Congenital Hyperinsulinism ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male

The rate of corneal graft rejection is still high for high-risk keratoplasty although immune suppression drug is routinely used.The role of traditional Chinese medicine in corneal transplantation is concerned gradually.Heijingpaichitang on the prevention and treatment of rats with high-risk corneal allograft rejection needs further study.Objective This study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of heijingpaichitang on high-risk corneal transplantation immune rejection in rats.Methods Sixteen female SD rats were used as the donors and 32female Wistar rats were served as recipients.The high-risk corneal trasplantation models were established by corneal suture in 32 Wistar rats,and then homogeneity variant SD-Wistar corneal transplantation was performed.The recipients were randomized into model control group,cyclosporinc A (CsA)group,heijingpaichitang group and CsA +heijingpaichitang group.CsA,heijingpaichitang and CsA + heijingpaichitang was orally administered 4 days after operation once per day for 15 days,and normal saline solution was used at the same way in the model control group.Ocular anterior segment reaction was examined under the slit lamp and corneal opacification,edema and neovasculation were scored based on Larkin' s criteria.Rejection index of the corneal graft was recorded and the graft survival time was calculated.The pathological examination of the corneal graft was carried out in all rats,and the inflammatory cells in the corneas and CD4+ cells in the periphery blood were assayed using flow cytometry.The use of the animals complied with ARVO Statement.Results Corneal graft rejection occurred in 10 days after operation in the model control group,12-13 days in the CsA group and heijingpaichitang group and 22 days in the CsA +heijingpaichitang group.Compared with model control group,the scores of the corneal opacification,corneal edema and neovascularization were significantly lower in the CsA group,heijingpaichitang group and CsA+heijingpaichitang group (P＜0.05),and all the scores were declined in the CsA+ heijingpaichitang group compared with CsA group and heijingpaichitang group(P＜0.01),but no significant differences were seen in the scores between the CsA group and heijingpaichitang group(P＞0.05).The mean survival time of grafts was (10.38 ±1.69)days in the model control group,(22.50 ± 3.07) days in the CsA + heijingpaichitang group,with the significant difference (t =-9.790,P =0.000).The pathological examination of graft showed that the lymphocytes and new blood vessels were less in the CsA+heijingpaichitang group compared with CsA group and heijingpaichitang group 15 days after operation.Flow cytometry verified that the number of lymphocytes in graft,CD4+cells and CD4+/CD8+ in periphery blood were significantly lower in the heijingpaichitang group,CsA group and CsA+heijingpaichitang group compared with model control group (P＜0.05).Conclusions Heijingpaichitang can inhibit immune rejection to certain extent in high-risk corneal transplantation rat and has a similar effect to 0.1％ CsA.Heijingpaichitang and 0.1％ CsA have a synergistic effect.

Objective To study the effect of fluorine on the bone histomorphometry of humbar in rats.Methods Ninety 2-month-old SPF Sparague-Dawley rats,half male and female,were randomly divided into 9 groups:control[(childhood(CS),adult(AS),long-time(NS)]group and drug group[childhood high-fluoride and low-fluoride group(CHS,CLS),adult high-fluoride and low-fluoride(AHS,ALS),long-term high-fluoride and low-fluoride(CLHS,CLLS)].The control group was administered orally with solution of 0.9%NaCl,while the drug group was given orally with different dose of NaF at the same time. Sections of the fifth lumbar were made which was undecalicified for bone histomorphometric analysis, including the percentage of trabecular bone area (% Tb.Ar),trabecular thickness(Tb.Th), trabecular number(Tb.N), trabecular separation(Th.Sp) ; broken trabecular bone area cells (Oc.N), osteoclast perimeter percentage (% Oc.Pm), the percentage of labeled perimeter (% L.Pm), bone mineral apposition rate(MAR), osteoblast perimeter(Ob.PM), trabecular bone perimeter formation rate (BFR/BS),trabecular bone area formation rate (BFR/BV), the total area of bone formation rate (BFR/TV). Results [1]The percentage of Tb.Ar, Tb.Th, Tb.N,%L.Pm, MAR, BFR/BS, BFR/BV and BFR/TV of CHS group [(50.63 ±7.44)%, (150.26 ± 27.51 )μm, (3.44 ± 0.47)N/mm, (50.63 ± 7.44)%, (0.85 ± 0.03)μm/d, (8.45 ± 2.36)μm/d ×100, (381.16 ± 41.62)%/year, (75.07 ± 4.81)%/year] was higher than that of CS group [(29.71 + 9.32)%,(110.93 ± 28.19)μm, (2.68 ± 0.34)N/mm, (24.00 ± 1.22)%, (0.65 ± 0.03)μm/d, (5.43 ± 0.18)μm/d × 100,(141.32 ± 9.29)%/year, (58.14 ± 2.3)%/year, all P < 0.05)]. The %Tb.Ar, Tb.Th, %L.Pm, MAR, BFR/BS,BFR/BV, BFR/TV and Ob.PM of CLS group [(40.76 ± 6.43)%, (164.25 ± 45.65)μm, (42.02 ± 6.12)%, (0.85 ±0.04)μm/d, (8.95 ± 3.73)μm/d × 100, (378.73 ± 35.39)%/year, (73.52 ± 8.71)%/year, (1.41 ± 0.05)μm] were increased (all P < 0.05). [2]Compared with AS group, the %Tb.Ar,Oc.N, %Oc.Pm, %L.Pm, MAR, BFR/BS,BFR/BV and BFR/TV of AHS group[ (50.62 ± 5.76)%, (0.51 ± 0.05)N/mm, (1.13 ± 0.05)%, (42.3 ± 7.02)%,(1.28 ± 0.09)μm/d, (12.91 ± 1.52)μm/d × 100, (390.12 ± 43.56)%/year, (65.21 ± 22.13)%/year] was higher than that of AS group[ (42.73 ± 5.22)%, (0.41 ± 0.17)N/ram, (0.77 ± 0.52)%, (28.43 ± 6.93)%, (0.80 ± 0.03)μm/d, (9.83 ± 1.44)μm/d × 100, (324.43±53.44)%/year and(48.35 ± 9.36)%/year, all P < 0.05)] . The %Tb.At, Oc.N, %Oc.Pm, %L.Pm, MAR, BFR/BS, BFR/BV and BFR/TV of ALS group [(51.14 ± 6.22)%, (0.49 ±0.61)N/mm, (1.17 ± 0.11)%, (45.06 ± 6.92)%, (1.39 ± 0.08)μm/d, (12.87 ± 1.35)μm/d × 100, (394.6 ±50.23)%/year and(66.31 ± 18.93)%/year] were higher than that of AS group(P < 0.05) .[3] The Ob.PM ,Oc.N and %Oc.Pm of CLHS group[ (1.47 ± 0.27)μm, (0.58 ± 0.13)N/mm, (1.14 ± 0.07)%] were obviously increased(P <0.05), as compared with NS group [ (0.82 ± 1.20)μm, (0.42 ± 0.25)N/mm and (0.75 ± 0.64)%, all P < 0.05].Conclusions The short-term administration of NaF on rats in the growing period increases the bone formation and osteoblast activities of young rats and adult rats. The long-term administration of NaF on rats does not increase the bone formation of rats in growth period. The osteoblast activities as well as the bone absorption of lumbar vertebra were strengthened. The likelihood of bone fracture became larger. The negative effects on bone metabolism and bone quality of rats were gradually displayed along with the prolongation of sodium fluoride usage.

Objective To determine the relationship between abnormal blood glucose and lipid levels and body mass index in patients with chronic respiratory diseases. Methods This research was conducted in Urumqi baseline survey population from "Xinjiang multi-ethnic cohort study" in which patients with chronic bronchitis, emphysema and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) were screened.The patients were defined as angular, normal, overweight, obesity groups according to body mass index (BMI), and were compared with blood levels of lipid and glucose, and rate of abnormal metabolism. Results A total of 6 046 subjects were included in the 2018 Urumqi cohort study, including 545 patients with chronic respiratory diseases.The prevalence of chronic respiratory diseases in different age groups and at different physical activity levels was different, and the prevalence of emaciation group was significantly higher than that of the other three groups.However, there were no statistically significant differences among people with different genders, nationalities, educational levels and whether they smoked or not.There were statistically significant differences in fasting glucose, serum cholesterol (TC) and serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels among respiratory patients with different BMI (P < 0.05).The detection rates of hyperglycemia, high TG and low HDL increased with the increase of BMI.The result of multi-factor analysis showed that blood glucose, TG and HDL were the influencing factors of BMI. Conclusion Increase of body mass index in patients with chronic respiratory diseases is associated with abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism, which is not significantly different from that in patients with non-respiratory diseases.However, the body mass index and nutritional status of patients with long-term diseases should be closely monitored, and timely intervention measures should be taken to delay the disease process.

OBJECTIVESTo study the diagnosis and treatment for the injury of cervical disc and longitudinal ligament.

METHODSFrom 2001 to 2005, the clinical data of sixty-three patients with cervical disc and longitudinal ligament injury were studied. Early treatment was done based on spinal cord injuries and spinal stabilities by X rays and MRI. Early operation was done in fifty-four cases and early non-operation in nine cases.

RESULTSThe follow-up time was six to forty-one months in all patients. The neurological recovery was found in two of eight complete SCI post-operation, thirty-one in thirty-nine incomplete SCI. Cervical collar or plaster orthotic were used in nine cases with four to six weeks. Evidence of instability was noted in four patients, who were operated with anterior decompression fusion. Neck chronic pain was found in two patients, anterior decompression and fusion was done in one with cervical spinal cord compression.

CONCLUSIONSMRI examination is the most value measure for the diagnosis of cervical disc and longitudinal ligament injury. Early anterior decompression and fusion was an important approach for cervical disc and longitudinal ligament injury.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Cervical Vertebrae ; injuries ; surgery ; Decompression, Surgical ; Female ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc ; injuries ; surgery ; Longitudinal Ligaments ; injuries ; surgery ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Fusion ; methods ; Spinal Injuries ; diagnosis ; therapy

This study was designed to investigate the correlation between autophagy and polarization of macrophages in atherosclerosis (AS) plaque in arteriosclerosis obliterans amputees. Femoral artery specimens from arteriosclerosis obliterans amputees were performed hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, oil red O and immunofluorescence staining to observe the morphology of atherosclerotic plaque, phenotype of macrophages and autophagy in plaque; using real-time quantitative RT-PCR technology to detect the mRNA level of M1 and M2 type markers in arterial tissue; to analyze polarized signal pathway and autophagy protein levels in macrophages by Western blotting. Arterial specimens staining showed obvious lipid deposition and obvious infiltration of amount of foam cells and inflammatory cells. Macrophages were mainly expression M1 type in percentage in fibrous plaque. Although both M1 and M2 macrophages were upregulated in atheromatous plaque, the increase was dominant in M2 type in percentage. The level of autophagy was significantly higher in the atheromatous plaque than that of fibrous plaque. The expression of tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF-α), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-12 (IL-12) mRNA was significantly higher in fibrous plaque than that of atheromatous plaque (P < 0.01 or 0.05), and arginase-1 (Arg-1), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), CD163 and interleukin-10 (IL-10) mRNA was significantly lower than that in atheromatous plaque (P < 0.01). The levels of p-STAT1 and NF-κB were significantly increased in fibrous plaque (P < 0.01), while p-STAT6 expression was significantly increased in atheromatous plaque (P < 0.01). The level of LC3-II was significantly higher in atheromatous plaque than that in fibrous plaque (P < 0.01). Macrophages in early atherosclerotic plaque were induced to M1 type through p-STAT1/NF-κB pathway and expressed moderate levels of autophagy; while macrophages in advanced plaques were induced to polarization of M2 type through p-STAT6 pathway. M2 macrophages expressed a higher level of autophagy than M1 macrophages.
Amputees ; Arginase ; metabolism ; Arteriosclerosis Obliterans ; pathology ; Atherosclerosis ; pathology ; Autophagy ; Cell Polarity ; Chemokine CCL2 ; metabolism ; Foam Cells ; cytology ; Humans ; Interleukin-10 ; metabolism ; Interleukin-12 ; metabolism ; Interleukin-6 ; metabolism ; Macrophages ; cytology ; NF-kappa B ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II ; metabolism ; Phenotype ; STAT6 Transcription Factor ; metabolism ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism ; Up-Regulation

The selective side-chain cleavage of phytosterol to 4-androstene-3,17-dione(4-AD)and 1,4-androstadiene-3,17-dione(ADD)by Mycobacterium sp.was described.Because of the similarity in chemical structure between 4-AD and ADD,it is difficult to separate them from the fermentation broth.So far,it has been verified that the ADD can be produced by dehydrogenation of 4-AD.In this reaction,3-Ketosteriod-1-Dehydrogenase(ksdD)plays an important role.The gene knocking out method was used to solve the problem.Partial sequence of ksdD was obtained by PCR which was 631bp in length.Then,a targeting vector pUC19-MK was constructed,which was electroporate into the original strain Mycobacterium neoauru.The method of homologous recombination was used to knock out ksdD gene located in the chromosome of Mycobacterium neoauru.In this way,ksdD would lose its enzyme activity.In the result,5 transformants were screened.The experiments of steroid transformation by the transformants were carried out.The productivity of 4-AD reached 17.52% after 144h,which is 192% higher than the original strain.Meanwhile,the productivity of ADD reached 6.12%,which is 89.9% lower than the original strain.

Bilingual teaching is adapted to the development of higher education in china.Based on actual fact of college,teaching mode,evaluation and effect of bilingual teaching on medical microbiology were studied,which started with necessity of bilingual teaching to use original edition teaching material in English. The result would provide some gist to choice the suitable pattern of bilingual teaching for other subject of our college.

Objective To explore the effect of strengthening behavior modification intervention on the rehabilitation of patients with schizophrenia.Methods 97 patients with schizophrenia,who were in the rehabilitation period by the hospitalization therapy,were randomly divided into the study group and the control group.The study group Was given enhanced behavior modification intervention,besides the antipsychotics and conventional care.While the control group Was given only anti-psychotic drugs and routine care.The nurse-patient observation Scale(NOSIE)and the rehabilitation of hospitalized mental patients Rating Scale(IPROS) were used to evaluate the rehabilitation states of six weeks in the two groups.Results Six weeks after the intervention.the differences of the total score of NOSIE and the scores of each factor were significant compared nwith the control group.Especially,social competence(18.08±2.63),social interest(16.23±3.21),personal hygiene(17.13±1.54)and the total score had a very significant progress and improvement(P

Objective To assess and optimize the dosage regimens of nor-vancomycin in patients with different renal functions.Methods The minimum inhibitory concentration ( MIC ) distribution was determined by agar dilution method with the target value of AUC 0-24/MIC≥638.Ten thousand cases in virtue of Monte Carlo simulation were performed in dif-ferent doses to obtain probabilities of target attainment ( PTA) and cumu-lative fractions of response ( CFR ) in patients with different renal func-tions.Results For the patients with normal renal function , when En-terococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis were treated with recommen-ded dose , from 0.8 to 1.6 g· d-1 , the CFR were lower than 59.77%.The CFR could reach to 83.95%and 73.10%when the dose was adjus-ted to 2.5 g· d -1.For the patients with moderate renal function insuffi-ciency , the CFR could reach to 82.81% at the dose of 0.8 g · d -1 against Enterococcus faecalis.The CFR could reach from 73.10% to 86.84%at the dose from 0.8 to 2.5 g · d-1 in the process of treating Enterococcus faecium.For the patients with severe renal function insuffi-ciency , the CFR could reach to 97.77% and 85.90% respectively a-gainst Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium.Conclusion Monte Carlo simulation provides dosage regimens and the norvancomycin regimen is complemented and optimized.