Objective To explore neurobehavioral changes in rats with recurrent seizures and the prevention effect of melatonin.Methods 6-day-old (P6) SD rats were randomly divided into four groups of 24 (n =6):the control group (CONT),melatonin per se group (MEL),recurrent neonatal seizure group (RS) and melatonin administration prior to RS group (RS + MEL).Rats in RS group were subjected to 5 seizures with flurothyl during the first 14 days of life.In RS + MEL group,melatonin was injected at 8:00 before seizures were induced.Neurobehavioral tests including Plane righting experiment,Cliff avoidance test,the grip-strength test and negative geotaxis test were implemented on P24,while open field test on P35.Results (1) Plane righting experiment:the time of plane righting in RS group ((0.33 ± 0.51)s) was significantly shorter than that in the CONT group ((1.17 ± 0.40) s) and RS + MEL group ((0.50 ± 0.54) s) (P ＜ 0.05).(2) Cliff avoidance test:the time of cliff avoidance in RS group ((16.00 ± 6.32) s) was significantly longer than that in CONT group ((4.00 ± 2.60) s)(P ＜ 0.01),while the time of cliff avoidance in RS + MEL group ((7.67 ± 3.26) s) was shorter than that in the RS group (P ＜ 0.05).(3) The grip-strength test:compared with CONT group ((49.50 ± 28.96) s),the time needed to hold on wire in RS group((11.67 ± 7.58)s)was significantly shorter (P ＜ 0.05) and longer in RS+ MEL group ((24.83 ± 6.61) s) (P ＜ 0.05).(4) Negative geotaxis test:the time for rats to turn 180° upward in RS group((7.67 ± 1.36) s) was longer than that in the CONT group ((4.50 ± 2.66) s) and RS + MEL group ((6.17 ± 0.75) s) (P ＜ 0.05).(5) Open field test:the time for rats to begin to run in the RS group ((8.17 ± 3.86) s) was longer than that in the CONT group ((3.00 ± 1.41) s) (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The neurobehaviors are damaged following flurothyl-induced recurrent neonatal seizures,and melatonin can reduce the neurobehavioral injury.

Objective To investigate dynamic expressions of cortex clusterin (CLU) and intervention effect of ketogenic diet (KD) on neonatal rats with recurrent seizures.Methods Thirty-six-8-day postnatal SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups:normal control group (NS + ND group,n =12),and the recurrent-seizure and normal diet group (RS + ND group,n =12),and the recurrent-seizure and KD group (RS + KD group,n =12).From 9 d,rats in RS + ND group and RS + KD group were subjected to recurrent seizures induced by volatile flurothyl 30 min each day for consecutive 8 days.Rats in NS + ND group were placed into the container for an equal amount of time to their counterpart without exposure to flurothyl.Scores on neurological behaviors at 35 days postnatally were examined.CLU protein levels in cerebral cortex were determined by Western blot at 58 days postnatally.Results Neurodevelopmental indicators analysis:in the plane righting experiment,there were significant differences between NS + ND group [(1.03 ± 0.54) s],R S + KD group [(0.89 ± 0.16) s] and RS + ND group [(0.64 ± 0.30) s] about the time of plane righting (all P ＜ 0.05) ; in the negative geotaxis reaction experiment,the rats of NS + ND group [(1.92 ± 0.90) s],and RS + KD group [(5.17 ± 0.72) s] about the time of negative geotaxis reaction were significantly different compared with RS + ND gouup [(7.33 ± 0.65) s] (all P ＜ 0.01).In the cliff avoidance test,there were significant differences between NS + ND group,R S + KD group [(4.33 ± 2.54) s,(8.75 ± 2.26) s] and R S + ND group [(16.58 ± 4.25) s] about the time of cliff avoidance (all P ＜ 0.01).Western blot showed that the expression of CLU in cerebral cortex of the RS + ND group [(2.24 ± 0.53) s] was obviously increased compared with NS + ND group [(1.44 ± 0.11) s] (P ＜0.01),and there also had significant difference between RS + KD group [(1.56 ±0.24) s] and RS + ND group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions It shows that the up-regulated expression of CLU in cerebral cortex may be associated with recurrent neonatal seizure-induced brain damage,while KD may protect them from recurrent neonatal seizure-induced brain damage by down-regulating expression of CLU.

Objective To investigate the expression and significance of nuclear transcription factor-?B(NF-?B) in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL) and the effect of dexamethasone(DEX) on its expression,to provide the experimental base for corresponding clinical treatment of the ALL,in which NF-?B is taken as a target.Methods 1.The biotin-streptavidin method was used to detect NF-?B P65 protein on 20 childhood ALL patients and 20 healthy children.2.The effect of DEX at clinically relevant dosage on NF-?B P65 protein were also detected by the biotin-streptavidin method.Results 1.The positive expression rate of NF-?B P65 protein in childhood ALL patients was 85.50%,obviously higher than that in normal group(10.0%)(?~2=22.56 P

The history and present status of phytoplasma classification are introduced briefly in this paper.The newly classification methods and rules for the description of Candidatus species are reviewed.The key problems and direction on the classification and identification of phytoplasmas in China are discussed.

Objective To investigate the intervention effect of ketogenic diet (KD) on neurobehavioral demages after flurothyl-induced recurrent neonatal seizures in rats and on the expression of ApoE.Methods Postnatal day 8 (P8) SD rats (quantity:48) were randomly divided into two groups:the non-seizure group (NS group,n =24) and the recurrent-seizure group (RS group,n =24).From P9,rats in RS group were subjected to recurrent seizures induced by volatile flurothyl 30 min each day for consecutive 8 days.While rats in NS group were placed into the container for an equal amount of time to their counterpart without exposuring to flurothyl.At P28,each group was divided into two groups again:non-seizure and normal diet group(NS + ND group,n =12),non-seizure and ketogenic diet group(NS + KD group,n =12),recurrent-seizure and normal diet group (RS + ND group,n =12),recurrent-seizure and ketogenic diet group(RS + KD group,n =12).At P42,neurodevelopmental indicators were monitored.ApoE protein levels in cerebral cortex were determined by western blot at P58.Results Neurodevelopmental indicators were analyzed at P42:in the plane righting experiment,the rats of group NS + ND (1.0 ±0.14) about the time of plane righting was significant different comparing with group RS + ND ((0.75 ±0.32) s) (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference between group RS + KD and group RS + ND about the time of plane righting(P＞ 0.05).In the negative geotaxis reaction experiment,the rats of groups NS + KD and RS + ND((3.17 ± 0.58)s,(6.75 ± 0.75)s) about the time of negative geotaxis reaction were significant different comparing with group NS + ND ((1.58 ±0.52)s) (P＜0.05).Compared with group RS + ND,the group RS + KD in the time of negative geotaxis reaction was obviously shortened (P ＜ 0.05).In the cliff avoidance test,there were significant differences between group NS + ND、RS + KD ((5.75 ± 2.90) s,(9.50 ± 4.36) s) and group RS + ND ((14.00 ± 4.79) s) about the time of cliff avoidance (P ＜ 0.05).In western blot,the expression of ApoE in cerebral cortex in the RS + ND group (1.26 ± 0.30) was obviously increased compared with group NS + ND (0.78 ±0.12) (P＜0.05),and there had also significant difference between group RS + KD (0.89 ±0.10) and group RS + ND (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The neuroprotective effects of ketogenic diet on recurrent neonatal seizure-induced neurobehavioral demages may be associated with the reduction of ApoE in cerebral cortex.

Objective To compare the effect of routine ketogenic diet and every other day ketogenic diet on neurobehavioral damage induced by recurrent seizures in neonatal rats.Methods 48 postnatal day 8 (P8) SD rats were randomly divided into four groups with 12 in each group:the control group (CONT),the recurrent seizure group(RS+ND),recurrent seizure + routine ketogenic diet group(RS+KD) and recurrent seizure+ every other day ketogenic diet group(RS+KOD).The recurrent seizures model was induced by flurothyl at p9 and last for 8 days.After a day of fasting the postnatal 28 day rats were placed on either ordinary or ketogenic diet according to packet design.Plane righting experiment,cliff avoidance test and negative geotaxis test were used to assess the neurobehavioral performance at p35.Results (1) Plane righting experiment:the plane fighting time of RS+ ND group ((0.17±0.39) s) was significantly shorter than that of NS+ND group ((0.67 ±0.49) s) (P＜0.05) ; and the plane righting time of RS+KD group((0.58±0.52) s) was significantly longer than that of RS+ND group ((0.17±0.39) s) (P＜0.05).There was no statistical significance between RS+KOD group((0.17±0.39) s) and RS+ND group ((0.17±0.39) s) (P＞0.05).(2) Cliff avoidance test:the cliff avoidance time of RS+ND group ((12.58±4.83) s)was significantly longer than that of NS+ND group ((1.92±0.90) s),RS+KD group((3.33± 1.50)s) and RS+ KOD group (P＜0.05) ;and the cliff avoidance time of RS+KOD group((5.58± 1.93)s) was significant longer than that of RS+KD group ((3.33± 1.50) s) (P＜0.05).(3) Negative geotaxis test:the negative geotaxis time of RS+NDgroup((3.17±1.70)s) was significantly longer than that of NS+ND group((1.42±0.67) s) and RS+KD group ((1.42±0.52)s) (P＜0.05).There was no statistical significance between RS+KOD group and RS+ND group(P＞0.05).Conclusion The ketogenic diet can improve neurobehavioral damage caused by flurothyl-induced recurrent seizures in neonatal rats.The every other day KD group shows a weak intervention effect comparing with the routine KD group.

Nanofibers have been considered as a potential kind of sorbent for solid phase extraction, accordingly nanofiber-based solid phase extraction ( Nanofibers based solid phase extraction, NFs-SPE ) becomes a popular research point of sample pretreatment technique. This article reviewed in and abroad research status of practical application in food, environmental and biological sample preparation based on nanofibers mat, and proposed that there was a dual “structure”-“activity” relationship between target adsorption efficiency and the two structures ( nanometer morphological structure and molecular structure ) of nanofibers, which would be the key breakthrough to explore adsorption mechanism.

Objective To quantitatively analyze and compare the texture features of thermal and chemical lesions on the porcine striated muscle, in vitro extracted from high-frequency ultrasonograms using computer-assisted image analysis technique, and to investigate the application values. Methods The thermal lesion and chemical lesion were induced in vitro in porcine striated muscle by microwave ablation and anhydrous acetic acid injection, respectively. The two dimension (2D) ultrasonographic ifndings were qualitatively compared between the groups of thermal and chemical lesion models, in which eight textural features in geometric mathematics extracted from 2D ultrasonograms were quantitatively analyzed by a technique of computer-assisted image analysis named multiscale decomposition method of echo intensity of interface relfections. Results As expected, microwave ablation and anhydrous acetic acid caused signiifcant changes of several texture features extracted from ultrasonograms. There were significant differences between the normal group and microwave ablation group in grayscale mean (Mean), irregularity (IRGL) and periodicity of distribution (POD) as follows (Mean: 1.9143±0.2914 vs 1.2334±0.3357, t=-5.306, P=0.000; IRGL: 0.5577±0.0334 vs 0.5092±0.0459, t=-2.957, P=0.007; POD: 0.000 27±0.000 005 vs 0.000 29±0.000 008, t=4.782, P=0.000). There were signiifcant differences between the normal group and anhydrous acetic acid injection group in number of blobs (NOB), size of blobs (SOB) and periodicity of distribution (POD) as follows (NOB: 51.0324±13.6998 vs 31.6042±4.8315, t=4.633, P=0.000; SOB:16.4843±3.9349 vs 25.6230±2.3555, t=6.903, P=0.000;POD:0.000 26±0.000 015 vs 0.000 29±0.000 008, t=-4.459, P=0.000). For each group of injured regions, there were significant differences between the microwave ablation group and anhydrous acetic acid injection group in Mean, IRGL, NOB and SOB as follows (Mean: 1.2664±0.2688 vs 1.9143±0.2914, t=-5.661, P=0.000; IRGL: 0.5220±0.0422 vs 0.5577±0.0334, t=-2.295, P=0.032;NOB:51.0324±13.6998 vs 34.5856±2.6362, t=4.048, P=0.000;SOB:16.4843±3.9349 vs 25.3176±2.3501, t=-6.676, P=0.000). Conclusion Technique of computer-assisted image analysis named multiscale decomposition method of echo intensity of interface relfections, based on multiscale blob features extraction, was useful to differentiate ultrasonic texture features between the groups injured in our study, which established quantitative muscle ultrasound as a practical and reliable tool for the muscle injury diagnosis to distinguish the structural changes induced by different physiochemical factors.

Objective To establish reference methods for the measurement of catalytic activity concentrations of enzymes at 37℃ which have been published by IFCC and evaluate accuracy of reference methods.Methods Six reference methods for the measurement of catalytic activity of enzymes were established with two sets of apparatus systems of PE and Agilent according to International Federation of Clinical Chemistry(IFCC)37℃ reference procedures in two reference labs respectively.The commercial Roche calibrator c.f.a.s was used to monitor the precision of two reference labs as quality control material.Certified Reference Materials(CRMs)represented an efficient tool to assess the analytic performance for the verification of trueness and in two labs.The measurement accuracy of the assays for catalytic activity concentrations of 6 enzymes [alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),creatine kinase(CK),gamma-glutamyhransferase(GGT),amylase(AMY)]was further verified and validated by international ring trial program.Results The within-laboratory variations of 6 enzymes in both of the reference lab were ranged from 0.5%-1.9%.Their results showed fully agreement with deviation less than 2.1%.The value of CRM was in the tolerant limit and analytic accuracy was verified.The results of four enzymes(ALT,AST,GGT,AMY)lay within (x)±s.However,the result of CK and LDH lay within (x)±2s.Except sample A for the LDH testing,we did not find any deviation variable in the detection of other enzymes.Conclusions The reference methods for the measurement of catalytic activity of enzymes(ALT,AST,LDH,CK,GGT,AMY)at 37℃ in the two labs by use of two sets of apparatus systems of PE and Agilent have been established and these methods showed excellent stability and accuracy.

The pancreatic enzyme-II type collagenase digestion method was adopted for primary culture of osteoblasts, inoculation and passage. They were identified by alkaline phosphatase dye-liquor. N-butanol extract fractions from different processed products of Cibotium barometz were prepared. The above osteoblasts were jointly cultured with protocatechuic acid, protocatechuic aldehyde, kojic acid and the mixed control liquid of the above three substances, and their proliferation was detected by CCK-8. Various n-butanol extract fractions from different processed products of C. barometz showed a significant proliferative effect on osteoblasts in the order of the wined > the heated > the salted > the sand-heated and wined system > the alcohol-processed > the steamed > the crude. The q test showed no significant difference among sand-heated, alcohol-processed and steamed C. barometz, no significant difference between heated and salted C. barometz. Various control substances also showed a certain proliferative effect on osteoblasts in the order of the mixed control > protocatechuic aldehyde > protocatechuic acid > kojic acid. The q test showed no significant difference between protocatechuic aldehyde and protocatechuic acid. All of n-butanol extract fractions from different processed products of C. barometz showed a significant effect on osteoblast proliferation, of which wined C. barometz showed the best effect. All of phenolic compounds such as protocatechuic aldehyde, protocatechuic acid and kojic acid showed a significant proliferative effect on osteoblasts.
Animals ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Drug Compounding ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Osteoblasts ; cytology ; drug effects ; Pteridophyta ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley