Obejective To explore the correlation of Orexin A and respiratory drive in chronic obstructive pulmo-nary disease (COPD) patients. Methods Pulmonary function was tested in 30 stable COPD patients and 20 normal healthy adults. Plasma orexin A level was measured with a radioimmunoassay kit. The correlation of Orexin A with BMI, age, BDI, FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC, MEP, MIP, P0.1 in COPD patients was analyzed. Results Plasma Orexin A levels in patients with COPD group(1.87±0.43)ng/L was higher than those in the control group(1.49±0.19)ng/L, P<0.01. Plasma Orexin A lev-els in patients with COPD correlated negatively with FEV1(r=-0.389,P < 0.05),and correlated positively with P0.1(r=0.728,P<0.01). Conclusion Plasma orexin A in COPD patients increased which may be caused by smoking and hyper-capnia. Orexin A may play a crucial role in regulating respiratory drive in COPD patients.

Objective To observe the effect of trichostatina to induce mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) differentiating into cardiomyocyte cells and to explore the potential interference approaches.Methods MSCs were incubated with different concentrations of TSA and different time,then to detecte the histone deacetylase(HDAC) activity;the differentiation of MSCs was observed by phase-contrast mictmcopy;fluorescence immunohistochemistry assessed cardiac troponin T and RT-PCR detected the expression of Nkx-2.5,GATA-4 genes.Results HDAC activity was the lowest when incubated with 300 nmol/L TSA for 24 hours,expression of cTnT of the cells was enhanced after incubation with TSA.The expression of Nkx-2.5,GATA-4 genes was enhanced before interference.ConclusionTSA can promote MSCs to differentiate into cardiomyocyte cells in vitro in an optimized condition.

Objective To explore the correlation between the serum levels of fibrinogen (FIB), C-reactive protein (CRP) and homocysteine (Hcy) with the carotid vulnerable plaque in patients with large artery atherosclerosis (LAA) stroke.Methods The patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) admitted to the Department of Neurology in The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University from Mar. 2014 to Feb. 2015 were collected continuously, and 273 patients with anterior circulation of LAA stroke were selected based on the TOAST classification. These patients were classified as non-plaque group (n=84), stable plaque group (n=42) and vulnerable plaque group (n=147) according to the carotid ultrasonography examination. Another 182 patients without carotid disease of non-stroke selected simultaneously from our department were regarded as controls. The 19 demographic parameters and hematological indices were compared among the four groups. The logistic regression was used to screen the independent risk factors for carotid vulnerable plaque in LAA stroke patients. The Spearman rank correlation was performed to analyze the correlation between the carotid plaque vulnerability in LAA stroke patients with all the indicators.Results The levels of FIB, CRP and Hcy in the four groups showed statistically signicantcant differences (P<0.05). The multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that FIB (OR=1.408, 95% CI 1.028-1.927,P=0.033) was the independent risk factor for carotid vulnerable plaque in patients with LAA stroke. The Spearman correlation analysis presented a positive correlation between carotid plaque vulnerability in LAA stroke patients with FIB (r=0.292;P=0.000) and Hcy (r=0.172;P=0.000). Conclusions The serum FIB and Hcy levels may be the meaningful biomarkers to predict the vulnerable carotid plaque in patients with LAA stroke. The serum level of CRP has no obvious correlation with carotid plaque vulnerability in LAA stroke patients.

Objective To research clinical significance of electrocardiogram(ECG) measuring in diagnosis of hyperkalemia. Methods ECG changes and serum potassium concentration from 72 cases have been analyzed and contrasted. Results Forty-one cases with hyperkalemia are detected by ECG changes. Coincidence rate is up to 56.9% with serum potassium test. When the serum potassium concentration exceeds 5.5mmol/L, the accuracy of ECG in diagnosis of hyperkalemia was 22.2%. The main features arc peaked T wave with tabernacle shape ;when the serum potassium concentration exceeds 6.7mmol/L, the accuracy of ECG in diagnosis of hyperkalemia was 74.3%. The main features are ST debased,P wave with low amplitude and time limit increased. Some patients appeared sinus node-ventride conduction. One or two appeared malignant ventricular arrbythmia; when the serum potassium concentration exceeds 10.0mmol/L,the accuracy of ECG was 100% ,most patients appeared malignant ventricular. Conclusion The electrocardiogram measurement has the better consistency with serum potassium test, and abnormal electrocardio-gram will be eccurred,when mixed other electrolyte unbalance. Pseudo-hyperkalemia can be distinguished accurately and conveniently by using this method.

Objective To explore the significance of NK cell activity,interleukin-2 receptors (sCD25) and glycosylated ferritin in the early diagnostic of acquired hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH).Methods 57 patients suspected of HLH from June 2005 to May 2008 and 25 healthy subjects were enrolled in the study.The patients suspected of HLH were divided into three groups i.e.(1) a group with diagnosis confirmed at first visit;(2) a group with diagnosis confirmed at subsequent visit and (3) a group with diagnosis unconfirmed according to HLH-2004 diagnostic criteria.Healthy subjects were enrolled as control.NK cell activity was determined with a released LDH assay.The percentage of glycosylated ferritin was determined with phytohemagglutinin adsorption assay,sCD25 was examined with ELISA double antibody sandwich assay.We compared the coincidence of each diagnostic index before and after diagnosis.Results The median percentage of NK cell activity was significantly lower in the first group ( 18.3±5.6) % and the second ( 16.7±6.7)% than that in the third group (33.4±6.8)% or in the controls (36.6±5.0)%.The median percentage of glycosylated ferritin was also significantly lower in the first group ( 15,4 ± 2.0)% and the second group (16.9 ± 3.4)% than that in the third group (40.4 ± 3.0)% or in the controls (45.2±2.2)%.Meanwhile,the median level of sCD25 was significantly higher in the first group (12 916±4328) ng/L and the second group (12 117 ± 5465) ng/L than that in the third group (4728±1482) ng/L or in the controls (3841 ± 993) ng/L.Furthermore,NK cell activity,sCD25 and glycosylated ferritin were abnormal in all the patients in the early stage of HLH.Conclusion NK cell activity,sCD25 and glycosylated ferritin may be helpful markers for the early diagnosis of HLH.

AIM: To investigate the effect of single immunoglobin IL-1 receptor related protein (SIGIRR) on damage of alveolar epithelial cells in acute lung injury induced by lipopolysaccharide. METHODS: The acute alveolar epithelial cell injury model was constructed by stimulation of A549 cells with LPS. In order to over-express SIGIRR, the A549 cells were transferred with eukaryotic expression vector containing full length SIGIRR cDNA. The transcriptional activity of NF-κB was measured by dual-luciferase reporter assay system. The concentrations of IL-1β, TNF- α and IL-6 were detected by ELISA. The levels of these inflammatory factors between the transfected cells and untransfected cells were compared. RESULTS: The over-expression of SIGIRR inhibited the transcriptional activity of NF-κB. The increases in IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-6 concentrations in alveolar epithelial cells induced by LPS were observed. CONCLUSION: SIGIRR in alveolar epithelial cells inhibits TLR4 signals triggered by LPS and attenuates the inflammatory reactions in alveolar epithelial cells, which plays a protective role against the acute damage of the alveolar epithelial cells.

Objective To explore the clinical effect of combination of vascularized fibular head epiphysis and peroneal neurovascular reverse flap repair defects of bone and skin in lateral malleolus in children.Methods Eight children with defects of bone and skin in lateral malleolus were recruited from May,2009 to September,2014.The age of children was ranging from 4 to 12 years old.Four children were injured by wheel twist,2 children were injured by traffic accident,1 was injured by machinery,and 1 was crashed with heavy object.The size of soft-tissue defect was ranging from 3 cm × 5 cm to 7 cm × 9 cm.The flap and bone healing along with ankle joint function scoring were evaluated.Patients were reviewed every 4 to 6 weeks during one year after their surgery,and they were reviewed every 6 months one year later.Results Secondary repair were conducted in all children.The curative effect got well after follow up for 6 months to 2 years(mean,12 months).The flap and fibular head epiphysis were well developed.The ossification of fibular head epiphysis did not found.According to American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle function evaluation criteria,the results were excellent in 5 cases,good in 2 cases and poor in 1 at 10 months after operation.The shape and function of ankle joint were good,with one exception.The average motion degree of ankle joint was (68±5.12)°.Conclusion Combination of vascularized fibular head epiphysis and peroneal neurovascular reverse flap repair defects of bone and skin in lateral malleolus in children is effective.

Objective To make a comparative assessment on both the therapeutic effects and side effects between percutaenous lauromacrogol injection therapy(PLIT) and percutaenous ethanol injection therapy(PEIT) for simple hepatic or renal cyst.Methods In group A,55 patients with simple hepatic or renal cysts underwent ultrasound-guided aspiration and successive PLIT.The intra-operative side effects were investigated and the therapeutic effects assessment by using ultrasonography was conducted 3 months after the treatment.In group B,60 patients with simple hepatic or renal cysts had received ultrasound-guided aspiration and PEIT sometime before.The intra-operative side effects and therapeutic effects on the thirdmonth ultrasonography were independently reviewed according to their case records.Results In group A,3 patients(5.5 ％) expressed slight discomfort but not pain while receiving lauromacrogol injection.Follow-up ultrasound examination at the end of third month demonstrated the cysts in 43 patients completely regressed,while cysts in rest 12 patients shrank over 50 ％ in size,showing the overall response rate(ORR) and completely cure rate(CCR) were 100％ (55/55) and 78.2％ (43/55) for PLIT respectively.In group B,12 patients(20％) suffered from slight to moderate irritating pain or drunk performance.The third-month ultrasound examination disclosed that cysts in 47 patients completely vanished,and cysts in the other 13patients shrank more than a half,indicating the ORR and CCR were 100％ (60/60) and 78.3 ％ (47/60) for PEIT respectively.Conclusions Although their therapeutic efficacy are perfectly similar,PLIT is much more superior to PEIT in term of less and minor side effects.

Objective To explore the clinical effects and safety of treatment for colorectal cancer to pulmonary metastases with percutaneous multiple electrodes radiofrequency-2000 (RF-2000) under CT-guided.Methods 26 pulmonary metastatic tumors in 11 cases were treated with RF-2000. The following extents were observed: (1) blood pressure,pulse rate and oxygen saturation during the treatment;(2)the variety of the liver function,the lung function and renal function after treatment;(3) the variety of the volume and low dense shadow of tumors after treatment;(4)the survival rate for 5 years. Results (1) The blood pressure,pulse rate and oxygen saturation were not changed during the treatment;(2) the liver function,the lung function and renal function after treatment were also not changed;(3) the volume of tumors were increased one month after treatment,three months later,23 lesions of 26 tumors were disappeared,2 decreased to more than 80% and 1 to 50%~80% in volume,and the low dense shadow within the tumors appeared as Ⅰtype (less than 50%) in one,Ⅱtype (50%~80%) in 3 and Ⅲ type (more than 80%) in 22;(4)The survival rate for 5 years was 81.82%(9/11). Conclusion The clinical effects and safety of treatment of colorectal cancer to lung metastases with percutaneous radiofrequency-2000 (RF-2000) under CT-guided is excellent.

Objective To investigate cause analysis and treatment strategy of cage migration after lumbar interbody fusion.Methods Retrospective study was performed on 9 cases with cage migration after lumbar interbody fusion from January 2009 to February 2015 in our hospital.There were 4 males and 5 females,and mean age was 61.6 years (rang,38-75 years).The types of cage included Titanium metal cage used in 3 cases,cylindrical thread cage in 1 case and PEEK cage in the other cases.Bilateral instrumented posterior lumbar interbody fusion was found in 7 cases,and unilateral fixation in 2 cases.Analyze the risk factors of cage migration and the strategies of revision surgery,and evaluate the radiological outcomes and clinical efficacy of revision surgery.Results Risk factors of cage backward migration are as follows:nucleus pulposus left too much in 6 cases,poor cartilage endplate resection in 4 cases,small size of cage selection in 5 cases,unsatisfied cage placement in 2 cases,and improper operation in 1 case.Follow-up survey was fulfilled in all patients,the follow-up time was 6 to 32 months,and bony union was detected in all patients.No cage re-migration,non-fusion,or loosen pedicle screw was found during follow-up period.Clinical symptoms were all improved after revision.Conclusion The causes of cage migration after bilateral or unilateral instrumented transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion were complicated.Risk factors of cage migration may be poor intervertebral space preparation,small cage size,and improper cage placement,which may be not associated with unilateral fixation.Excellent or good radiological outcomes and clinical efficacy depend on a reasonable revision surgery.