Child ; Child, Preschool ; Enterovirus ; isolation & purification ; Enterovirus A, Human ; isolation & purification ; Female ; Fluorescence ; Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease ; virology ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; RNA, Viral ; analysis

To establish a method for determination contents of schizandrin, tanshinone I, cryptotanshinone, tanshinone II (A) and schizandrin B in rongxin pills. The HPLC method was performed on an Agilent C18. The mobile phase was composed of methnol and water wish gradient elution. The flow rate was 1.0 mL x min(-1). The column temperature was 30 degrees C and the detection wavelength wash 240 nm. The linear of schizandrin, tanshinone I, cryptotanshinone, Tanshinone II (A) and schizandrin B were 3.000-48.00 (r = 1.000), 3.985-63.76 (r = 0.999 9), 6.370-101.9 (r = 1.000), 8.690-139.0 (r = 0.999 9), 1.700-27.20 mg x L(-1) (r = 0.999 9), respectively. The average recoveries were 98.44%, 100.3%, 99.29%, 99.07%, 98.42%, and RSDs were 0.61%, 1.1%, 0.52%, 0.72%, 0.97%. The method is convenient, accurate and has good precision. It can be used for determination of the preparation.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Cyclooctanes ; analysis ; Diterpenes, Abietane ; analysis ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Lignans ; analysis ; Linear Models ; Organic Chemicals ; analysis ; Phenanthrenes ; analysis ; Polycyclic Compounds ; analysis ; Quality Control ; Reproducibility of Results

Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Aged ; Chronic Disease ; therapy ; Female ; Gastritis, Atrophic ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo explore the mechanisms involved in the ligustrazine alleviation of the pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) in patients of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) associated with chronic cor pulmonale (CCP) during exacerbation.

METHODSSeventy patients of COPD and CCP with acute exacerbation were randomly and equally divided into control group and treatment group. The control group received standard treatment with antibiotics, antiasthmatic and expectorant medications, and oxygenation; and the ligustrazine treatment group received ligustrazine treatment (80 mg/d; i.v.; for 2 weeks) in addition to the standard treatment. Before and at the end of 2 week treatment, the clinic responses of the two regimens were evaluated, plasma levels of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and nitric oxide (NO) were determined; arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO2, mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP), outflow tract of right ventricle (RVOT), and internal diameter of right ventricle (RV) were measured.

RESULTSGood clinic benefits were achieved in both the standard and ligustrazine regimens, plasma level of ET-1, values of mPAP, RV and RVOT decreased significantly, plasma level of NO and PaO2 values decreased (all P < 0.01 vs pre-treatment to all parameters). Compared with the control group, ligustrazine greatly enhanced the clinic efficacy from 77.1% to 97.1% (P < 0.05), and also resulted in more significant changes of all these parameters (P < 0.01 vs control group for all parameters). For both groups, the levels of plasma ET-1 were positively correlated with values of mPAP, RVOT, and RV (r = 0.710, 0.853, and 0.766, respectively, all P = 0.000), and negatively correlated with plasma NO and PaO2 (r = - 0.823, and - 0.752, respectively, all P = 0.000).

CONCLUSIONLigustrazine is effective in treating pulmonary artery hypertension during acute exacerbation of COPD and CCP in patients from the plateau area. The observed changes in the plasma levels of NO and ET-1 in response to ligustrazine treatment suggest that ligustrazine may act through the selective effect on pulmonary blood vessels to enhance the synthesis and release of NO and suppress those of ET-1 from lung vascular endothelial cells, thus reducing pulmonary artery pressure and decreasing pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Altitude ; Blood Gas Analysis ; Chronic Disease ; Endothelin-1 ; blood ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; drug therapy ; Nitric Oxide ; blood ; Pulmonary Artery ; physiopathology ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; drug therapy ; Pyrazines ; therapeutic use ; Respiration

Aged ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Receptors, Interleukin-2 ; blood ; Silicosis ; blood ; classification ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets ; metabolism

The thermostability of the inulinase was studied in this resea rc h. Some alcoholic materials and thickening agent could enhance the thermostabli lity of the inulinase. Using glycerol、xanthic pastern and though orthogonal ex periments of three elements and three levels, a satisfying protective agent, whi ch included glycerin(6%), xanthan gum(0.6%) and CaCl_2 (100mmol/mL) and ha d a significant effect on the enhancement of the inulinase thermostability, was acquired.

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinical value of urodynamic study in patients with neurogenic bladder by pelvic fracture postoperative.

METHODSPostoperative 12 cases with pelvic fracture resulted in uroschesis, there were 8 males and 4 females,and age from 26 to 70 years with an average of 46.5 years. Urodynamic study was done in patients at 1 d,1,3 weeks after operation and compared with 12 cases normal subjects.

RESULTSThere was a significant relationship between urodynamic parameter (including residual urine volume of bladder, max free flow, urethral closing pressure in filling end and so on) and course of disease. The residual urine volume of bladder and urethral closing pressure in filling end increased of urodynamic tests in all patients with uroschesis as compared with the normal subjects (P < 0.05); but max free flow decreased at 1 d, 1, 3 weeks after operation (P < 0.05). In the patients with uroschesis, residual urine volume of bladder markedly increased (P < 0.05) and urethral closing pressure in filling end markedly depressed (P < 0.05) at 1 week after operation than other time (at 1 d, 3 weeks after operation), but max free flow had not significant difference (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONUrodynamic study might evaluate regenerate the degree of neurogenic bladder by pelvic fracture postoperative and predict the prognosis of the neurogenic bladder.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Fractures, Bone ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pelvic Bones ; injuries ; surgery ; Postoperative Complications ; etiology ; physiopathology ; Time Factors ; Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic ; etiology ; physiopathology ; Urodynamics

Adult ; Blast Injuries ; therapy ; Explosions ; Humans ; Male ; Multiple Trauma ; therapy

Objective To study the molecular mechanisms of ampicillin- resistant haemophilius influenzae (Hi)in Nanjing. Methods One hundred and fifty- eight strains of Hi isolated from children were collected to detect bata-lactamase. TEM and ROB bata- lacta-mase genes were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) ,and cloned into T vector for sequencing. Results The rate of ampicillin resistance was 41. 77% in Hi isolated from children in Nanjing,40.51 % was found to be bata-lactamase production. Eighty-nine strain were TEM positives, 1 strain was ROB positive,63 strains bata - lactamase positive ampicillin- resistant Hi were identified. The resistance mechanism of ampicillin resistant Hi was production of bata - lactamase , mainly TEM - type enzyme. Two bata - lactamase negative ampicillin - resistant Hi were identified , predicts the other mechanisms of ampicillin - resistant Hi was occuered yet . One strain of non -TEM - type,and non - ROB - type bata - lactamase - producing Hi was identified. Conclusions Ampicillin - resisitant in Hi isolated from children in this region is challenging. TEM bata - lactamase is the principal mechanism of ampicillin - resistant of Hi.

BACKGROUNDElastin derived peptides can regulate melanocyte precursor development. Ultraviolet irradiation, infrared radiation and heat can increase the synthesis of tropoelastin in human skin epidermis. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the over expressed tropoelastin in epidermis has some role in melanogenesis of melanocytes.

METHODSA375 human melanoma cells were treated with different concentrations of kappa elastin for 24 hours. A375 human melanoma cells were randomly assigned to control, kappa elastin, and lactose pre-incubated groups. The cell viabilities were detected by the methyl thiazoleterazolium assay. Melanin content and tyrosinase activity in A375 melanoma cells were measured. The expressions of endothelin B receptor (ET(B)R) mRNA and c-kit mRNA in A375 melanoma cells were measured by quantative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.

RESULTSFifty µg/ml of kappa elastin significantly increased the melanin content by 56.64% compared with the control (P < 0.05). Kappa elastin increased cellular tyrosinase activity by 46.73% compared with the control at 24 hours (P < 0.05). Kappa elastin increased the expressions of ET(B)R and c-kit mRNA levels by 2.13-fold and 2.47-fold compared with the controls, respectively. When pre-incubating cells with a lactose solution (10 mmol/L), the inhibition on melanin production was 34.96% compared with the kappa elastin group (P < 0.05), tyrosinase activity was inhibited by 29.93% compared with kappa elastin group (P < 0.05), and the expressions of ET(B)R mRNA and c-kit mRNA were decreased by 1.56-fold and 0.82-fold compared with kappa elastin group, respectively.

CONCLUSIONKappa elastin increased the melanogenesis in A375 melanoma cells via the stimulation of tyrosinase activity and the expression of ET(B)R and c-kit. The over expressed tropoelastin produced by keratinocytes might play a role in melanogenesis of epidermal melanocytes.

Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Elastin ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Keratinocytes ; drug effects ; Melanins ; metabolism ; Melanoma ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit ; metabolism ; Receptor, Endothelin B ; metabolism