Objective To measure 95% effective doses (ED95) of propofol and etomidate by using up-down intravenous administration method, and compare the potency ratio and the anesthesia duration of them. Methods Twenty eight male SD rats were divided into two groups randomly: the propofol group and the etomidate group. Loss of righting reflex was regarded as the judgment index of unconsciousness. The dose-response curve was made according to the formula of Y=Ymin+(Ymax-Ymin)/ [1+10log(ED50-X)× m]. Values of ED95 of propofol and etomidate were calculated, and the anesthesia duration periods after administration of the two equivalent dose drugs were measured respectively. Results The values of ED95 were 9 mg/kg and 1.5 mg/kg for propofol and etomidate. The ED95 ratio for propofol and etomidate was 6. There was a significant difference in anesthesia duration between propofol group (465.6±18.5)s and etomidate group (233.7±9.3)s (P<0.05). Conclusion The anesthesia duration of propofol is longer than that of etomidate, taking the ED95 as equivalent dose.

Objective:To obtain mutA gene of Strepto c occus mutans (Ms),and to express it in E.coli DH5?.Methods: mutA gene was amplified by PCR with specific primers from genome of Ms CH43 strain. After sequencing, the gene segment was inserted into vector pProEX and expressed in E.coli DH5?.The protein expression was induced by ITPG an d the protein products were examined by 180 ml/L SDSPAGE electrophorosis. Results:The length of PCR product was 147 bp and was identical to mu tA gene reported by GenBank.The mutA gene product was expressed in E.col i DH5? with Mr of 5.7?10 3.The maximum mutA protein product amount (20% of the total bacterial protein) was obtained when the A 600 value of DH5? was 1.666,IPTG concerntration 1.0 mmol/L and induction time 6 h.Conclus ion:mutA of Ms CH43 can be cloned and expressed in E.coli DH 5?.

BacKground:RectaI carcinoid is a rareIy seen neuroendocrine tumor. TiII now,there is controversiaI for the treatment modaIities of rectaI carcinoids with diameter between 1-2 cm. Aims:To study the expression of Ki-67 in rectaI carcinoids and the efficacy and safety of endoscopic resection. Methods:A totaI of 83 rectaI carcinoid patients with tumor diameter Iess than 1. 5 cm were enroIIed. AII patients were pathoIogicaIIy diagnosed and underwent endoscopic mucosaI resection from Jan. 2008 to Dec. 2013 at Chongqing Three Gorges CentraI HospitaI and Wuhan Tongji HospitaI. The medicaI records were retrospectiveIy reviewed and expression of Ki-67 in tumor tissue was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Results:AII patients underwent preoperative endoscopic uItrasonography. Tumors were Iimited to mucosa or submucosa, and no muscuIaris propria invoIvement or metastasis was seen. The mean foIIow-up duration was 38 months,and no recurrence or metastasis occurred. Ki-67 was IowIy expressed in aII rectaI carcinoids(0. 84% ± 0. 67%). When tumors were grouped by size,no significant differences in gender,age,tumor site and Ki-67 expression IeveI were seen between <1. 0 cm group and 1. 0-1. 5 cm group(P >0. 05). Furthermore,when tumors were grouped by a cutoff vaIue of mean Ki-67 index 0. 84%,differences in cIinicopathoIogicaI parameters between the two groups were not significant either( P >0. 05 ). Conclusions:Ki-67 is IowIy expressed in rectaI carcinoids Iess than 1. 5 cm in diameter enroIIed in this study,which denoted an inactive proIiferation. For rectaI carcinoids with diameter Iess than 1. 5 cm,with Iow Ki-67 expression and without muscuIaris propria invoIvement and metastasis, IocaI endoscopic excision is an effective and safe treatment modaIity.

Objective:To investigate the clinical effect of Niaodukang-enema liquid on chronic renal failure. Methods: 112 cases were divided into treatment group and control group randomly. The patients of treatment group were given oral Medicinal Charcoal Tablets and Niaodukang-enema liquid(120ml) for enema at high position,56 cases. The patients of contral group were given oral Medicinal Charcoal Tablets only, 56cases. The renal function was observed before and after treatment in both groups.Results :The distinct effective rates and total effective rates in treatment group were obviously better than that in contral group (P

AIM: To observe the dynamic changes of interleukin-4(IL-4),IL-10,IL-12 in rat serum and lung tissues during acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). METHODS: The ARDS model of rats was induced by intravenous injection of oleic acid. The levels of IL-4 ,IL-10,IL-12 in serum and the supernatant of lung tissues were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: The Levels of serum and lung IL-10,IL-12 in ARDS rats were increased in 4 h ,8 h,16 h group compared with control group . The levels in IL-10 in serum in 16 h group and IL-10 in lung tissues of 8 h group were lower than that in 4 h group. The Levels of IL-4 in serum in 4 h, 8 h group were higher than that in control group , while IL-4 in 16 h group was lower than that in 8 h group. IL-4 of lung tissues in 4 h,8 h,16 h group were increased significantly,but in 16 h group were lower than that in 8 h group. The biggest changes of pulmonary coefficient and histopathology were observed at 4 h after injection of oleic acid. CONCLUSIONS: IL-4,IL-10 and IL-12 might play important roles in inflammatory reaction induced by oleic acid. The pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines produced successively during ARDS. The relationship between unbalanced cytokines and lung injury in ARDS needs to be further studied.

OBJECTIVETo explore biomechanical properties and stress-strain of mucosa scars after cleft palate surgery.

METHODSAfter the model of mucosa scars was made, the mucosa scars and normal mucosa were excised and examined immediately by tensionometry.

RESULTSThe mucosa scars after cleft palate surgery were compared with normal mucosa. The Poisson's ratio of mucosa scars and normal mucosa was 0.5 and 0.49, respectively, showing no significant difference between the two groups. The ultimate Young's modulus of mucosa scars was about 24.22 MPa, however, it declined to 3.32 Mpa in normal mucosa.

CONCLUSIONSThe mucosa scars after cleft palate surgery are biomechanically weaker than normal mucosa. It can be used for further research, such as maxillary orthognathic surgery, distraction osteogenesis, and orthodontic treatment.

Biomechanical Phenomena ; Cicatrix ; physiopathology ; Cleft Palate ; surgery ; Humans ; Mouth Mucosa ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Osteogenesis, Distraction ; Osteotomy, Le Fort

Objective To investigate the effects of maternal long-term exposure to low-dose trichlorfon on the serum paraoxonase (PON) activity of pregnant mice and development of embryos. Methods Female ICR mice (n=120) were randomly divided into control group and trichlorfon groups of different doses,and were managed by intragastric injection with trichlorfon of 0,2,10 and 50mg/kg,respectively. All the mice were managed once a day for a consecutive of 27 days,and were subjected to mating. The pregnant mice were continued to be managed with trichlorfon for 3 days,and were sacrificed on day 3 of gestation. The serum PON and acetylcholinesterase (AchE) activities were detected,and the development of embryos was evaluated. Results The serum PON activity of 2,10 and 50mg/kg trichlorfon group were (14.15?1.22),(12.78?1.80) and (10.45?1.95)IU/mL,respectively,and that of 50mg/kg trichlorfon group was significantly lower than that of control group [(13.37?2.31)IU/mL] (P0.05),while the the percentage of abnormal embryos of 50mg/kg trichlorfon group had an increased tendency. Conclusion Long-term exposure to low-dose trichlorfon can inhibit serum PON and AchE activity in pregnant mice without obvious effect on the development of embryos.

Objective To find the effective therapeutic arrangement through investigating the clinical characteristics of chronic cardiac insufficiency with anaemia. Methods A total of 46 cases of anemia from 315patients who had been admitted to department of cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University for chronic cardiac insufficiency with anaemia were selected. They were divided into two groups. There were 22 patients in the first group who only accepted treatment to improve cardiac function (normal cardiac, diuretic,vasodilator therapy, etc.), and 24 patients in the second group who accepted treatment to improve cardiac function while receiving anti-anemia therapy treatment, oral ferrous sulfate tablets(0.3 g/tablet), 1 tablet each time, 3 times a day and(or) 2 times per week subcutaneous erythropoietin 3000 U. The hemoglobin(Hb), red blood cell(RBC) ,hematocrit (HCT), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), fractional shortening (FS), stroke volume (SV) , cardiac output(CO) and E peak and A peak ratio(E/A) were observed before and after treatment. By logistic regression, grade grade Ⅱ , Ⅲ , Ⅳ, the incidence of anaemia were 7.9% (10/126), 19.2% (23/120) and 24.6% (17/69),respectively. Grade Ⅱ compared with grades Ⅲ, Ⅳ, the difference was statistically significant (x2 = 4.08, 3.12, all (3.49 ± 0.17) × 1012/L, (0.36 ± 0.08)%, (48.9 ± 3.11)%, (15.6 ± 1.8)%, (38.9 ± 3.7)%, (4.4 ± 1.6)% and (130.7 ±5.75)g/L, (4.12 ± 0.25) × 1012/L, (0.43 ± 0.02)%, (58.5 ± 2.65)%, (18.0 ± 2.5)%, (49.1 ± 7.7)%, (5.1 ± 1.2)%in the first and second groups, respectively. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant(t =value of Hb, RBC, HCT, LVEF, FS,SV, CO were (102.7 ± 6.93)g/L, (3.41 ± 0.12) × 1012/L, (0.35 ± 0.07)%,(47.5 ± 2.86)%, (16.0 ± 2.4)%, (38.2 ± 7.9)%, (3.7 ± 1.4)%, respectively. Compared with those after treatment,the difference was statistically significant (t = 15.632, 13.325, 5.569, 17.182, 3.186, 2.999, 3.074, all P ＜ 0.05);Ⅳ-level relative risk were 1.62, 3.14(P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01) . Conclusions Based on the standard treatment with treatment of anemia, cardiac contractile function can be improved.

Actins ; analysis ; Animals ; Dimethylnitrosamine ; Immunohistochemistry ; Liver ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Necrosis ; chemically induced ; pathology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Reticulin ; analysis ; Silver Staining

Objective To detect the mutations in ATP2C1 gene of 5 sporadic patients with Hailey-Hailey disease (HHD).Methods Five sporadic patients with HHD collected from the outpatient clinic setting were recruited into this study with informed consent.Blood samples were taken from all patients and 100 unrelated human controls.and DNA was extracted from these samples.Mutation scanning was carried out for ATP2C1 gene by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and direct sequencing.Results The diagnosis of all cases was confirmed by typical clinical manifestation,cutaneous pathology and immunofluorescence pathology.Five novel mutations.including a deletion mutation (2025delG),three missence mutations (L269R,C348R,A651D) and a non-sense mutation (Q259X) were identified in these cases.No mutations were detected in any of the 100 controls.Conclusion Five novel mutations in ATP2C1 gene have been identified for Hailey-Hailey disease.