Osteoarthritis ( OA) is a chronic joint disease characterized by degeneration of articular cartilage and changes of subchondral bone play an important role in the occurrence and development of OA .Recent studies have found that change in the struc-ture and mechanical properties of subchondral bone is one of the main pathological processes in OA .To confirm the role of subchondral bone in OA process can provide not only more details about the pathogenesis of OA , but also new targets for treatment .Early diagnosis and treatment of OA may be possible by detecting radiographic and genomics of subchondral bone .We review subchondral bone chan-ges andits role in OA process in aspects of biomechanics , biology, radiological and genomics .

AIM:To investigate the relationship of clinical efficacy,blood trough concentration and adverse reavtion,which in the treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection with Vancomycin.METHODS:The clinical data of 82 hospital patients who were infected by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and treated with Vancomycin from January 2008 to October 2009 were retrospectively analyzed the clinic efficacy,bacteriological treatment,adverse reaction were observed,and the blook trough concentration was detected.RESULTS:The treatment effective rate of Vancomycin-blood trough concentration which was less than 5 ?g/mL,in the range of 5-10 ?g/mL,and greater than 10 ?g/mL were 68.75%,72.73% and 81.82%.The bacterial clearance rates were 62.50%,68.18% and 72.73%.One case of blood trough concentration of 14.6 ?g/mL in patients with renal toxicity.CONCLUSION:Increasing the blood trough concentration of Vancomycin can improve the treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection in the efficacy and bacterial eradication rates,but the probability of renal toxicity adverse reactions will also increase accordingly.

Aged ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mycoses ; complications ; Nasal Septal Perforation ; complications ; microbiology ; Sinusitis ; complications ; microbiology

Objective To explore the simplified method by examining the levels of luteinizing hormone(LH),follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH),estradid(E2) and stosterone(T) at different times in the stimutation test of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone(LHRH).Methods Sixty patients with precocious puberty accepted LHRH stimutation test.The levels of E2,T,FSH,LH before injection and after 30,60,90 minutes were compaired.The levels of stimutation test of LHRH examined with ACS:180 chemiluminesence.Results There were 39 patients in the group of central precocious puberty(CPP).The levels of FSH and LH in CPP group significantly increased after LHRH 30 minutes injection.The ratio of LH/FSH was higher than 1.The peak level of LH was higher than 12 IU/L.There were 21 patients in group of peripheral precocious puberty(PPP).Compared with the results before injection,the levels of LH were similar to the results of 30,60 and 90 minutes after LHRH injection.Compared with the result before injection,the levels of E2 and T were similar to the result of 60 minutes after LHRH injection.The peak levels of LH and FSH in two groups all focused in 30,60 minutes.Conclusions LHRH stimutation test is mainly based on the peak level of LH and the ratio of LH/FSH,the test can be simplified to examine the levels the of LH and FSH before the test and 30,60 minutes after injection as a basis for the clinical diagnosis.

Abstract: Objective　To investigate the early diagnostic value of peripheral blood procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen (FIB) and D-dimer (D-D) levels in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) complicated with bacterial pneumonia. Methods　A total of 102 patients who admitted to Department of Tuberculosis of Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University from Jan 2021 to May 2022 were enrolled in this study and divided into a group (52 cases) with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients and a group (50 cases) with PTB patients complicated with bacterial pneumonia. The levels of PCT, CRP, FIB and D-D in the peripheral blood were measured, the differences and correlations in all indicators were compared among two groups. The sensitivity and specificity of these indicators in the early diagnosis of PTB complicated with bacterial pneumonia were analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results　The levels of PCT, CRP, FIB and D-D in the peripheral blood from the PTB complicated with bacterial pneumonia group were 0.06 (0.04, 0.16) ng/mL, 38.00 (3.88, 96.10) mg/L, 4.51 (3.02, 6.07) g/L, and 0.59 (0.34, 1.88) mg/L, respectively, which were significantly higher than corresponding 0.04 (0.03, 0.04) ng/mL, 3.20 (0.84, 7.22) mg/L, 2.96 (2.48, 3.77) g/L, and 0.27 (0.17, 0.36) mg/L in the PTB group (Z=-4.784, -5.233, -3.853, -4.199, all P<0.001). Furthermore, the levels of CRP and FIB in the PTB complicated by bacterial pneumonia group were highly positively correlated (r=0.855, P<0.001). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of PCT, CRP, FIB and D-D for early diagnosis of PTB complicated with bacterial pneumonia were 0.757, 0.794, 0.747 and 0.764, respectively. In addition, the AUC obtained by simultaneous measurement of PCT, CRP, FIB and D-D was as high as 0.916, and the sensitivity and specificity of diagnosing PTB complicated with bacterial pneumonia were increased to 85.7% and 96.9%, respectively, which were higher than those of individual indicators. Conclusions　Levels of peripheral blood PCT, CRP, FIB, and D-D all show varying degrees of increase in patients with PTB complicated with bacterial pneumonia, and detecting the levels of all four markers, rather than any single marker, can assist in early monitoring whether the tuberculosis patients are complicated with bacterial pneumonia.

Aged ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Receptors, Interleukin-2 ; blood ; Silicosis ; blood ; classification ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets ; metabolism

In this study, 101 strains of bacteria were isolated from arct ic water and sediment samples. The methanol extracts of the fermented broth prod uced by these strains were screened in vitro for anti-tumor activity on mou se tsFT210 cells using the method of flow cytometry, and screened for antibacter ial activity by the method of paper disk diffusion. The result showed that one strain exhibited anti-tumor activity and eight strains had antibacterial activ ity. The stability of the antibacterial components produced by strain AR084 an d its optimum medium were also studied. The research indicated that arctic bac teria had potential application in pharmaceutics.

Objective To develop an efficient method for the determination of activity of human lymphocyte kynureninase by high performance liquid chromatography. Methods Protein containing kynureninase was extracted from lymphocytes.The reaction was made with 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid as substrate and pyridoxal-5'-phosphate as coenzyme.The product was determined by high performance liquid chromatography and fluorescence detection.(Results)Standard curve of 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid was highly linear over the range from 2 to 400 nmol/L.The intra-day coefficient of variation(CV) was less than 3.0% and the inter-day CV was less than 3.2%. Conclusion(The developed) assay is efficient and can be used to determine the activity of kynureninase from kinds of tissues.

Background T helper cell 17 (Th17),a newly discovered subset of CD4+ T cells,have been found to play an important role in dry eye disease in animal model.Further investigation should be done on the immunopathogenesis of Th17 cells in dry eye patients.Objective This study was to analyze the expression status of interleukin-17 (IL-17) and IL-22 in tear and supernatant of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of dry eye patients and their correlation with clinical symptom and sign.Methods Twenty Sj(o)gren syndrome (SS)patients,twenty non-Sj(o)gren syndrome (NSS) patients were included in Wuxi Second Hospital from 2010 to 2011,and twenty healthy volunteers were recruited at the same period.All of subjects understood the purpose and procedure of research and written informed consent was obtained form each subject initial of this study.Dry eye symptom questionnairs were self-answered and multiple dry eye disease-related clinical tests,including the breakup time of tear film (BUT),Schirmer Ⅰ test (S Ⅰ t) and corneal fluorescein staining were performed.The periphery blood of 3 ml and tear were collected in all the subjects,and IL-17 and IL-22 levels in supernatant of PBMCs and tear were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The correlations between levels of IL-17 and IL-22 with BUT,S Ⅰ t,corneal fluorescein staining and dry eye scores were analyzed.Results The dry eye scores reduced,BUT prolonged,S Ⅰ t increased and corneal fluorescein dye decreased from SS group,NSS group to normal control group,with significant differences among the three groups (dry eye scores:H =40.81,P＜0.01 ; BUT:H =40.15,P＜0.01 ;S Ⅰ t..H=50.07,P＜0.01 ;corneal dye scores:H=40.52,P＜0.01).The concentration of IL-17 in the supernatant of PBMCs in the SS patients,NSS patients and normal controls were (964.92±124.83)ng/L,(718.85± 115.89)ng/L and (341.95±85.08) ng/L,showing a statistically significant difference among them (F=162.95,P＜0.01).The levels of IL-17 in the tear were (440.69±126.09) ng/L,(364.33±126.85) ng/L and (61.16±11.60) ng/L in the SS group,NSS group and normal control group respectively,exhibiting an elevated level in the SS group and NSS group compared with the control group (F=75.27,P＜0.01).In addition,the levels of IL-22 in the supernatant of PBMCs in the SS patients,NSS patients and normal controls were (98.77± 11.27) ng/L,(79.65 ± 11.01) ng/L and (32.78±9.34) ng/L,and those in the tear were (22.22 ± 8.96) ng/L,(14.92 ±4.35) ng/L and (10.47 ± 2.67) ng/L,with significant differences among the three groups (F =206.27,P＜0.01 ;F =19.87,P＜0.01).The significant correlations were found between the IL-17 and IL-22 concentration in the supernatant of PBMCs and tear with corneal fluorescein staining scores and S Ⅰ t.Conclusions The contents of IL-17 and IL-22 in PBMCs and tear upregulate in the SS and NSS patients,indicating that Th17 plays a key role in the immunity mechanism of dry eye.

OBJECTIVE: To study the objectivity and reliability of needle electromyography and nerve conduction for detection of musculus extensor digitorum brevis strength, which may provide a basis for establishing a quantitative detection of muscle strength in forensic clinical study. METHODS: Forty-four healthy people were enrolled as the subjects, and during toe dorsiflexion, the following items including needle electromyography indexes, motor unit potential (MUP) amplitude, MUP count, recruitment reaction type, and nerve conduction detection indexes, compound muscle action potential (CMAP) amplitude, CMAP latent period and motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV), were simultaneously detected under the cooperation and disguise condition. RESULTS: Under the cooperation condition, regardless of the same operator or different operators, there were good test-retest reliabilities in MUP amplitude, CMAP amplitude, CMAP latent period and MNCV, while there were normal test-retest reliabilities in MUP count and recruitment reaction type and the repeatability of the same operator was slightly better than the repeatability between different operators. Under the disguise condition, test-retest reliabilities of MUP amplitude, CMAP amplitude, CMAP latent period and MNCV were relatively high, while test-retest reliabilities of MUP count and recruitment reaction type were relatively low. CONCLUSION There are good test-retest reliabilities in MUP amplitude, CMAP amplitude, CMAP latent period and MNCV, which can be conducive to comparison between different operators and results at various times; MUP count and recruitment reaction type, which can be easily affected by subjectivity of operators and examinees, can be used to differentiate whether an examinee disguises or not. The indexes used to objectively judge muscle strength remain to be further investigated.
Electrodes, Implanted ; Electromyography ; Humans ; Muscle Strength/physiology* ; Muscle, Skeletal/innervation* ; Neural Conduction/physiology* ; Reproducibility of Results ; Toes