Objective To make a comparative assessment on both the therapeutic effects and side effects between percutaenous lauromacrogol injection therapy(PLIT) and percutaenous ethanol injection therapy(PEIT) for simple hepatic or renal cyst.Methods In group A,55 patients with simple hepatic or renal cysts underwent ultrasound-guided aspiration and successive PLIT.The intra-operative side effects were investigated and the therapeutic effects assessment by using ultrasonography was conducted 3 months after the treatment.In group B,60 patients with simple hepatic or renal cysts had received ultrasound-guided aspiration and PEIT sometime before.The intra-operative side effects and therapeutic effects on the thirdmonth ultrasonography were independently reviewed according to their case records.Results In group A,3 patients(5.5 ％) expressed slight discomfort but not pain while receiving lauromacrogol injection.Follow-up ultrasound examination at the end of third month demonstrated the cysts in 43 patients completely regressed,while cysts in rest 12 patients shrank over 50 ％ in size,showing the overall response rate(ORR) and completely cure rate(CCR) were 100％ (55/55) and 78.2％ (43/55) for PLIT respectively.In group B,12 patients(20％) suffered from slight to moderate irritating pain or drunk performance.The third-month ultrasound examination disclosed that cysts in 47 patients completely vanished,and cysts in the other 13patients shrank more than a half,indicating the ORR and CCR were 100％ (60/60) and 78.3 ％ (47/60) for PEIT respectively.Conclusions Although their therapeutic efficacy are perfectly similar,PLIT is much more superior to PEIT in term of less and minor side effects.

By using microwave extraction, a GC/MS method was developed for the determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ( PAHs) content in soil which is around the discharge ditch of oily wastewater, and a correlation analysis of the content of organic matter in soil was carried out. The results showed that PAHs in the surface soil pollution were mainly from 2 to 4 rings of low molecular PAHs, and the PAHs with high molecular were not detected. Each sampling point belongs to slight or moderate pollution and the overall assessment is moderate pollution, which is middle and low lever in comparison with soil data of central regions. The origin may be the low molecular PAHs of oil pollution along with the atmospheric transmission, but it cannot be completely excluded the possibility of fuel combustion pollution. No obvious correlation was found between the content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and organic matter.

Objective To investigate the role of Th17 cells and related cytokines in Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori) infection.Methods To establish a mouse model of H.pyloriinfectious gastritis.Meanwhile,a treatment group and control group were set up.The histological changes in the gastric mucosa were observed and scored under light microscopy;The expression of IL-17 and IL-23 mRNAs as well as protein in gastric tissue was detected by RT-PCR and ELISA,respectively;Th17 cells in mice splenocyte were evaluated using the flow cytometry (FCM) method.Results We found significantly higher levels of IL-17 and IL-23 protein and mRNA levels in supernatant of gastric tissue homogenates of infection group as compared to controls and Th17 cells in spleen from mice of H.pylori infection group were all obviously higher than that of control group;IL-17 mRNA,IL-23 mRNA and the ratio of Th17 cells in mice splenocyte of H.pylori infection group mice increased gradually with the time prolonged;The levels of both mRNA and protein levels of IL-17and IL-23 decreased significantly in the treatment group compared with pre-treatment;There was a positive correlation between IL-17 and IL-23 expression levels of mice gastric mucosa and gastric inflammation degree.Conclusion H.pylori infection induced the immune response of Th17 cells;The levels of IL-17 and IL-23 increased in gastric mucosa of mice after H.pyloriinfection;The degree of H.pylori-infected mice gastric inflammation was positive correlation with the levels of IL-17 and IL-23 of gastric mucosa.

Yinchenzhufu decoction (YCZFD) is a classic formula for treating Yin Huang syndrome, which can improve liver injury caused by cholestasis. However, the mechanism of action of YCZFD still remains unclear. This article used network pharmacology, molecular docking, animal experiments, and molecular biology methods to explore the mechanism of YCZFD in treating liver injury caused by cholestasis. A mouse model of acute cholestasis induced by lithocholic acid was used to investigate the effects of YCZFD on liver injury. The experimental procedures described in this paper were reviewed and approved by the Ethical Committee at the Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (approval NO. PZSHUTCM190823002). The results showed that YCZFD could reduce the levels of blood biochemical indicators and improve hepatocyte damage of cholestatic mice. Then, multiple databases were used to predict the corresponding targets of YCZFD active components on cholestatic liver injury. An intersection target protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks based on String database and Cytoscape software was used to demonstrate the possible core targets of YCZFD against cholestatic liver injury. The results indicated that core targets of YCZFD include tumor necrosis factor, interleukin-1β, non-receptor tyrosine kinase Src, interleukin-6, etc. GO (gene ontology) and KEGG (kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes) enrichment analysis indicated that YCZFD may regulate the tumor necrosis factor signaling pathway, nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway, bile secretion, and other related factors to ameliorate the cholestatic liver injury. AutoDockTools software was used to perform molecular docking verification on the core targets and components of YCZFD. To verify the results of network pharmacology, UPLC-MS/MS method was used to determine the effect of YCZFD on levels of bile acid profiles in mouse liver tissues. It was found that treatment with YCZFD significantly reduced the content of free bile acids, taurine bound bile acids, and total bile acids in the liver tissues of cholestatic mice. Then, results from real time PCR and Western blot also found that YCZFD can upregulate the expression of hepatic nuclear receptor farnesoid X receptor, metabolizing enzyme (UDP glucuronidase transferase 1a1), and efflux transporters (bile salt export pump, multidrug resistance-associated protein 2, multidrug resistance-associated protein 3, etc) in cholestasis mice, promote bile acid metabolism and excretion, and improve bile acid homeostasis. Moreover, YCZFD can also inhibit pyroptosis and inflammation by regulating NOD-like receptors 3 pathway, thereby inhibiting cholestatic liver injury.

To carry out pathologic diagnoses and whole-genome sequence analyses of the Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus (JSRV) in Xinjiang, China, we first observed sheep suspected to have the JSRV. Then, the extracted virus suspension was observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Total RNAs from lungs of JSRV-infected sheep were extracted and reverse-transcribed using a cDNA synthesis kit. Six pairs of primers were designed according to the exogenous reference virus strain (AF105220). Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was carried out from JSRV-infected tissue, and the whole genome of the JSRV sequenced. Our results showed: flow of nasal fluid ("wheelbarrow test"); different sizes of adenoma lesions in the lungs; papillary hyperplasia of alveolar epithelial cells; alveolar cavity filled with macrophages; dissolute nuclei in central lesions. TEM revealed JSRV particles with a diameter of 88 nm to 125. 4 nm. The full-length of the viral genome sequence was 7456 bp. BLAST analyses showed nucleotide homology of 96% and 95% compared with that of the representative strain from the USA (AF105220) and UK (AF357971). Nucleotide homology was 89.8% and 89.9% compared with the endogenous Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus, Inner Mongolia strain (DQ838493) and USA strain (EF680300). The specific pathogenic amino-acid sequence "YXXM" was found in the TM district, similar to the exogenous JSRV: this gene has been reported to be oncogenic. This is the first report of the complete genomic sequence of the exogenous JSRV from Xinjiang, and could lay the foundation for study of the biological characteristics and pathogenic mechanisms of the pulmonary adenomatosis virus in sheep.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; China ; Genome, Viral ; Jaagsiekte sheep retrovirus ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; pathogenicity ; Lung ; pathology ; virology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Pulmonary Adenomatosis, Ovine ; pathology ; virology ; Sheep ; Viral Proteins ; chemistry ; genetics ; Virulence

Objective To investigate the effects of intravitreal injection of conbercept on diffuse macular edema (DME) of diabetes mellitus.Methods Together 51 diabetic patients (51 eyes) with diffuse macular edema were collected between July 2016 to July 2017,and randomly divided into three groups (n =17):group A,in which patients received solely intravitreal injection of 0.5 mg conbercept,group B,those who was intravitreally injected with 0.5 mg of conbercept and modified macular grating photocoagulation,and group C,patients undergoing modified grid photocoagulation (GPG).Then,before treatment and 1 week,1 month,3 months and 6 months after treatment,all patients were examined by optical coherence tomography for determining central macular thickness (CMT),followed by fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA),the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA),slit lamp,intraocular pressure for compare the efficacy and safety of the three procedures.Results All the three treatments improved BCVA,CMT,retinal neovascularization (RNV) leakage in diffuse DME patients,but group A and B were better than group C (both P ＜ 0.05),while there was no significant difference in BCVA improvement between A and B group (P ＞ 0.05),whereas the improvement in CMT of group B patients was better than that of group A [(197.47 ±45.26) μm vs.(205.59 ± 47.33) μm] (P ＜ 0.001),and this was true of RNV leakage [(9.91 ±3.18)mm vs.(13.24 ±4.87) rnm] (P＜0.001),without related complications.Conclusion Combination of modified macular grid photocoagulation and intravitreal injection of conbercept can quickly relieve diabetic macular edema and alleviate neovascularization,thus improving the patients' vision acuity,of which the efficacy is superior to the pure modified macular grid photocoagulation and conbercept injection.

OBJECTIVETo compare the effects and mechanism of blood enriching on mouse model of blood deficiency syndrome induced by cyclophosphamide of albiflorin and paeoniflorin.

METHODAlbiflorin and paeoniflorin were determined by using animal models of blood deficiency syndrome induced by cyclophosphamide. The amount of WBC, RBC, HGB, index of thymus gland and spleen, and the changes of GM-CSF, IL-3 and TNF-α in serum were detected after the treatment.

RESULTCompared with the model group, the amount of WBC in the group of 30 mg x kg(-1) albiflorin and 30 mg x kg(-1) paeoniflorin were increased obviously (P < 0.01). The amount of RBC in the group of 30 mg x kg(-1) albiflorin and 30 mg x kg(-1) paeoniflorin were increased obviously (P < 0.01, P < 0.001), which did not had a significant difference compared with the same dose. The index of thymus gland in the group of 30 mg x kg(-1) albiflorin was superior to the model group (P < 0.01), the difference was significant compared with the same dose of paeoniflorin (P < 0.05). The GM-CSF in serum in all groups of 30 mg x kg(-1) albiflorin, 15 mg x kg(-1) albiflorin, 30 mg x kg(-1) paeoniflorin and 15 mg x kg(-1) paeoniflorin increased obviously (P < 0.01, P < 0.05, P < 0.01, P < 0.05); The IL-3 in serum in both group of 30 mg x kg(-1) albiflorin and 30 mg x kg(-1) paeoniflorin also increased (P < 0.001). The content of TNF-α in group of 30 mg x kg(-1) albiflorin and 30 mg x kg(-1) paeoniflorin were reduced (P < 0.01), which showed the obvious difference compared with the same dose group (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONAlbiflorin had the effect of blood enriching by regulating the immune function, same with the paeoniflorin. The probable mechanism of nourishing blood and liver of Paeoniae Radix Alba was not only the better effect of adjusting the content of TNF-α, but also might act synergistically with paeoniflorin.

Animals ; Blood Cells ; drug effects ; Bridged-Ring Compounds ; pharmacology ; Cyclophosphamide ; toxicity ; Glucosides ; pharmacology ; Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor ; blood ; Hematopoiesis ; drug effects ; Interleukin-3 ; blood ; Male ; Mice ; Monoterpenes ; pharmacology ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; blood

ObjectiveTo study the effects of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA),and inhibitors for vesicular monoamine transporter (VMAT) on 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT),norepinephrine (NE) and dopamine (DA) and the expressions of tryptophan hydroxylase (TpH) mRNA,dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DβH) mRNA and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) mRNA in PC12 cells.Methods The cell viability was determined using MTT assay, the density of 5-HT, NE and DA was detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,and the expressions of TpHmRNA,DβHmRNA and THmRNA were detected using RT-PCR in PC12 cells at different time points (0,12,24,36,48 h )after exposure to different concentrations of 6-OHDA(25,50,100,200 μmol/L),and VMAT inhibitors,reserpine (50,100,400,1600 nmol/L),which combined with 6-OHDA( 100 μmol/L).Results (1)The cell viability declined with the increasing concentration of 6-OHDA which showed time dependence.The cell viability in PC12 cell which treated with reserpine decreased significantly in the responding group.The density of 5-HT in PC12 cell did not decrease with the increasing concentration of 6-OHDA,but the change had the time dependence,and the density of 5-HT was lowest at 36 h.The density of NE decreased with the increasing concentration of 6-OHDA which showed time dependence. The density of DA in PC12 cell decreased with the increasing concentration of 6-OHDA,but the change did not have the time dependence.The density of 5-HT,NE and DA in PC12 cell which treated with reserpine decreased significantly in the responding group. (2) The expressions of TpHmRNA, DβHmRNA and THmRNA in PC12 cell decreased with the increasing concentration of 6-OHDA which showed time dependence.The expressions of TpHmRNA(0.006 ± 0.001,0.003 ± 0.000,0.003 ± 0.000,0.002 ± 0.000) ; DβHmRNA (0.005 ± 0.002,0.003 ± 0.001,0.002 ±0.001,0.001 ± 0.000) and THm RNA (0.005 ± 0.002,0.003 ± 0.001,0.002 ± 0.001,0.001 ± 0.000) in PC12 cell which treated with reserpine decreased significantly in the responding group(F =13.336,9.000,9.393,all P =0.000).Conclusions6-OHDA can decrease the cell viability in PC12 cell,reduce the density of 5-HT,NE and DA and decrease the expressions of TpHmRNA,DβHmRNA and THmRNA,and the effects have dose and time dependence.Reserpine can aggravate this damage.

Objective To explore the value of brain CT scanning for distinguishing tumor-like inflammatory demyelinating diseases (TIDD) from glioma or primary central nervous system lymphoma.Methods The brain CT features in 20 patients with TIDD(10 female,10 male;mean age (35.6±14.0)years;range,6-51 years)and 32 gliomas(16 female,16 male;mean age(42.0±19.8)years;range,12-75 years)and 6 lymphomas(3 female,3 male;mean age(53.8±11.8)years;range,32-68 years)were retrospectively reviewed and compared between brain tumors and TIDD.Results (1)Among the 38 primary brain tumors,there were 19 cases(50%,14 gliomas,5 lymphomas)with hyperdense lesions,10 cases(26.3%,9 gliomas,1 lymphomas)with isodense lesions,and 9 glionms (23.7%)with hypodense lesions.In contrast,the brain unenhanced CT manifestation of 20 TIDD all showed with hypodense lesions.(2)On unenhanced CT the lesions of 6 lymphomas all were hyperdense or isodense,like 90% of 20 high grade gliomas(WHO grade Ⅲ and Ⅳ),but this rate for grade Ⅱ was only 41.7%.(3)According to the shape of hyperdense lesions of the 19 primary brain tumors with,7 cages(6 gliomas,1 lymphomas)manifested with asymmetric hyperdense small-patches,4 cases(1 gliomas,3 lymphomas)with symmetric hyperdense large-patches,4 cases(3 gliomas,1 lymphomas)with diffused hyperdensed lesions,and 4 cases(4 gliomas)with ring-shaped hyperdensed lesions.Furthermore,4 primary brain tumors(4 lymphomas)underwent CT enhanced scanning and all the cases showed strong enhancement(3 cases with hyperdense lesions and 1 with isodense lesions on unenhanced CT),but only 3 cases of 7 TIDD showed mild enhancement in contrast.(4)By Spearman's relevant analysis,hyperdense and isodense on unenhanced CT was proved to have significant positive correlation between the grade of gliomas(r=0.435,P=0.013).Therefore,the frequency of hyperdense and isodense lesions in lymphomas and WHO grade Ⅲ and Ⅳ astrocytoma was higher in contrast with low grade astrocytoma.Conclusions Brain CT as a simple,economical and practical examination method has significant meaning for differentiating TIDD from glioma or PCNSL and could be used as an adjuvant method for MRI and magnetic resonance spectroscopy.Patients with hyperdense or isodense on unenhanced CT or strong enhancement could be excluded from TIDD.

Objective To measure and assess CT perfusion value for peri-pancreatic metastatic lymph node by using multiple spiral CT (MSCT) with body perfusion software package. Methods The MSCT perfusion imaging was performed for peri-pancreatic metastatic lymph nodes and muscle on a multi-section CT scanner (SOMATOM Sensation Cardiac 64). 4 x 5 mm collimation, 120 kV, 60mA. Contrast injection was done with 40 ml nonionic contrast agent (300 mg l/ml), at a flow rate of 4.0 ml/s, and 5 seconds delay, and data acquisition lasted for 40 seconds. The mean blood flow (BF) were measured and analyzed in patients with pathologically proven peri-pancreatic metastatic lymph nodes(n=29)and hyperplastic lymph nodes(n=15) on work station using body perfusion software (Siemens) with deconvolution method. Results The mean BF in peri-pancreatic metastatic lymph nodes were (53.63±18.82) ml·min-1·100 ml-1, in hyperplastic lymph nodes were 29.78±7.52 ml·min-1·100 ml-1, the difference was significant (P<0.001). Conclusions Perfusion imaging of MSCT was useful in differentiation between peri-pancreatic metastatic lymph nodes and hyperplastic lymph nodes.