Objective To investigate the effects of intravitreal injection of conbercept on diffuse macular edema (DME) of diabetes mellitus.Methods Together 51 diabetic patients (51 eyes) with diffuse macular edema were collected between July 2016 to July 2017,and randomly divided into three groups (n =17):group A,in which patients received solely intravitreal injection of 0.5 mg conbercept,group B,those who was intravitreally injected with 0.5 mg of conbercept and modified macular grating photocoagulation,and group C,patients undergoing modified grid photocoagulation (GPG).Then,before treatment and 1 week,1 month,3 months and 6 months after treatment,all patients were examined by optical coherence tomography for determining central macular thickness (CMT),followed by fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA),the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA),slit lamp,intraocular pressure for compare the efficacy and safety of the three procedures.Results All the three treatments improved BCVA,CMT,retinal neovascularization (RNV) leakage in diffuse DME patients,but group A and B were better than group C (both P ＜ 0.05),while there was no significant difference in BCVA improvement between A and B group (P ＞ 0.05),whereas the improvement in CMT of group B patients was better than that of group A [(197.47 ±45.26) μm vs.(205.59 ± 47.33) μm] (P ＜ 0.001),and this was true of RNV leakage [(9.91 ±3.18)mm vs.(13.24 ±4.87) rnm] (P＜0.001),without related complications.Conclusion Combination of modified macular grid photocoagulation and intravitreal injection of conbercept can quickly relieve diabetic macular edema and alleviate neovascularization,thus improving the patients' vision acuity,of which the efficacy is superior to the pure modified macular grid photocoagulation and conbercept injection.

Aim To study the inhibitory effect of volatile components in Oroxyli Semen on liver cancer and its possible mechanisms.Methods H22 bearing mouse model was used,the mice were divided into six groups:blank,model,positive (cytoxan,100 mg · kg-1),low-,mid-,and high-dose (17.5,35,and 70 mg · kg-1) volatile components groups,and then the mice were ig given once daily for consecutive 12 d.Then the tumor growth inhibitory rate,spleen and thymus indexes were calculated;the serum levels of IL-2,IL-6 were determined.HE staining was used to study of the apoptosis of the solid tumor.After treatment of SMMC-7721 cells with 0 ～ 1 g · L-1 of volatile components for 24,48 and 72 h,MTT assay was used to examine the proliferation.TUNEL method was applied to detect cell apoptosis,and RT-PCR method to detect Bax,Bcl-2,caspase-3 mRNA experssion.Results The inhibitory rate of volatile components high-dose on H22 bearing mice was 42.08％.The thymus index and the contents of serum IL-2 and IL-6 of H22 bearing mice were significantly higher than those in model group.Volatile components could significantly inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis of SMMC-7721 cells,downregulate the expression of Bcl-2 mRNA,and up-regulate the expression of Bax,caspase-3 mRNA.Conclusions The volatile components in Oroxyli Semen have obvious anti-tumor activity in vitro and in vivo,and its mechanism may be related to enhancing immune system and promoting tumor cell apoptosis.

Diabetic retinopathy is one of the common and serious microvascular complications of diabetes. In foreign countries, DR is the leading cause of blindness in the working age group (20 - 64 years). In China, the incidence of DR and the rate of blindness increase year by year, which seriously affects the patients' quality of life. Previous studies on the pathogenesis and treatment of diabetic retinopathy were mainly focused on the microvascular; in recent years, with the deepening of researches, more and more scholars believe that DR is no longer simply a kind of microangiopathy, but is also accompanied by retinal neurodegeneration. However, studies on the pathogenesis of microvascular disease and neurodegenerative changes of diabetic retinopathy in the literature domestic and abroad are mostly single. This article reviews the relationship between microvascular disease and neurodegenerative changes in diabetic retinopathy.

In order to further clarify the rational use of different medicinal parts of Schizonepeta, microfluidic technology was used in this study to investigate the differences in drug efficacy against lung cancer in vitro. The ethanol extracts were examined with HPLC to establish their fingerprints in order to analyze the relationship between the spectrum and efficacy index through Grey Correlation software, and a rapid HPLC-Q-TOF/MS method was established. The result in vitro shows that the effect and components of different medicinal parts had a certain differences, and apoptosis and necrosis rate from big to small in turn is leaf, flower, root, stem. The chromatographic peaks of the 26, 12, 2, 6 and 15th are the luteolin, icynaroside, rosmarinic, caffeic acid, and hesperidin, while the 20 and 10th may be dan phenolic acid L and benzoic acid. On the one hand, preliminary study reflects that the root of Schizonepeta tenuifolia may be developed into the medicinal parts in future. On the other hand, the major chemical composition of S. tenuifolia was found to have the anti-lung-tumor effects. This new method was established for the quality control and the rational use of different parts of traditional Chinese medicine.

This study was designed to elucidate the chemical composition and anti-cancer effects of Schizonepeta tenuifolia's ethanol extracts. Microfluidic technology was used in the study of Schizonepeta tenuifolia from 9 different geographic regions. The ethanol extracts were examined with HPLC to establish their Fingerprints in order to analyze the relationship between the spectrum and efficacy index through Grey Correlation software, and a rapid HPLC-Q-TOF/MS method was established. The result shows that chromatographic peaks of the 19, 6, 11, 16, 18th are the representative diosmetin, luteoloside, hesperidin, luteolin, and apigenin. The 10, 12, 20th peaks may be naringenin-7-O-glucuronide or quercitrin, rosmarinate or acetylcorynoline, and 5,7-dihydroxy-6,4-dimethoxy flavone. The major chemical composition of Schizonepeta tenuifolia was found to have the anti-lung-tumor effects. A new method was established for the quality control of traditional Chinese medicine.

Objective:To define the anti-gastric cancer activity in vitro of petroleum ether fraction of Boehmeria nivea root and reveal the material basis of its efficacy, so as to lay the foundation for the development and utilization of B. nivea root. Method:Methyl thiazolyl tetraolium(MTT) method was used to evaluate the inhibitory rate and time-dose relationship of petroleum ether fraction of B. nivea root with different doses and delivery times on human gastric cancer HGC-27 cells. Flow cytometry was used to detect the change of cell apoptosis and cell cycle after petroleum ether fraction of B. nivea root acted on human gastric cancer HGC-27 cells. GC-MS was used to detect the components of petroleum ether fraction of B. nivea root. Result:Experiment data showed significant cell proliferation inhibition in an obvious time-dose-effect manner, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05),after 24,48,72 h of incubation of human gastric cancer HGC-27 cells with different concentrations of petroleum ether fraction of B. nivea root. The effect of petroleum ether fraction of B. nivea root on human gastric cancer HGC-27 cells could induce apoptosis,which affects the normal changes of cell cycle. The percentage of cells was decreased significantly in G₀/G₁ phase,and that in S phase was significantly increased. GC-MS was used to identify 26 chemical constituents in petroleum ether of B. nivea root,including sitosterol and stigmasterol. Conclusion:Petroleum ether fraction of B. nivea root is the active anti-gastric cancer part,and its main effective component is sterol compounds. This lays the foundation for the rational application of B. nivea root in clinic and the further research in tis anti-tumor effect.

Moslae Herba is a commonly used aromatic Chinese medicinal with volatile oil as the main effective component and exhibits broad-spectrum antibacterial and antiviral effects. However, the irritation and instability of Moslae Herba volatile oil necessitate the preparation into a specific dosage form. In this study, the steam distillation method was employed to extract the Moslae Herba volatile oil. The content of thymol and carvacrol in Moslae Herba volatile oil was determined by HPLC as(0.111 9±0.001 0) and(0.235 4±0.004 7) mg·mL~(-1), respectively. Pseudo-ternary phase diagrams and surfactants compounding were applied in the selection of the optimal excipients(surfactant and cosurfactant). On this basis, a nanoemulsion was prepared from the Moslae Herba volatile oil and then loaded into pressure vessels to get sprays, whose stability and antibacterial activity were evaluated afterward. With clarity, viscosity, smell and body feeling as comprehensive indexes, the optimal formulation of the Moslae Herba volatile oil nanoemulsion was determined as follows: Moslae Herba volatile oil∶peppermint oil∶cremophor EL∶absolute ethanol∶distilled water 7.78∶1.58∶19.26∶6.15∶65.23. The as-prepared nanoemulsion was a light yellow transparent liquid, with Tyndall effect shown under the irradiation of parallel light. It has the pH of 5.50, conductivity of 125.9 μS·cm~(-1), average particle size of 15.45 nm, polydispersity index(PDI) of 0.156, and Zeta potential of-17.9 mV. Under a transmission electron microscope, the Moslae Herba volatile oil nanoemulsion was presented as regular spheres without adhesion and agglomeration. Stability test revealed that the Moslae Herba volatile oil nanoemulsion was stable at 4-55 ℃, which was free from demulsification and stratification within 30 days. After the centrifugation at 12 000 r·min~(-1) for 30 min, there was no stratification either. The nanoemulsion had good inhibitory effects on Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and resistant S. aureus strains, with the minimum inhibitory concentrations of 0.39, 3.12 and 1.56 mg·mL~(-1), respectively. The above results demonstrated that the nanoemulsion was prepared feasibly and showed stable physical and chemical properties and good antibacterial effects. This study provides a practicable technical solution for the development of anti-epidemic and anti-infection products from Moslae Herba volatile oil.
Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology* ; Emulsions ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Oils, Volatile ; Particle Size

Aim To explore the material basis of anti-tumor effect of Compound Muji Granules. Methods The anti-tumor pharmacodynamics of Compound Muji Granules in vitro was studied by microfluidic chip technology. The fingerprint of Compound Muji Granules was established by HPLC. The "Spectrum-Material-Effect" of Compound Muji Granules was analyzed by grey correlation analysis,partial least squares regression analysis and network pharmacology approach. Results Seven batches of Compound Muji Granules with different extraction methods were successfully established. The results of grey correlation analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between Compound Muji Granules and 7 of the 14 components with pharmacodynamic correlation coefficient >0.80. The contribution of anti liver tumor was peak number 48(luteolin)>6(gallic acid)>19(chlorogenic acid)>59(quercetin)>67(kaempferol)>65(naringin)>38(ellagic acid),in that order. Conclusions Through the establishment of "Spectrum-Material-Effect" research method,it is clear that the above seven active monomers may be the anti-tumor material basis of Compound Muji Granules.

The chemical composition of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) compounds is complex, the treatment is broad, and the quality control indexes cannot accurately reflect the functional properties. According to the above problems, the authors take the research process of quality markers of Qizhiweitong granules as an example to innovate the research ideas and technical methods, and constructed five progressive steps of TCM compounds quality control and evaluation model: "based on function, to figure out the attending", "components and pharmacodynamics correlation, multiple components with multiple effects", "to analyze the components, and systematically integrate them", "spectrum and effect correlation, from a spectrum to see the efficiency", and "from the content-effect colour atla to see the quality". Based on the multiple effects of components, multiple components of multi-effect pharmacological efficacy evaluation system were established. All-time isobaric multiwavelength fusion fingerprint technology was improved and developed. "Spectrum-effect colour atla" software was research and developed for the first time, to realize the "visualization" of TCM efficacy. The aim of this work is to provide an exploratory solution for the integrated quality control of TCM compounds.

Objective:To study on the chemical constituents of total tannins from Spatholobi Caulis,and to analyze the pharmacodynamics and mechanism of total tannins from Spatholobi Caulis on cervical cancer HeLa cells. Method:UPLC-Q-TOF/MS was used to qualitatively analyze the composition of total tannins from Spatholobi Caulis.The appropriate concentration and time of administration were screened by 3 dimensional(3D) microfluidic chip.Flow cytometry was used to determine the effect of total tannins from Spatholobi Caulis on the cell cycle and apoptosis of cervical cancer HeLa cells and analyzed by FlowJo v10.0.7 and ModFit LT 3.2 software.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was used to determine the changes of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)-A and Caspase-3 factors in cervical cancer HeLa cells supernatant treated with total tannins from Spatholobi Caulis. Result:Total of 15 components in total tannins from Spatholobi Caulis were identified or inferred.The low,medium and high dosages of total tannins from Spatholobi Caulis were 0.5,1.0, 2.0 g·L^-1 and the best time of administration was 36 h.The proportions of early and late apoptosis of cervical cancer HeLa cells increased significantly in the apoptosis analysis after being treated by total tannins from Spatholobi Caulis.The DNA synthesis early phase(G₀/G₁ phase) of cervical cancer HeLa cells significantly increased,and the DNA synthesis phase(S phase) and the DNA synthesis late phase(G₂/M phase) reduced.After being treated with total tannins from Spatholobi Caulis,the expression of VEGF-A in cervical cancer HeLa cells supernatant was significantly decreased and the expression of Caspase-3 was significantly increased. Conclusion:Spatholobi Caulis is rich in tannins,which can significantly inhibit the proliferation of cervical cancer HeLa cells and promote its apoptosis.This paper can provide the basis for further research of total tannins from Spatholobi Caulis.