Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of alprostadil in patients with septic shock associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS),and to explore its possible mechanism.Methods From January 2015 to June 2016,patients with septic shock associated with ARDS and meeting the inclusion criteria were involved in the study in department of critical care medicine in First Hospital of Lanzhou University and randomly divided into the control group and alprostadil group.The standard treatment was given in control group,alprostadil 10μg 2/d was given in alprostadil group on base of standard treatment.Monitoring indexes were recorded in 1,3 and 6 days after enrollment.General condition of patients,APACHE Ⅱ score,ventilator conditions (PO2,PCO2,RR,PEEP,FiO2,oxygenation index,airway resistance,lung compliance),mechanical ventilation time,ICU stay time,hospital follow-up,28-day follow-up,immune index (CD4+/CD8+),inflammatory markers (CRP,PCT,IL-6) were monitored.Results Sixty-five patients were included in this study,32 in control group and 33 in alprostadil group.At 3 and 6 days after the treatment,APACHE Ⅱ score,respiratory rate (RR),the inspired oxygen concentration (FiO2),airway resistance,and C reactive protein (CRP),procalcitonin (PCT)-6 and interleukin (IL-6) levels significantly decreased,compared with pretreatment and 1 day posttreatment,in the two groups and lower in alprostadil group than in the control group on the 6th day (P＜0.05);at the same time,these indexes such as arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2),lung compliance,oxygenation index,CD4+/CD8+ significantly increased 3 and 6 days after the treatment compared with pretreatment and 1 day posttreatment in the two groups,and on the 6thday,significantly higher in the alprostadil group than in the control group (P＜0.05).Time of mechanical ventilation,ICU stay and hospital stay in the alprostadil group was respectively lower than that in the control group (P＜0.05);The hospital mortality and the 28-day mortality rate were significantly lower in the alprostadil group than in the control group (P＜0.05).Conclusion Alprostadil can improve the lung function in patient with septic shock associated with ARDS,shorten the time of mechanical ventilation,ICU stay and hospital stay,and reduce the mortality rate,which may be associated with that alprostadil reduces systemic inflammatory reaction and enhance immunity by improving microcirculation.

Benzene, as a major indoor pollutant, has received widespread attention. In order to better control indoor benzene pollution and protect people's health, the limit value of benzene in the"Standards for indoor air quality (GB/T 18883-2022)'' was reduced from 0.11 mg/m³ to 0.03 mg/m³. This study reviewed and discussed the relevant technical contents of the determination of benzene limit value, including the exposure status of benzene, health effects, and derivation of the limit value. It also proposed prospects for the future direction of formulating indoor air benzene standards.
Humans ; Air Pollution, Indoor/prevention & control* ; Benzene/analysis* ; Air Pollutants/analysis* ; Environmental Pollutants ; China ; Environmental Monitoring

Benzene, as a major indoor pollutant, has received widespread attention. In order to better control indoor benzene pollution and protect people's health, the limit value of benzene in the"Standards for indoor air quality (GB/T 18883-2022)'' was reduced from 0.11 mg/m³ to 0.03 mg/m³. This study reviewed and discussed the relevant technical contents of the determination of benzene limit value, including the exposure status of benzene, health effects, and derivation of the limit value. It also proposed prospects for the future direction of formulating indoor air benzene standards.
Humans ; Air Pollution, Indoor/prevention & control* ; Benzene/analysis* ; Air Pollutants/analysis* ; Environmental Pollutants ; China ; Environmental Monitoring

Objective To investigate the effectiveness of a new health education pathway for echinococcosis control among primary school students in regions highly prevalent for echinococcosis in China. Methods Six primary schools were randomly selected from echinococcosis hyper-endemic regions, with 13 classes assigned to the intervention group and 9 to the control group, and all students in these 21 classes were recruited as the study subjects. Echinococcosis health education was performed through the pathway of assessing the current status-strengthening the building of teaching resources-focusing on practices in the intervention group, while routine health education was given in the control group. A questionnaire survey was performed to assess the score of echinococcosis control knowledge (including theoretical knowledge score and mean daily practical capability score) before and after the health education interventions to evaluate the effectiveness of this new health education pathway for echinococcosis control. Results The mean score of echinococcosis control knowledge was 68.86 ± 18.70 points at baseline, with the mean theoretical knowledge score of 40.97 ± 10.75 points, and the mean daily practical capability score of 27.89 ± 12.50 points. Clustering analysis showed three types of populations, including “unsatisfactory”, “learn and apply creatively”, and “rote learning”, which accounted for 24.62% (240/975), 45.74% (446/975) and 29.64% (289/975), respectively. The mean score of echinococcosis control knowledge was 81.08 ± 18.15 points in the intervention group during the final assessment, with the mean theoretical knowledge score of 43.65 ± 9.40 points, and the mean daily practical capability score of 37.43 ± 12.22 points, and both were significantly higher relative to baseline (t = −4.201 and −15.202, both P values < 0.01). The mean score of echinococcosis control knowledge was comparable between at baseline (70.55 ± 19.46 points) and final assessment (71.74 ± 19.37 points) in the control group (t = −0.87, P > 0.05). Conclusions The awareness of echinococcosis control knowledge is fair among primary school students in echinococcosis hyper-endemic regions; however, the capability of combining theoretical learning and practices requires to be improved. The health education mode based on the pathway of assessing the current status-strengthening the building of teaching resources-focusing on practices seems to remarkably improve the understanding of echinococcosis control knowledge among primary school students in echinococcosis hyper-endemic regions.