OBJECTIVE:To determine the contents of heavy metals in commercial Chinese crude drugs and to provide reference for the monitoring of heavy metals in the crude drugs.METHODS:UV spectrophotometry was established to determine the contents of heavy metals in 6 vegetable drugs(Panax quinquefolium,Panax ginseng,Lycium barbarum,Radix et Rhizoma Glycyrrhizae,Bulbus Fritillariae Cirrhosae and Salvia miltiorrhiza)and 2 animal-source drugs(Scolopendra subspinipes mutilans and Bombyx Batryticatus).RESULTS:The linear range of heavy metal plumbum(reference substance)was 0.01～0.50 ?g?mL-1(r=0.997 7),and the average recovery rate was 99.49%(RSD=1.41%).The contents of heavy metals in Panax quinquefolium,Panax ginseng,Lycium barbarum,Radix et Rhizoma Glycyrrhizae,Bulbus Fritillariae Cirrhosae,Salvia miltiorrhiza were 26.13,28.96,26.99,29.98,26.63 and 28.06 ?g?g-1 respectively,and the contents of Scolopendra subspinipes mutilans and Bombyx Batryticatus were on the high side(47.62 and 59.24 ?g?g-1 respectively).CONCLUSION:The method is easy,highly accurate,and it can be used for detection of heavy metals in Chinese crude drugs.

Objective To investigate the biomechanics of the tissue engineered tendons which use the embryonic tendon cells as the seed-cells and the silk as the scaffolds. Methods Two groups were set up with one as the group with tenocytes and the other as the group without tenocytes. Tissue engineered tendons were taken out at 2-week, 4-week, 6-week, 8-week post-operation, with 20 samples per-group each time. The values of biomechanics were measured and analyzed using the software SPSS 13.0. Results The biomechanical properties of the tissue engineered tendons in the group with tenocytes were significantly better than those in the group without tenocytes (P<0.05). In the group with tenocytes, the vitodynamics results got better with the increase of implantation time (P<0.05) except for the results of 8-week post--operation(P>0.05). But in the group without tenocytes, only the results of that from 8-week post-operation were of significant significance (P<0.05). Conclusion The results presented in the current study demonstrated that silk could stick tenocytes well, hold the characteristics of great resistance to draw after adhesion of tenocytes, and formed the tissue engineered tendon gradually in chickens, suggesting its potential application in the treatment of the defect of tendon.

Objective To analyze differentially expressed genes between hilar and distal cholangiocarcinoma and to clarify the molecular mechanism of tumorigenesis. Methods Gene-expression profiles of 3 samples of hilar cholangiocarcinoma and 4 samples of distal cholangiocarcinoma were analyzed using oligo microarray containing 21 329 genes. The differentially expressed genes between the two groups were analyzed using the Significance Analysis of Microarrays (SAM) in order to get the specifically differentially expressed genes. The gene expression presence was verified by real-time PCR (RT-PCR). Results A total of 725 genes of cholangiocarcinoma was regulated significantly compared to normal bile duct. Of them, 244 genes were upregulated and 399 genes were downregualted in both groups; on the other hand, 82 gene expressions between hilar and distal cholangiocarcinoma had significant differences (ratio ≥ 2.0 or ≤ 0.5). The SAM analysis showed that 40 genes, including AREG, EPHA2, SPP1, PACE4, and so on, were identified as differentially regulated between the two groups (q=0). Conclusions These data are helpful for a better understanding of the tumorigenesis of cholangiocarcinoma and contribute to the development of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. The gene expressions between hilar and distal cholangiocarcinoma are significantly different, which suggests that the two tumors have different molecular mechanisms of tumorigenesis.

[Objective]To investigate the possibility of construction of tendon defect with allogeneic embryonic tenocyte combined with silk.[Method]Roman hens were randomly divided into 2 groups: construction with allogeneic tenocyte combined with silk as cell group,construction with silk alone as non-cell group.The pathology,vitodynamics and elongation were compared between 2 groups at 2,4,6,and 8 weeks postoperatively.[Result]Collagen production and vitodynamics in cell group were better than those in non-cell group significantly(P

Objective To analyse clinical effects of Juming Jiangya pill combined with amlodipine besylate in treatment of essential hypertension.Methods 126 patients with essential hypertension from August 2015 to October 2016 were grouped two groups and each with 63 cases.The control group were treated with amlodipine besylate,and observation group was treated with Juming Jiangya pill.The effect of 2 groups of antihypertensive treatment, the influence on related factors and the safety were analyzed.Results (After treatment,total effective rate of observation group was 95.24%,higher than that of control group 80.95%(P<0.05).(After treatment,SBP and DBP level of observation group[were(128.5±6.3),(78.4±5.2)mmHg],lower than that of control group[(140.2±7.5),(88.7±5.5)mmHg](all P<0.05).③After treatment,plasma NO and serum ET level of observation group were[(70.16±5.51)μmol/L,(66.24±5.40)ng/L],better than that of control group[(64.16±5.33)μmol/L,(73.05±5.68)ng/L)](all P<0.05).④During treatment,proportion of adverse reactions of control group was 11.11%,higher than that of observation group 4.76%,difference was not statistically significant.Conclusion Juming Jiangya pill combined with amlodipine besylate have better curative effect and medication safety.

Objective To study the main influence factors of nosocomial infection(NI) and establish a model to predict and forecast the risk of NI on patients in hospitals. Methods Clinical data of 27352 inpatients extracted from hospital information system were sorted out and coded, and a logistic regression model about the probability of NI was established. The risk of NI was divided into four scales. Results With multiple factor analysis,16 risk factors of NI were identified, which were age, high body temperature, numbers of diagnosis, days of staying in hospital and seriousness, numbers of routine test for urine, times of blood transfusion, use or without use of antibiotic and radiotherapy, turning over the bodies or not, relationships between infection and interventional operations, with or without diabetes, categories of diseases based on ICD-9, numbers of interventional operations, type of anesthesia and department of admission. If NI was judged when predicted probability(Pr)of logistic regression model exceeded 0 35, the specificity and false diagnostic rate of diagnostic test were 0 995 and 0 005 respectively, and the area under ROC curve was 0 986. According to decision tree method, the risk of NI was classified into four degrees: low (Pr

Retinal ischemia is the common pathologic process in many ophthalmic diseases, including ischemic optic neuropathy, retinal artery and vein occlusion, carotid artery obstructive disease, retinopathy of prematurity, chronic diabetic retinopathy and glaucoma. It is very important to establish animal models to investigate pathology mechanism and explore the treatment of retinal ischemia disease. At present, the commonly used methods for establishing retinal ischemia animal models include increasing intraocular pressure, ligating of blood vessels, suture method, photochemical method, and drug injection etc. This article summarizes the methods to establish the animal models and analyzes the indication for each animal model. It is expected that the method of establishing a retinal ischemic animal model will be helpful to the experimental design of follow-up retinal ischemia studies.

To study the cartilage differentiation of mouse mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) induced by cartilage-derived morphogenetic proteins-2 in vitro, the MSCs were isolated from mouse bone marrow and cultured in vitro. The cells in passage 3 were induced into chondrogenic differentiation with different concentrations of recombinant human cartilage-derived morphogenetic proteins-2 (0, 10, 20, 50 and 100 ng/mL). After 14 days of induction, morphology of cells was observed under phase-contrast microscope. Collagen II mRNA and protein were examined with RT-PCR, Western blotting and immunocytochemistry respectively and the sulfate glycosaminoglycan was measured by Alcian blue staining. RT-PCR showed that CDMP-2 could promote expression of collagen II mRNA in an dose-dependant manner, especially at the concentration of 50 ng/mL and 100 ng/mL. Immunocytochemistry and Western blotting revealed a similar change. Alcian blue staining exhibited deposition of typical cartilage extracellular matrix. Our results suggest that mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells can differentiate into chondrogenic phonotype with the induction of CDMP-2 in vitro, which provides a basis for further research on the role of CDMP-2 in chondrogenesis.
Bone Marrow Cells/*cytology ; Bone Morphogenetic Proteins/*pharmacology ; Cell Differentiation/*drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Chondrocytes/*cytology ; Chondrogenesis/drug effects ; Chondrogenesis/physiology ; Mesenchymal Stem Cells/*cytology ; Recombinant Proteins/pharmacology

Adult ; Aged ; Amides ; administration & dosage ; Analgesia, Patient-Controlled ; methods ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Pain, Postoperative ; prevention & control ; Young Adult