has provided population genetic data on TIM-3 gene in Chinese Hubei Han population and a basis for searching immune-mediated disease-related TIM-3 haplotype.

Adult ; Alleles ; Base Sequence ; China ; Electrophoresis ; Ethnic Groups ; genetics ; Haplotypes ; Hepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 2 ; Humans ; Linkage Disequilibrium ; genetics ; Male ; Membrane Proteins ; genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Sequence Analysis, DNA

OBJECTIVETo investigate two polymorphism sites of exon 4 in T cells, immunoglobulin domain and mucin domain protein-1 (TIM-1, also human hepatitis A virus cellular receptor-1) and to detect whether they are associated with allergic asthma in children of the Hans in Hubei province of China.

METHODSThe ins/del and IVS 8+9 G/A polymorphisms in TIM-1 were detected with polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP). The genotypes and alleles frequencies were calculated and analyzed.

RESULTS(1) Two alleles, a wide type del and a variant allele ins were identified in the TIM-1 exon 4. The genotype frequencies of ins/ins, ins/del, and del/del were 0.065,0.326, and 0.608 respectively in the healthy population of the Hans. Another IVS 8/9 G/A polymorphism was also found. The genotype frequencies of A/A, G/A, G/G were 0.022, 0.196 and 0.783, respectively. (2) The genotype frequencies of ins/ins, ins/del, and del/del were 0.045, 0.318, and 0.636 respectively in the allergic asthma population in children of the Hans. No significant difference in ins/del polymorphism was found between allergic asthma patients and control subjects. Another 8/9 IVS G/A polymorphism was also found. The genotype frequencies of A/A, G/A and G/G were 0.009, 0.209 and 0.782 respectively in allergic asthma. No significant difference in IVS G/A polymorphism was found between allergic asthma patients and control subjects.

CONCLUSIONThe genotype and allele frequencies in the two polymorphism sites in TIM-1 in healthy population of the Hans from Hubei province of China were similar to those in Japanese. The two polymorphism sites of TIM-1 are not associated with allergic asthma in Chinese children.

Adolescent ; Asthma ; genetics ; Cell Cycle Proteins ; genetics ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; Humans ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; genetics ; Male ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length

OBJECTIVETo determine whether 2 polymorphism sites of the high-affinity IgE receptor beta (Fc epsilon RI beta) gene were associated with allergic asthma in Han nationality of Hubei province in China.

METHODSDNA and clinical data were obtained from allergic asthma patients and were compared with those from a group of healthy control subjects. The subjects were genotyped for the -109C/T and a coding variant Glu237Gly in Fc epsilon RI beta gene by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism.

RESULTS(1) The genotype frequencies were 0.403 for -109T/T, 0.491 for -109T/C and 0.106 for -109C/C in allergic asthma patients in a Chinese population. No significant difference in the distribution of -109C/T polymorphism was found between allergic asthma patients and healthy control subjects; however, a homozygosity for the -109T allele was associated with increased total plasma IgE levels in patients with allergic asthma (F=7.523, P<0.01). (2) The frequency of Gly237Gly genotype was 0.051 in patient group, and 0.020 in control group. The allele frequencies of Gly237 in the patients and control were 0.236 and 0.136 respectively. There was a significant association between Gly/Gly genotype and allergic asthma. Among allergic asthma patients Gly237Gly was significantly associated with high IgE.

CONCLUSIONThese data suggested that the Gly237Gly genotype of the Fc epsilon RI beta gene conferred genetic susceptibility to allergic asthma in Chinese, which affected the total plasma IgE levels in the allergic asthma patients. And a homozygosity for the -109T allele was associated with increased total plasma IgE.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Asthma ; blood ; genetics ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; genetics ; Genotype ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin E ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; genetics ; Receptors, IgE ; genetics ; Young Adult