Objective To investigate the prevalence of herpes simplex virus(HSV) infection of central nervous system(CNS) in newborn infant,and analyze its clinical characteristics.Methods Cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) was collected from 40 acute viral infection of central nervous system who were hospitalized during June 2001 to June 2002.Polymerse chain reacton techniques(nested-PCR)was used to detect HSVspecific DNA in CSF,enzyme-linked immunosorbert assays(ELISA)was applied to detect HSV-specific IgM and IgG antibody in CSF and serum specimens.Results Two cases of neonatal patients were HSV-1 DNA PCR positive in CSF,both(mo)-ther were normal during pregnancy without a history of genital herpes.Clinical presentations of one case belonged to disseminated HSV infections and the other was limited to CNS infections.HSV-2 DNA PCR of 40 cases of neonatal patients were negative in CSF.Conclusions The rate of HSV neonatal CNS infection was 5% among viral neonatal CNS infections.HSV type 1 in the period,which showed that HSV type 1 may be the common type of HSV neonatal CNS infections.The result seems to be related to low prevalence for HSV-2(among) pregnancy women in China.

Objective: To investigate the effects of psoralen and angelicin on inflammation cytokine expression of human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs). Methods: hPDLCs were primarily cultured using tissue explant method. Effects of psoralen and angelicin on the cell viability were tested by CCK-8 assay. hPDLCs were stimulated by Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (Pg-LPS) after treatment with different concentrations of psoralen and angelicin for 2 h. mRNA expression of IL-1β and IL-8 were determined by real-time PCR. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure the secretion of IL-1β and IL-8. Results: hPDLCs were cultured successfully by tissue explant method. Psoralen and angelicin (≤ 12.5 μg/mL) did not show significant effects on the cell viability of hPDLCs. Pg-LPS markedly elevated the mRNA expression of IL-1β and IL-8, which could be attenuated by psoralen and angelicin in a dose-dependent manner. Likewise, the up-regulated protein secretion of IL-1β and IL-8 could be significantly blocked by psoralen and angelicin. Conclusion: Psoralen and angelicin could attenuate the inflammatory response of hPDLCs induced by Pg-LPS. Therefore, psoralen and angelicin may act as natural agents to prevent and treat periodontitis.

Triclosan(TCS)is a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent that is widely used in personal care products. Humans are exposed to these chemicals through oral intake or direct dermal absorption. The main way to eliminate TCS is through urine. Studies have shown that TCS may interfere with thyroid function and the reproductive endocrine system. In recent years, increasing epidemiological studies have focused on TCS exposure during pregnancy and the relationship between TCS exposure and birth outcomes. Compared with other countries and regions, pregnant women have lower levels of TCS exposure in China. Animal experiments suggested that high dose of TCS exposure during pregnancy may affect birth outcomes through its endocrine disruption. This review is aimed to summarize the effects of TCS exposure during pregnancy on the birth outcomes.

Objective To investigate clinical distribution,capsular serotyping,molecular typing,virulence gene carriage,and antimicrobial susceptibility of hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKP) strains isolated from a hospital in Hainan Province in 2016.Methods Klebsiella pneumoniae(K.pneumoniae) isolated from the hospital between January and December 2016 were analyzed retrospectively,hvKP strains were selected through string test,antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed and compared with classic K.pneumoniae(cKP);capsular serotyping,virulence genes,and drug resistance genes of hvKP strains were detected with polymerase chain reaction,molecular typing was performed with pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multiloeus sequence typing.Results A total of 84 hvKP strains were isolated,the main specimen source was sputum(45 strains);K1 and K2 were the major capsular serotypes of hvKP,while ST23,ST65,and ST86 were the main sequence types of hvKP.The carriage rates of rmpA,aerobatin,allS,kfuBC,and cf29a in hvKP were 90.48％,96.43％,42.86％,66.67％,and 53.57％ respectively,all of them were statistically higher than those of cKP strains,PFGE found that allS was positive only among K1 strains;most antimicrobial resistance rates of hvKP were lower than those of the cKP.Conclusion Sputum is the main specimen source of hvKP,especially K1 serotype;more than 90％ of hvKP strains carry rmpA and aerobatin genes,allS gene only exists in K1 type hvKP.

Adult ; Aortopulmonary Septal Defect ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Echocardiography ; methods ; Female ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; methods

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of beta3 adrenergic receptor (beta3AR) Trp64Arg and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma 2 (PPARgamma2) Prol2Ala polymorphisms on insulin resistance.

METHODSOne hundred and eight dizygotic twin pairs were enrolled in this study. Microsatellite polymorphism was used to diagnose zygosity of twins. Insulin sensitivity was estimated with logarithm transformed homeostasis model assessment (HOMA). PCR-RFLP analysis was performed to detect the variants. As a supplement to the sib-pair method, identity by state (IBS) was used to analyze the association of polymorphisms with insulin sensitivity.

RESULTSThe genotype frequencies of Trp64Trg, Trp64Arg, and Arg64Arg were 72.3%, 23.8%, and 3.9%, respectively, while the genotype frequencies of Prol2Pro, Prol2Ala, and Alal2Ala were 89.9%, 9.6%, and 0.5%, respectively. For beta3AR Trp64Arg the interclass co-twin correlations of Waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), blood glucose (GLU), and insulin (INS), homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) of the twin pairs sharing 2 alleles of IBS were greater than those sharing 0-1 allele of IBS, and HOMA-IR had statistic significance. For PPARgamma2 Pro12Ala most traits of twin pairs sharing 2 alleles of IBS had greater correlations and statistic significance in body mass index (BMI), WHR, percent of body fat (PBF) and GLU, but there were low correlations of either insulin or HOMA-IR of twin pairs sharing 1 or 2 alleles of IBS. The combined effects of the two variations showed less squared significant twin-pair differences of INS and HOMA-IR among twins sharing 4 alleles of IBS.

CONCLUSIONSBeta3AR Trp64Arg and PPARgamma2 Pro12Ala polymorphisms might be associated with insulin resistance and obesity, and there might be slight synergistic effects between this two gene loci, and further studies are necessary to confirm this finding.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Genotype ; Humans ; Insulin Resistance ; genetics ; Obesity ; genetics ; PPAR gamma ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-3 ; genetics ; Twins, Dizygotic ; genetics ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of aminoguanidine cream on the proliferation of keratinocytes (KC), content of advanced glycosylation end products (AGE) and oxidative stress in skin tissue of rats with diabetes.

METHODSStearic acid, liquid paraffin, vaseline, lanolin, isopropyl myristate fat, glycerol, 50 g/L alcohol paraben, aminoguanidine hydrochloride etc. were mixed in certain proportion to make aminoguanidine cream, and cream without aminoguanidine was used as matrix. The dorsal skin of normal rats were harvested and treated by aminoguanidine cream with dose of 5, 10 g/L, or 5 g/L together with 10 g/L azone. The transdermal effect was respectively measured at post treatment hour 2, 4, 7, 10, 12, 24. Thirty SD rats were divided into normal control (NC, n = 6), diabetes (D, n = 8), aminoguanidine cream-interfered (AI, n = 8), matrix cream-interfered groups (MI, n = 8) according to the random number table. Diabetes was reproduced by intraperitoneal injection of STZ (65 mg/kg) in rats of D, AI, and MI groups, and rats in NC group were injected with 0.05 mmol/L citrate buffer as control. One week later, dorsal skin of rats in AI and MI groups were respectively treated with 10 g/L aminoguanidine cream and matrix cream by external use for 4 weeks. AGE content was determined with fluorescence detection from skin collagen extract. KC cell cycle was detected by flow cytometry. Skin tissue specimens were obtained for determination of levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and total antioxidant capacity. Data were processed with t test.

RESULTSTransdermal effect of aminoguanidine cream with dose of 10 g/L was better than that with 5 g/L or 5 g/L + 10 g/L azone cream. One rat was not induced successfully in MI group. Four weeks after model reproduction, 4 rats died in D group and 1 rat died in AI group. The AGE content in D group was obviously higher than that in NC group [(36.8 +/- 2.6), (24.6 +/- 2.7) U per milligram hydroxyproline, respectively, t = 7.2, P < 0.01], and that in AI group [(28.6 +/- 3.7) U per milligram hydroxyproline] was also lower as compared with that in D group (t = -3.9, P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in AGE content between MI [(32.2 +/- 5.2) U per milligram hydroxyproline] and D groups (t = 1.6, P > 0.05). The percentage of KC in S phase was obviously lower in D group than in NC group [(5.3 +/- 0.6)%, (7.6 +/- 0.9)%, respectively, t = 4.50, P < 0.01], while that in MI group [(9.2 +/- 1.5)%] was higher as compared with that in D group ( t = 4.90, P < 0.01). It was more higher in AI group than in D group on KC percentage in S and G2/M phase (with t value respectively 6.80, 3.17, P values all below 0.01). The oxidative stress indexes of skin tissue in D group were all higher than those in NC group, in which levels of MPO and SOD showed statistical difference (with t value respectively 4.4, 3.7, P values all below 0.05). The oxidative stress indexes were all lower in AI group than in D group, especially in SOD level (t = -1.4, P < 0.05). Levels of MAD, MPO in MI group were significantly lower than those in D group (with t value respectively 2.6, 2.9, P values all below 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSAminoguanidine cream can promote KC proliferation and appropriately reduce oxidative stress through inhibiting AGE formation to a certain extent in skin tissue of rats with diabetes. Signal use of matrix cream can also reduce oxidative stress in skin tissue of rats with diabetes.

Administration, Cutaneous ; Animals ; Cell Proliferation ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; metabolism ; pathology ; Glycation End Products, Advanced ; metabolism ; Guanidines ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Keratinocytes ; drug effects ; Male ; Ointments ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Oxidative Stress ; drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Skin ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo select the effective siRNA which could inhibit the expression of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT-1) in adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) and discuss the time-, and dose-dependent effect of RNA interference (RNAi).

METHODSFour pairs of siRNA were designed, synthesized and transfected through oligofectamine reagent into ACC cell lines ACC-2, ACC-3 and ACC-M. 24, 48 and 72 h after transfection, total RNA and protein were harvested respectively. mRNA and protein expression level of DNMT-1 were detected by real time PCR, RT-PCR and Western blot, and then the effective siRNA was subsequently selected. ACC-3 as also transfected by different concentration of siRNA and the dose-dependent effect of RNAi was discussed. Cy(3) labelled GAPDH siRNA was used as a positive control.

RESULTSTwo of 4 pairs of siRNA inhibited the mRNA expression of DNMT-1 in three ACC cell lines and the expression of DNMT-1 was downregulated by 67%, 86%, 92% and 76%, 76%, 86% respectively. The gene inhibition was detected at 24 h or 48 h after transfection, maintained only 1 - 2 days and showed direct relationship to the concentration of siRNA. The change of protein expression level of DNMT-1 was consistent to the changes of mRNA.

CONCLUSIONSThe effective siRNA which could inhibited the expression of DNMT-1 of ACC were achieved. The inhibition effect of RNAi was time-dependent and dose-dependent.

Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic ; genetics ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases ; genetics ; metabolism ; DNA Methylation ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; RNA, Small Interfering ; genetics ; Salivary Gland Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; Transfection

OBJECTIVETo study the clinical features of children with 3β-hydroxy-Δ(5)-C27-steroid dehydrogenase deficiency and review the literature.

METHODClinical features and treatment of one Chinese infant with 3β-hydroxy-Δ(5)-C27-steroid dehydrogenase deficiency confirmed by HSD3B7 gene mutation analysis were retrospectively reviewed, and 51 cases of 3β-hydroxy-Δ(5)-C27-steroid dehydrogenase deficiency who were internationally reported since 2000 were also reviewed in this paper.

RESULT(1) A 3-month-old infant with neonatal cholestasis was admitted to our hospital because of hyperbilirubinemia and abnormal liver dysfunction (total bilirubin 110.7 µmol/L, direct bilirubin 74.5 µmol/L, γ-glutamyltransferase 24.4 IU/L, total bile acid 0.1 µmol/L).His jaundice disappeared within a few weeks, serum liver biochemistries improved and his growth in weight and height was excellent after oral cholic acid therapy.HSD3B7 gene analysis using peripheral lymphocyte genomic DNA from the patient identified compound heterozygous mutations. This child was confirmed as the most common inborn error of bile acid metabolism-3β-hydroxy-Δ(5)-C27-steroid dehydrogenase deficiency by molecular analysis.(2) Retrospective review of the literature showed that the clinical features of 3β-hydroxy-Δ(5)-C27-steroid dehydrogenase deficiency included neonatal cholestasis, some patients progressed to severe liver disease and needed liver transplantation without effective therapy; however, serum biochemical characteristics of normal γ-glutamyltransferase activity, normal or low total bile acid concentrations were not consistent with cholestasis, the replacement treatment with cholic acid produced a dramatic improvements in symptoms, biochemical markers of liver injury; 31 cases were diagnosed by HSD3B7 gene mutation analysis.

CONCLUSIONThe clinical characteristics of 3β-hydroxy-Δ(5)-C27-steroid dehydrogenase deficiency include neonatal cholestasis, normal serum γ-glutamyltransferase activity, and normal or low serum total bile acid concentration.Oral cholic acid replacement is an effective therapy; definitive diagnosis of 3β-hydroxy-Δ(5)-C27-steroid dehydrogenase deficiency can be identified by molecular genetic testing technology.

3-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases ; deficiency ; genetics ; Administration, Oral ; Bile Acids and Salts ; biosynthesis ; blood ; Bilirubin ; blood ; Chenodeoxycholic Acid ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Cholestasis, Intrahepatic ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; enzymology ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Humans ; Infant ; Liver ; drug effects ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Liver Function Tests ; Male ; Metabolic Diseases ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; genetics ; Retrospective Studies