Objective: To identify the Chinese medicinal granule (CMG) by measuring IR fingerprints. Methods : 12 species drugs were extracted with butanone respectively and then the obtained extracts were measured by the FT-IR spectrometer. Results : By IR fingerprint of 12 kinds of CMG, we found that different batches of the same CMG had a stable and repeatable fingerprint. Conclusion : By using IR fingerprint, CMG can be identified. It provides a rapid monitoring for drug identification and quality control.

Objective: To identify Tongren Wujibaifeng Pills and Xiaoshuanzaizao Pills respectively by analysis of IR fingerprint. Methods: Both drugs were extracted with hexane, ether and butanone and then the extracts obtained were measured with FT IR spectrometer. Results: By analizing IR fingerprint of 25 batches Tongren Wujibaifeng Pills and 31 batches Xiaoshuanzaizao Pills, we found that different batches of the same drug have stable and repeatable fingerprint. Conclusion: By using IR fingerprint, either Tongren Wujibaifeng Pills and Xiaoshuanzaizao Pills can be identified. It provides a rapid method for drug identification and quality control.

Objective To determine the activities of 131I for treating differentiated thyroid carcinoma with diffuse pulmonary metastases ( DTC-DPM ) from the perspective of internal radiation dosimetry.Methods According to Medical Internal Radiation Dosimetry (MIRD) schema, the activity constraint,from which the whole bdy retention at 48 h should not exceed 2.96 GBq (2.96 GBq rule), was converted to dose-rate constraint(DRC) to lungs at 48 h ( DRCLU ·48 h ) in 131I therapy for DTC-DPM. Based on the assumption of DRCLU·48 h at 48 h in lung, the fractions of whole body activities ( F48 ), the effective half times of 131I in lungs ( TLL ) and the remainder of body ( TRB ) were 0.6-0.9, 20- 120 h, and 10- 20 h, respectively. The maximum safe activities of 131I for different human phantoms from the Organ Level Internal Dose Assessment (OLINDA) software were calculated. Results According to MIRD schema and 2.96 GBq rule, DRCLU ·48 h should not exceed 46.4 mGy/h in 131I therapy for DTC-DPM. Depending on varying F48 h,TLL and TRB, the maximum safe activities of 131I were 6.77-81.36, 5.29-56.20, 5.08-55.19 and 3.87-40. 52 GBq for the male adult, female adult, 15-year-old, and 10-year-old patients with DTC-DPM, respec tively. Conclusion Dosimetry-guided 131I therapy for DTC-DPM considers adequately the differences of 131I kinetics in individual patients and can adjust administered activities of 131I on the precondition of avoiding radiological pneumonitis and pulmonary fibrosis.

AIM: To identify the Chinese medicinal granule by measuring IR fingerprints. METHODS: 13 kinds of granules were extracted with butanone respectively and then the obtained extracts were measured with the FT IR spectrometer. RESULTS: By IR fingerprint of 13 kinds of granules drugs, different batches of the same crude drug had a stable and repeatable fingerprint. CONCLUSION: By using IR fingerprint, Chinese medicinal granule can be identified and provides a rapid method for drug identification and quality control.

ObjectiveToexplorethestabilityofratmodelsofsubduralhematomapreparedbysubduralinjection of different volumes of autologous blood .Methods The rats were randomly divided into sham group (36), 300μL blood group, 500 μL blood group, and 700 μL blood group (each group 60 rats).The rats of model groups received subdural injection of 300 μL, 500 μL, or 700 μL autologous blood, respectively.At the postoperative 2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th, 10th, 14th days, blood samples were taken from the abnormal aorta , and the brains were taken out for gross examination and taking photographs , six rats were used for each time .Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA ) was performed to determine the content of serum NSE and S100B proteins in the rats in each group.Results Compared with the sham operation group, the serum NSE in the 300μL group was significantly increased at the 2nd and 4th days (P<0.01), and then gradually reduced at the 6th and 8th days (P<0.05), indicating that the hematoma began to disappear , and at the 10th and 14th days returned to a similar level of the sham operation group (P>0.05).In the 500 μL and 700 μL blood groups, the NSE contents at 2nd, 6th, 8th, 10th and 14th days were significantly increased ( P <0.01 ), but not significantly increased at the 4th day ( P >0.05 ).The content of S100B protein in the 300 μL blood group was significantly higher at the fourth day (P<0.01), lower at the 2nd and 6th days (P<0.05), and at 8th, 10th and 14th days was similar to that in the sham operation group ( P >0.05 for all ) , indicating that the hematoma disappeared gradually, and the damages repaired .The S100B protein content of the 500 μL and 700 μL blood groups was constantly kept at a higher level ( P<0.05 ) .Conclusions Compared with the 300 μL ad 700 μL blood groups , the rat model of subdural hematoma developed by subdural injection of 500 μL autologous blood is the best , and can be used for studies of rat subdural hematoma .

Objective To study the current status of spontaneous abortion of primigravid women in Jiaxing areas of Zhejiang province of China. Methods We analyzed the data from both perinatal healthcare surveillance program and spontaneous abortion, collected in Jiaxing areas by the Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, Peking University. The study population consisted of 14 769 primigravid women (excluding induced abortion, ectopic pregnancy and molar pregnancy as outcomes) attempting to become pregnant who registered between 1993 and 1995. Results 1454 spontaneous abortion cases were identified, with the spontaneous abortion rate as 9.8% (95% CI:9.3%-10.3%). The mean gestational weeks at pregnancy diagnosis were 7.6±2.1 weeks, the mean gestational weeks at miscarriage were (10.1±3.1) weeks and the incidence of first-trimester (≤12 weeks) spontaneous abortion was 7.3%(95%CI: 6.8%-7.7%), accounting for 73.7% of all the spontaneous abortion cases. A peak for risk of miscarriage was around 8-13 weeks, accounting for 37.7% of all spontaneous abortion. The observed multiple Cox regression model showed that increased spontaneous abortion rates were observed in women with age at pregnancy ≥30, being peasants and with higher education level. Conclusion The spontaneous abortion rate of primigravid women in Jiaxing areas was higher than in other areas of China. The maximum occurrence of spontaneous abortions was during period of 8-13 gestation weeks.

ObjectiveTo construct one recombinant adenovirus AdE7E6 expressing HPV16 E6 and E7 fusion protein as candidate for HPV16 therapeutic vaccine.MethodsThe codon-optimized E6 and E7 gene,were fused to create one open reading frame,then inserted into adenovirus vector pCD316.A strain of recombinant adenovirus was constructed through homologous recombinant in 293 cells,and identified by PCR and Western blot.Finally,it was employed to study it's immunogenicity and the activity of the tumor growth regression.ResultsThe PCR result showed that E6E7 fusion gene had been integrated in recombinant Ad5 DNA.Western blot test confirmed that the E6E7 fusion protein was highly expressed in 293 cells infected with Ad5E7E6 recombinant adenovirus.The recombinant adenovirus elicited significant E7 specific CD8+ T lymphocyte response in vaccinated mice.These responses could completely prevent the TG-1 tumor cell bearing mice treated with AdE7E6 from developing into tumor.ConclusionThese results suggested that rAd5E7E6 could be a potent vaccine candidate for the treatment of HPV16-associated tumors and their precancerous transformations.

Objective To investigate effects of rectal cancer to undergo total mesorectal excision (TME)or three space dissection(TSD)with pelvic autonomic nerve preservation(PANP).Methods TME or/ and TSD was applied in 247 Patients with advanced rectal cancer in which 185 cases (74.9 %) underwent PANP(Group P)including TME-PANP(Group Pro)139 cases and TSD-PANP(Group Ps)46 cases.The other 62 cases underwent none-PANP(Group P-)due to tumor invasion.Results There were no death cases for operation inall patients.Group Pm was better than Group Ps in the operation time and the difficulty of proce- dure(P0.05).Conclusion The procedure with TME to preserve pelvic autonomic nerves adapts to the majority of rectal cancer patients.TSD procedure is more complex than TME.Statistically,the survival differ- ence between Patients with TSD and with TME is no defective.The survival time is determined to the tumor's earlier diagnosis and therapy.

OBJECTIVESTo observe olfactory ensheathing glia (OEG) survival and repair in vivo for spinal cord injury after OEG transplantation.

METHODSThe OEG was cultured with the olfactory bulb of Wistar neonate rats. The spinal cords contusion was made in group A, B, and C with the New York University impactor, then complete transection was performed in the contusion area in group A. OEG labeled by Hoechst was transplanted in group A and B. In group C, DMEM were injected. In group D, laminectomies were done without cord contusion and transection. The functional recovery of the spinal cord injury [Basso, Beattie, Bresnahan (BBB) Locomotor Rating Scale scores] and changes of body weight were observed. The tissue sections were done 24 weeks postoperatively. HE staining, neurofibril (NF) immunohistochemical staining, and silver staining were performed respectively to observe the pathologic changes and axon regeneration. The survival of OEG labeled by Hoechst was observed under the fluorescence microscope.

RESULTSLocomotive behaviour improved 4 weeks postoperatively. The BBB locomotion scores of group A and B were significantly higher than that of group C in all periods (from 4 weeks to 24 weeks) (P < 0.01). Sixteen weeks after operation, the BBB locomotion scores became stable and showed no change. HE staining showed that the area of spinal cord injury was disorder and the number of nerve cell was more in group A and B. In group C, there was the obvious cavum and few wring nerve fiber in the area of spinal cord injury. The nerve fibers innervated to the injuried area in group A and B were more than that of group C, but less than that of group D. A great number of OEG labeled by Hoechst were observed around spinal injuried area under fluorescence microscope. After operation, the body weight reduced in every group. The body weight of group D had recovered after 2 weeks and gradully increased. After 4 weeks, the body weight in group A, B, and C decreased to the minimum and were significantly less than that of group D (P < 0.01). After this, body weight in group A and B increased and was significantly more than that of group C (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSOEG transplantation can promote the axons regeneration and the recovery of locomotion function in experimental spinal cord injuries.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Axons ; physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; Female ; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein ; metabolism ; Nerve Regeneration ; Neuroglia ; cytology ; transplantation ; Olfactory Bulb ; cytology ; transplantation ; Olfactory Mucosa ; cytology ; transplantation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Spinal Cord ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; surgery

OBJECTIVESTo study the relationship between the mutation of Leu60Val in HBV core region and the cellular immunity in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB).

METHODSHBV DNA C gene mutation was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing the products directly. The cytokines (IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha and IL-2) levels in serum were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The distribution of T-lymphocyte subpopulations in peripheral blood was detected by flow cytometry (FCM).

RESULTSThe mutation of Leu60Val was found in 19 out of the 91 CHB patients. With the CHB severity, the mutation rate was getting higher, especially in the severe hepatitis group. The IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha levels were much higher in mutant strain group than those in wild strain group (t=2.584, 4.766, P<0.01), so was the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ (t=2.275, P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe mutant strain of 60Val may increase affinity to HLA-I molecule, or up-regulate the expression of HLA-I molecule, resulting in the activation of CTL to release the cytokines and cause immune response in liver.

Adult ; Aged ; CD4-CD8 Ratio ; Flow Cytometry ; Hepatitis B Core Antigens ; genetics ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; immunology ; virology ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class I ; metabolism ; Humans ; Interferon-gamma ; biosynthesis ; Middle Aged ; Mutation ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic ; immunology ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; biosynthesis