A novel unsaturated polyphosphoester (UPPE) was devised in our previous research, which is a kind of promising scaffold for improving bone regeneration. However, the polymerization process of UPPE scaffolds was unfavorable, which may adversely affect the bioactivity of osteoinductive molecules added if necessary, such as recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP2). The purpose of this study was to build a kind of optimal scaffold named UPPE-PLGA-rhBMP2 (UPB) and to investigate the bioactivity of rhBMP2 in this scaffold. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of UPB scaffold was assessed in vitro. A W1/O/W2 method was used to fabricate PLGA-rhBMP2 microspheres, and then the microspheres were added to UPPE for synthesizing UPB scaffold. The morphological characters of PLGA-rhBMP2 microspheres and UPB scaffolds were observed under the scanning electron microscopy and laser scanning confocal microscopy. The cumulative release of UPB scaffolds was detected by using ELISA. The cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of UPB scaffolds were evaluated through examining the adsorption and apoptosis of bone marrow stromal cells (bMSCs) seeded on the surface of UPB scaffolds. The bioactivity of rhBMP2 in UPB scaffolds was assessed through measuring the alkaline phosphates (ALP) activity in bMSCs seeded. The results showed that UPB scaffolds sequentially exhibited burst and sustained release of rhBMP2. The cytotoxicity was greatly reduced when the scaffolds were immersed in buffer solution for 2 h. bMSCs attached and grew on the surface of soaked UPB scaffolds, exerting well biocompatibility. The ALP activity of bMSCs seeded was significantly enhanced, indicating that the bioactivity of rhBMP2 remained and still took effect after the unfavorable polymerization process of scaffolds. It was concluded that UPB scaffolds have low cytotoxicity, good biocompatibility and preserve bioactivity of rhBMP2. UPB scaffolds are promising in improving bone regeneration.

The present study aimed to investigate the effect and the mechanisms of Bu-zhong-yi-qi-tang (BZYQ) on Spleen-Qi deficiency rat's model using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolomics and multivariate statistical analysis methods. The rat Spleen-Qi deficiency model was established as follows: oral administration of Radix Rhei extract, loaded swimming and starvation for 24 h. The body weight and motor behavior of the rats were measured and recorded once a week. BZYQ could significantly improve body weight and behavioral of Spleen-Qi deficiency model rats compared with the model group (P < 0.05, 0.01). After drug administration, the changes in the levels of endogenous metabolites in the spleen including decreasing lactate, taurine and hypoxanthine, increasing glutamate and scyllo-inositol compared with the model group. The metabolomics approach is an effective tool for the investigation of the pharmacologic mechanism of BZYQ and it is helpful to further research.
Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Metabolomics ; Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Qi ; Rats ; Spleen

Clinical data of 289 patients aged 60 years old and above with acute intestinal obstruction operated in Drum Tower Hospital during June 2010 to December 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. Among 289 cases, 97 cases(33.6%)had tumor, 66(22.8%)had external hernias, 44(15.2%)had adhesions, 36(12.5%)had volvulus, 20(6.9%)had internal hernias, 8(2.8%)had intussusception and 18(6.2%)had other causes. Of 156 strangulated intestinal obstruction cases, 51 cases(32.7%)had external hernias,36(23.1%)had volvulus, 26(16.7%)had adhesions, 18(11.5%)had internal hernias, 14(9.0%)had tumor, 8(5.1%)had intussusception, and 3(1.9%)had other causes. There was a history of abdominal surgery in 88.6%(39/44)cases of adhesion, 85.0% (17/20) cases of internal hernia and 61.1%(22/36)cases of volvulus. For patients with acute intestinal obstruction caused by intestinal tumor, the cases of small bowel obstruction, strangulated intestinal obstruction and the strangulated large bowel were significantly less than those of large bowel obstruction, the non-strangulated intestinal obstruction and the non-strangulated large bowel obstruction (5 vs. 92, 14 vs. 80, 12 vs. 83, respectively; all P<0.05). For patients with strangulated intestinal obstruction caused by external hernias, volvulus, internal hernias and intussusception were significantly more than those with non-strangulated intestinal obstruction groups(51 vs.15, 36 vs. 0, 18 vs. 2, 8 vs. 0, respectively; P<0.05). The patients with strangulated large bowel obstruction caused by external hernias( n=4) and volvulus( n=9)were significantly more than those with non-strangulated large bowel obstruction( n=1 and 0, respectively; P<0.05). The patients with strangulated small bowel obstruction caused by adhesions( n=26)and volvulus( n=27)were significantly more than those with non-strangulated small bowel obstruction( n=18 and 0,respectively; P<0.05).The study showed that the principal causes of emergency operation for acute intestinal obstruction and strangulated intestinal obstruction are intestinal tumor and external hernias in elderly patients.

Aspirin (AS) has been widely used globally for preventing incidence of cardio-cerebral ischemic disease for nearly 100 years.The people who takes AS for long term may reach several hun-dred million,but many persons were died from interned bleeding.We found salvianolic acids (salvianolic acid B 57％,salvianolic acid A 1％,rosmarinic acid,35％,SA)was much better than AS in preventing in-cidence of cardio-cerebral ischemic disease,and may avoid hemorrhage risk in clinical application.The research are summary briefly as follows: (1) both AS and AS have same anti-platelet aggregation ef-fect,but their mechanism is different.AS inhibited both TXA2 and PGI2,SA inhibited TXA2only;(2)For established thrombosis,SA could dissolved it, AS showed no effect. The thrombolytic mechanism of SA has been elucidated. (3) In SHRSP rats, the incidence of stroke and death rate in SA group was distinct less that of AS group;(4)In MCAO rats,SA and Sal B decreased stroke index and neural im-pairment. AS showed no such ability; (5) There is microcirculatory disturbance in cardio-cerebral isch-emic disease. SA could improve circulatory disturbance induced by LPS, adrenaline, ROS and I/r. there is no any paper reported AS could have beneficial effect on above mentioned microcirculatory dis-turbance models;(6)Hyperlipidemia is an independent risk factor for cardio-cerebral vascular disease. SA could significant hypolipidemic effect which is similar to that of statins(atovastin and simvastin)and ten times stronger than omega-3.AS has no inhibitory effect on hyperlipidemia.(7)Thereis overproduc-tion of ROS induced by ischemic/reperfusion in cardio-cererbal vascular disease.SA showed more ro-bust,anti-oxidant capacity than VitC,Vit E,melatonin,edalavone and resveratrol,etc.SA is one of the most powerful anti-oxidant in the world so far.(8)According to literatures,1/3 patients who take AS for long time will have hemorrhage, we found in normal rats and mice (coagulating and hemodynamics) SA had no apparent effect on coagulation system and this property of SA was confirmed in clinic trial with hundred thousand cases; (9) As well known, neurodegenerative disease are divided into acute and chronic neurodegenerative disease,and both have similar pathogenesis.We proved that SA could inhibit Aβ aggregation and fiber formation, inhibit tau hyperphosphorylation induced by OA and p25/CDK5,as well as increase neurogenesis and angiogenesis.More importantly,SA showed not only pre-ventive effect on cardio-cerebral vascular diseases. SA has been finished clinical trial phase I-IV for treatment of stroke.The therapeutic effect of SA is characterized by inducing multi-target effect and in-hibit pathogenesis of early,middle and late stage of stroke.SA as anti-stroke new drug was approved by the state food and drug administration of China in 2011.

Endophytic bacteria which was producing indoleacetic acid was screened from Panax ginseng by using the Salkowski method. The active strain was also tested for its ability of nitrogen fixation by using the Ashby agar plates, the PKV plates and quantitative analysis of Mo-Sb-Ascrobiology acid colorimetry was used to measure its ability of phosphate solubilization, for its ability of potassium solubilization the silicate medium and flame spectrophotometry was used, for its ability of producing siderophores the method detecting CAS was used, for its ability of producing ACC deaminase the Alpha ketone butyric acid method was applied. And the effect on promoting growth of seed by active strain was tested. The results showed that the indoleacetic acid producing strain of JJ5-2 was obtained from 118 endophytes, which the content of indoleacetic acid was 10.2 mg x L(-1). The JJ5-2 strain also had characteristics of phosphate and potassium solubilization, nitrogen fixation, producing siderophores traits, and the promoting germination of ginseng seeds. The JJ5-2 strain was identified as Bacillus thuringiensis by analyzing morphology, physiological and biochemical properties and 16S rRNA gene sequences.
Bacteria ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Endophytes ; isolation & purification ; metabolism ; Indoleacetic Acids ; metabolism ; Panax ; microbiology

AIMTo develop a high throughput screening assay to identify inhibitors of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).

METHODSICAM-1 expression in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated endothelial cells was measured by ELISA. The cytotoxicity of the compounds was measured by MTT.

RESULTSLipopolysaccharide (LPS) increased ICAM-1 expression in HUVEC in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Two thousand compounds were screened and the hit rate was 1.5%. Among these 30 compounds, 24 were cytotoxic.

CONCLUSIONThe ELISA method was inexpensive, reproducible and suitable for high throughput primary cell assay. This assay was feasible to identify inhibitors of ICAM-1 and simultaneously discriminate the activity from the cytotoxic effects.

Cell Adhesion Molecules ; antagonists & inhibitors ; biosynthesis ; Cells, Cultured ; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; methods ; Endothelium, Vascular ; cytology ; metabolism ; Humans ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Lipopolysaccharides ; pharmacology ; Umbilical Veins ; cytology ; metabolism

A novel unsaturated polyphosphoester (UPPE) was devised in our previous research, which is a kind of promising scaffold for improving bone regeneration. However, the polymerization process of UPPE scaffolds was unfavorable, which may adversely affect the bioactivity of osteoinductive molecules added if necessary, such as recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP2). The purpose of this study was to build a kind of optimal scaffold named UPPE-PLGA-rhBMP2 (UPB) and to investigate the bioactivity of rhBMP2 in this scaffold. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of UPB scaffold was assessed in vitro. A W1/O/W2 method was used to fabricate PLGA-rhBMP2 microspheres, and then the microspheres were added to UPPE for synthesizing UPB scaffold. The morphological characters of PLGA-rhBMP2 microspheres and UPB scaffolds were observed under the scanning electron microscopy and laser scanning confocal microscopy. The cumulative release of UPB scaffolds was detected by using ELISA. The cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of UPB scaffolds were evaluated through examining the adsorption and apoptosis of bone marrow stromal cells (bMSCs) seeded on the surface of UPB scaffolds. The bioactivity of rhBMP2 in UPB scaffolds was assessed through measuring the alkaline phosphates (ALP) activity in bMSCs seeded. The results showed that UPB scaffolds sequentially exhibited burst and sustained release of rhBMP2. The cytotoxicity was greatly reduced when the scaffolds were immersed in buffer solution for 2 h. bMSCs attached and grew on the surface of soaked UPB scaffolds, exerting well biocompatibility. The ALP activity of bMSCs seeded was significantly enhanced, indicating that the bioactivity of rhBMP2 remained and still took effect after the unfavorable polymerization process of scaffolds. It was concluded that UPB scaffolds have low cytotoxicity, good biocompatibility and preserve bioactivity of rhBMP2. UPB scaffolds are promising in improving bone regeneration.
Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Bone Regeneration ; drug effects ; Humans ; Lactic Acid ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Phosphatidylinositol Phosphates ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Polyglycolic Acid ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Tissue Scaffolds

Child ; Female ; Humans ; Ilizarov Technique ; Lower Extremity Deformities, Congenital ; surgery ; Tibia ; abnormalities ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo study the long-term follow-up result of partial laryngectomy and reservation of laryngeal function.

METHODSFive hundred and fifty-nine patients who underwent partial laryngectomy from 1996 to 2002 were summarized (male 435 cases, female 124 cases). Among them, 200 cases were supraglottic carcinomas (classified accordingly by UICC standard of years 2002 into: 15 cases of I, 81 cases of II, 72 cases of III, and 32 cases of IV), 354 cases were glottic carcinomas (141 cases of I, 124 cases of II, 88 cases of III, and 1 cases of IV), 5 cases were transglottic carcinomas (2 cases of II and 3 cases of III). In common 7 kinds of operations were performed: 66 cases underwent cordectomy, 119 vertical laryngectomy, 62 horizontal supraglottic laryngectomy, 113 horizontovertical (3/4) laryngectomy, 88 subtotal laryngectomy with cricoglossoepiglottic anastomosis, 26 near total laryngectomy with cricoglossal anastomosis (with reservation of unilateral arytenoid cartilage), 85 laser laryngectomy. Two hundred and sixty-one cases underwent concurrent neck dissection (174 unilateral, 87 bilateral). Safety margin of less than or equal to 5 mm was suspected of having residual lymph node metastasis, the postoperative radiation therapy to treatment.

RESULTSAll cases restored their phonation and overcame aspiration with removing nasal feeding from 7 to 24 days after operations. Four hundred and sixty-six cases were decannulated from 9 days to 3 months after operations. Decannulation rate was 98.3%. Through periodic review of out-patient clinics or telephone follow-up, family members follow-up a variety of ways, three, five or ten years follow-up rate: 99.6% (557/559), 98.2% (549/559), 95.8% (183/191), dollars lost to death. The three years survival rates were 89.6% (501/559). Among them, the survival rates for supraglottic carcinoma patients of stage I and II was 90.6%, stage III and IV 81.7%, for glottic carcinoma patient of stage I and II was 95.2%, stage III and IV 82.4%. The five years survival rates were 75.0% (419/559). Among them, the survival rates for supraglottic carcinoma patients of stage I and II was 75.0%, stage III and IV 62.5%, for glottic carcinoma patient of stage I and II was 81.8%, stage III and IV 70.6%. The ten year survival rates were 71.2% (136/191). Among them, the survival rates for supraglottic carcinoma patients of stage I and II was 69.7%, stage III and IV 65.2%, for glottic carcinoma patient of stage I and II was 77.6%, stage III and IV 72.1%.

CONCLUSIONSPartial laryngectomy is a kind of radical operation with reservation of laryngeal function. Qualities of life and curative effect, were greatly improved.

Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; mortality ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; mortality ; pathology ; surgery ; Laryngectomy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Survival Rate ; Treatment Outcome