Objective To investigate the effect of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) combined with ultrafiltration in treatment of kidney injury induced by serious hemorrhagic shock in rabbits.Methods Models of pressure-controlled hemorrhagic shock was developed in 24 New Zealand white rabbits which were divided into unresuscitation group (n =8),ECMO combined with ultrafiltration group (combined resuscitation group,n =8),and fluid resuscitation group (n =8) according to the random number table.Heart rate was monitored via electrocardiograph and arterial pressure via fermoral artery catheter.Blood samples were collected pre-and post-shock and after resuscitation to measure levels of lactic acid,serum creatinine,IL-6,and TNF-α.Kidney samples were collected for measurement of histopathological changes via HE staining,expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) via immunohistochemical staining.Results Arterial pressure was (53.1 ± 11.4) mmHg in combined resuscitation group,higher than (41.3 ± 11.1) mmHg in fluid resuscitation group and (25.9 ± 10.5) mmHg in unresuscitation group (F =41.425,P ＜ 0.05).Hemorrhagic shock induced significant up-regulation of lactic acid,serum creatinine,IL-6,and TNF-α(P ＜ 0.05),but all were lowered after resuscitation,especially in combined resuscitation group (P ＜ 0.05).HE staining showed the degree of kidney tissue necrosis and inflammatory cytokine infiltration in combined resuscitation group alleviated notably compared with fluid resuscitation group.Median and interquartile values of HSP70 were 17 828.960 0 (15 779.865 0-21 751.980 0) in unresuscitation group,2 714.270 0 (1 339.215 0-7 616.950 0) in fluid resuscitation group,and 262.930 0 (198.820 0-538.195 0) in combine resuscitation group,with statistical differences among groups(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion ECMO combined with ultrafiltration is superior to conventional fluid resuscitation in improving hypoxia tissue injury and inflammatory reaction after hemorrhagic shock and is beneficial to attenuating kidney injury.

Objective To investigate the clinical distribution and change in antimicrobial resistance of Acinetobact-er baumannii (A.baumannii)from a hospital between 2011 and 2013,so as to provide guidance for clinical treat-ment.Methods Sources and antimicrobial susceptibility testing results of A.baumannii from a hospital were ana-lyzed statistically.Results A total of 14 705 bacterial isolates were isolated in 2011 —2013,13.59%(n=1 999)of which were A.baumannii isolates,the percentage of A.baumannii in isolated pathogens in 3 years was 12.74%, 13.05%,and 14.85% respectively,which showed a rising trend (χ2 =9.458,P =0.002).The main specimen was sputum (n = 1 541 ,77.09%),bacteria were mainly isolated from patients in respiratory disease department (21 .71 %),surgical intensive care unit (16.26%),and emergency intensive care unit (8.26%).Antimicrobial re-sistance rates of A.baumannii increased year by year(all P <0.05);multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resist-ant A.baumannii also increased year by year (all P <0.001).Conclusion Isolation rate and antimicrobial resistance rate of A.baumannii strains increase year by year,multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant A.baumannii strains are obvious,which should be paid more attention in clinical department.

Objective:To explore whether sleep quality suffers in patients with mild Alzheimer's disease(AD)and mild cognitive impairment(MCI), and to further investigate the correlation between sleep disorders and cognitive function in these patients.Methods:In this study, 30 mild AD patients, 39 MCI patients and 43 demographically matched healthy controls were enrolled.Sleep quality was assessed by the Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI), and cognitive function was assessed by the mini-mental state examination(MMSE), the Montreal cognitive assessment(MoCA)and a set of neuropsychological scales.The correlation of sleep quality with cognitive function was analyzed for the three groups.Results:Differences were significant in sleep time score[0.0(1.0), 1.0(2.0) vs.1.0(1.0), F=8.18, P=0.02]and daytime function score[1.0(1.0), 1.0(1.0) vs.0.0(1.0), F=8.73, P=0.01]between mild AD, MCI and health control groups.Spearman correlation analysis suggested that scores of sleep disorders were negatively correlated with DSB( r=-0.43, P=0.02)and scores of daytime function were positively correlated with ADL( r=0.39, P=0.03)in patients with mild AD.In addition, scores of sleep quality were negatively correlated with the DSB score( r=-0.40, P=0.01), scores of sleep disorders were positively correlated with ADL( r=0.45, P<0.01), scores of daytime function were negatively correlated with DSF( r=-0.42, P=0.01), DSB( r=-0.62, P<0.01)and VFT-S( r=-0.33, P=0.04), and the total PSQI score was negatively correlated with DSF( r=-0.45, P=0.01)and DSB( r=-0.44, P=0.01)in the MCI group. Conclusions:Patients with mild AD and MCI have longer sleep time and impaired daytime function than healthy people, and sleep quality is correlated with memory, attention and daily living ability in patients with mild AD and MCI.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of garlicin on the levels of interferon gamma (INF-gamma) and interleukin 4 (IL-4) in blood of allergic rhinitis rat model.

METHODSThirty healthy female SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: control group, negative control group and experimental group, 10 rats for each group. Ten rats (experimental group) were sensitized and intranasally challenged by ovalbumin, aluminium hydroxide hydrate gel and Bordetella pertussis inactive microorganism suspension adjuvants, as allergic rhinitis models, and then injection of garlicin(0.4 ml) intraperitoneally per day for 10 days. Control group rats were immunized as experimental group, and then injection of physiological saline as equal volume as garlicin. Negative control group rats were investigated using physiological saline. Blood of intrajugular vein of rat was extracted for separated plasma Enzyme liked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was utilized to detect the serum levels of IL-4 and IFN-gamma.

RESULTSThe serum levels (x +/- s) of IL4 were (22.81 +/- 8.79) pg/L, (41.43 +/- 4.93) pg/L, (9.93 +/- 2.07) pg/L, and those of IFN-gamma were (22.32 +/- 11.20) pg/L, (11.35 +/- 2.45) pg/L and (21.69 +/- 5.93) pg/L, respectively, among experimental group, control group and negative control group. The serum level of IL-4 in experimental group rats was lower than value of control group rats (t = 3.22, P < 0.05), while higher than negative control group (t = 4.17, P < 0.05). The serum level of IFN-gamma was increased significantly in experimental group rats with significant difference when compared with value of control group rats (t = 3.84, P < 0.05), while no difference was shown between experimental group and negative control group (t = 1.47, P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSGarlicin could increase serum level of INF-gamma and decrease serum level of IL4 significantly in allergic rhinitis rat model. It played an important role on regulating serum levels of cytokines of Thl and Th2.

Allyl Compounds ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Disulfides ; pharmacology ; Female ; Interferon-gamma ; blood ; Interleukin-4 ; blood ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal ; blood ; Th1 Cells ; drug effects ; Th2 Cells ; drug effects

OBJECTIVETo determine serum carnitine levels in patients with liver diseases and to investigate their significance.

METHODS25 patients with acute viral hepatitis, 34 with chronic viral hepatitis, 22 with post hepatitis cirrhosis with normal renal function, 9 with post hepatitis cirrhosis but with renal disfunction, and 40 healthy subjects (serving as controls) were enrolled in this study. An enzymatic cycling method was used to determine the serum free carnitine levels.

RESULTSThe serum free carnitine level was (48.3+/-10.2)micromol/L in the healthy control group. It was (35.2+/-13.2)micromol/L in the acute viral hepatitis group, (36.5+/-9.9)micromol/L in the chronic viral hepatitis group, (45.0+/-11.0)micromol/L in the post hepatitis cirrhosis with normal renal function group, and (83.6+/-50.4)micromol/L in the post hepatitis cirrhosis with renal dysfunction group. Serum free carnitine levels in the acute viral hepatitis and chronic viral hepatitis groups were significantly lower than those in the healthy controls. There were no significant differences in serum free carnitine levels of the post hepatitis cirrhosis group and the normal control group.

CONCLUSIONSPatients with liver diseases can have carnitine metabolism errors. One of the secondary carnitine lack causes is liver disease.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carnitine ; blood ; Chronic Disease ; Female ; Hepatitis, Viral, Human ; blood ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged

AIMTo study the physicochemical properties and the structure of Achyranthes bidentata polysaccharide (AbPS).

METHODSAbPS was isolated from the roots of Achyranthes bidentata Bl., and purified by gel filtration chromatography. The distribution of the molecular weight of AbPS was determined by ESI-MS. The structure of AbPS was deduced by methylation analysis, reductive-cleavage and 13CNMR spectroscopy.

RESULTSAbPS was shown to compose of fructose residues and glucose residues and the molar ratio was 8:1. AbPS contain 2,1-linked fructose residue, 2,1-linked fructose residue, 1,2,6-linked fructose residue, terminal fructose residue and terminal glucose residue.

CONCLUSIONAbPS is a fructan and belong to graminan.

Achyranthes ; chemistry ; Fructans ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Methylation ; Molecular Structure ; Molecular Weight ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Hepatitis, Chronic ; mortality ; therapy ; Humans ; Liver Failure ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Sorption Detoxification ; Survival Rate

We investigated the fatty acid profiles of muscle from large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea R.) of different age. One- and two-year-old fish were cultured in floating net cages and sampled randomly for analysis. Moisture, protein, lipid and ash contents were determined by methods of Association of Analytical Chemist (AOAC) International. Fatty acid profile was determined by gas chromatography. Crude protein, fat, moisture and ash contents showed no significant differences between the two age groups. The contents of total polyunsaturated fatty acids and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) were significantly higher and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) content was significantly lower in the two-year-old large yellow croaker than in the one-year-old (P<0.05). No significant differences were observed in the contents of total saturated fatty acids and monounsaturated fatty acids, or the ratio of n-3/n-6 fatty acids among the large yellow croakers of the two age groups. We conclude that large yellow croakers are good food sources of EPA and DHA.
Age Factors ; Animals ; Fatty Acids ; analysis ; Muscles ; chemistry ; Perciformes ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo study the epidemiological and clinical characteristics and risk factors of cirrhosis-related hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection.

METHODSEighty-nine compensated and decompensated HCV cirrhosis patients were analyzed and followed-up. The main clinical and laboratory variables were analyzed as incidence factors of HCC with univariate analysis and multivariate analysis regression models.

RESULTSThe patients were followed-up for 86 months. Thirty-five of the 89 patients had HCC during the 86 months follow-up. Their five and ten-year cumulative incidences were 16.9% and 40.4% respectively. Of the 35 HCC patients, 4 had a family history of hepatitis C, 12 had a familial history of HCC, and 7 had a history of alcohol ingestion. Five and ten-year cumulative incidences of HCC in patients with hepatic steatosis were 24.6% and 51.0% respectively. Five-year and ten-year cumulative incidences of HCC in patients with non-hepatic steatosis were 8.7% and 26.2% respectively, and the difference in the cumulative incidences between them was significant (P < 0.05). Hepatic steatosis severity was associated with the severity of the cirrhosis. ALT and TBil levels were higher in the HCC group than in the non-HCC group, ALB was lower in the HCC group than in the non-HCC group, and the differences between them were significant (P < 0.05). Child-Pugh score and the severity of the hepatic steatosis during follow-up were independently correlated with HCC.

CONCLUSIONHCC is the most important and frequent outcome of chronic hepatitis C cirrhosis. Child-Pugh score and the severity of the hepatic steatosis are related to the risk factors. History of alcohol ingestion and family history of hepatitis C are also related to liver cancer.

Aged ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; etiology ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hepatitis C, Chronic ; complications ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; complications ; Liver Neoplasms ; etiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Risk Factors

OBJECTIVETo design and synthesize a series of squamosamide cyclic analogues and to test their antioxidation activity.

METHODSEleven 3-substituted indole-2-one derivatives were designed and synthesized through 9 steps with p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid as the starting material and their structures were confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry.

RESULTSEleven compounds showed antioxidation activity and the activities of compounds 9 and 13 matches the positive control FLZ-52.

CONCLUSIONCyclic reconstruction with FLZ-52 as the lead compound have some antioxidation activity.

Animals ; Annonaceae ; chemistry ; Antioxidants ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Benzeneacetamides ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Phenols ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Rats