Objective To investigate the effect of diazepam on blood-brain barrier ( BBB ) after radiation-induced brain injury. Methods Two hundred and forty healthy male SD rats weighing 240-270 g were randomly divided into 4 group with 60 animals in each group: Ⅰ D-R group received intraperitoneal diazepam 5 mg?kg-1 30 min before irradiation; Ⅱ N-R group received no diazepam before irradiation; Ⅲ D-SR group received intraperitoneal diazepam 5 mg? kg-1 30 min before sham irradiation and Ⅳ N-SR group received no diazepam before sham irradiation. The animals were placed in a prone position awake without any anesthetics. The whole brain was irradiated by 4 MeV electron beam at a single dose of 30 Gy. The changes in BBB were assessed by (1) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with the T1-weighted images, T2-weighted images and MRI enhancement images induced by Gd-DTPA; (2) Evans blue (EB) assay; 2% EB 3 ml?kg-1 was injected via femoral vein and 3 h later the animals were decapitated and EB content in the brain tissue was determined by spectrophotometry; (3) The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the brain tissue determined by immuno-histochemistry before irradiation ( T0 ) ( baseline) at 6 h (T1 ), 1 day ( T2 ) , 1 week ( T3 ) and 1 month ( T4 ) after irradiation.Results In group Ⅱ (no diazepam before irradiation) the signal intensity of T1-weighted images significantly decreased while the signal intensity of T2-weighted images and the enhancement rate significantly increased at T4. However in group Ⅰ (diazepam was given before irradiation) the changes in the MRI were significantly attenuated. The EB content at T1, T3 , T4 and the expression of VEGF at T1 , T, were significantly higher in group Ⅱ than in group Ⅰ . Conclusion Diazepam given before irradiation can protect BBB against irradiation injury by decreasing the expression of VEGF in the brain tissue and BBB permeability.

OBJECTIVE: To observe whether injection of medicine into low hydraulic resistance point along meridian brings about higher medicinal effect and to explore the efficacy of the theory that meridians are made up of channels featuring low hydraulic resistance by observing the diuretic effect of injecting furosemide or saline into the low hydraulic resistance point Shuifen (CV 9), vein and Zusanli (St 36) respectively. METHODS: Acute edema was induced in pigs by rapid intravenous injection of 2 000 ml normal saline. The pigs were divided into four groups: Shuifen (CV 9) injection of half dose furosemide group (SFF group), intravenous injection of full dose furosemide group (VF group), Zusanli (St 36) injection of full dose furosemide group (ZSLF group), and Shuifen (CV 9) injection of half dose normal saline group (SFS group). The accumulated urine quantity and the urine quantity generated in every 15-minute period were measured in each group respectively, every 15 minutes after injection, and the measurement lasted for two hours at one experiment. Each group involved eight times of experiments with one pig used for one experiment, which means the whole observation involved 32 times of experiments. RESULTS: The accumulated urine quantities observed in both SFF group and VF group were higher than those in the ZSLF group and the SFS group all through the measurement, showing significant differences during the period from the 15th minute to the 45th minute (P<0.05). But no significant difference was observed between the SFF group and the VF group during the whole 2-hour measurement (P>0.05). Analysis of urine quantity generated in every 15-minute period showed that diuretic effect climaxed during the 15th minute to the 30th minute in both SFF group and VF group. By contrast, ZSLF group reached diuresis climax during the 45th minute to 60th minute and no diuresis climax was observed in the SFS group all through the measurement. CONCLUSION: Injection of medicine into low hydraulic resistance point along meridian generates faster and more powerful medicinal potency, and this is likely to be applied to clinical practice. The theory that meridians are channels featuring low hydraulic resistance is important to the elucidation of meridians.

Objective Explore reflux esophagitis age,symptoms,and the relationship between the degree of esophageal damage.Methods Summing up 198 cases of young and middle-aged patients and 104 cases of elderly pa-tients with the symptom score and Endoscopic mucosal injurs classification.Results Under the old group gastroscopy serious esophagitis more than the young group,old age group was 49.97%,25.25%for the young group,but the clini-cal symptoms of heart burn not obvious.Conclusion Reflux esophagitis damaged esophagus increased with age in-crease,but clinical heartburn symptoms do not necessarily obvious,it should attach importance to the brink throat dis-comfort,and other symptoms.

Objective To explore efficiently treatment of advanced stage superior segment esophageal cancer.Methods The 30 cases with advanced stage superior segment esophageal cancer were randomly separated two groups:Treatment group 14 cases were local chemotherapy treated by gastroendoscopy,comminute with radication;Control group 16 cases were treated by surgical operative treatment,combinate with vadication.Results The treatment group and conerol group remission rates were 85.71% and 68.75%,1 year's survival rates were 71.42% and 50%.Conclusion Superior segment advanced stage esophageal cancer is local chemotherapy treated by gastroendoscopy,cuvative efficavy is distimction.

Objective To observe the effect of neuromuscular facilitation technique and swallowing training combined with real-time electrical stimulation on dysphagia after stroke. Methods 50 patients with dysphagia were divided into treatment group (n=25) and control group (n=25).The treatment group accepted neuromuscular facilitation technique and VOCASTIM.The control group accepted routine vocal training and low frequency pulse electrical stimulation. They were assessed with the deglutition function classficaition and water drinking test. Results There was significant improvement in the both groups 2 weeks and 4 weeks after treatment (P<0.05), and it improved more in the treatment group than in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Neuromuscular facilitation technique and swallowing training combined with real-time electrical stimulation can promote the recovery of function of patients with dysphagia after stroke.

China ; Female ; Gynecology ; trends ; Humans ; Physical Examination ; statistics & numerical data ; Rural Health ; statistics & numerical data ; Rural Population

Objective:To investigate the immunogeneicity of a subunit vaccine of capsid protein precursor(P1) of swine vesicular diseas(SVD).Methods:In this study,the guinea pigs were immunized with the home-made antigen,T-lymphocyte proliferation response,blocking ELISA and micro-neutralization assay were used to detect the effect of the immunized responses in guinea pigs.Results:The results indicated that a retroviral-based vaccine carrying the capsid protein precursor(P1) of SVD was able to elicit strong SVDV-specific humoral immune responses in guinea pigs.Conclusion:It encourages further work towards the development of a vaccine against SVDV infection.

E2 is an envelope glycoprotein of Classical swine fever virus (CSFV) and contains sequential neutralizing epitopes to induce virus-neutralizing antibodies and mount protective immunity in the natural host. In this study, four antigen domains (ABCD) of the E2 gene was cloned from CSFV Shimen strain into the retroviral vector pBABE puro and expressed in eukaryotic cell (PK15) by an retroviral gene expression system, and the activity of recombinant E2 protein to induce immune responses was evaluated in rabbits. The results indicated that recombinant E2 protein can be recognized by fluorescence antibodies of CSFV and CSFV positive serum (Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China) using Western blot, indirect immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) and ELISA, Furthermore, anti-CSFV specific antibodies and lymphocyte proliferation were elicited and increased by recombinant protein after vaccination. In the challenge test, all of rabbits vaccinated with recombinant protein and Chinese vaccine strain (C-strain) were fully protected from a rabbit spleen virus challenge. These results indicated that a retroviral-based epitope-vaccine carrying the major antigen domains of E2 is able to induce high level of epitope-specific antibodies and exhibits similar protective capability with that induced by the C-strain, and encourages further work towards the development of a vaccine against CSFV infection.

Previous studies showed that three methods for regulating and invigorating lung and kidney (lung invigorating and spleen strengthening, lung invigorating and kidney tonifying, and Qi supplementing and kidney nourishing) could regulate inflammatory signaling pathways of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in rats, so as to alleviate inflammation. In the present study, R-value comprehensive evaluation method was used to evaluate the comprehensive effect of three methods for regulating and invigorating lung and kidney on inflammatory signaling pathways. Rats were randomly divided into control, model, lung invigorating and spleen strengthening, lung invigorating and kidney tonifying, Qi supplementing and kidney nourishing and aminophylline groups. The COPD rat models were established by cigarette smoking combined with bacterial infection, and orally administered with drugs between the 9th and 20th week. Afterwards, efforts were made to observe the long-term effects between the drug withdrawal and the 32rd week and detect indicators in two batches in the 20th week and 32th week. Specifically, (1) Linking JAK/STAT signaling pathway: JAK2 mRNA, and protein expressions of STAT-1, STAT-3, STAT-5, JAK-2; (2) NF-kappaB signaling pathway: Smad2 mRNA and protein expressions of I-kappaB, NF-kappaB, TGF-beta1; (3) PPARgamma and antioxidant signaling pathway: SOD, PGE mRNA, PPARgamma protein. According to the results, 5 indicators in JAK/STAT pathway, 4 indicators in NF-kappaB pathway, and 3 indicators in PPARgamma pathway were significantly rectified by three methods for regulating and invigorating lung and kidney in between the 20th week and 32nd week. Between the 20th and 32nd week, the recipes for rectifying JAK/STAT pathway with intensity from high to low were recipes for lung invigorating and spleen strengthening, Qi supplementing and kidney nourishing, lung invigorating and kidney tonifying, aminophylline, particularly those for lung invigorating and spleen strengthening; The recipes for rectifying NF-kappaB pathway with intensity from high to low were recipes for lung invigorating and spleen strengthening, lung invigorating and kidney tonifying, Qi supplementing and kidney nourishing and aminophylline, particularly the first three types of drugs. The recipes for rectifying PPARgamma and antioxidant signaling pathway with intensity from high to low were recipes for lung invigorating and kidney tonifying, Qi supplementing and kidney nourishing, lung invigorating and spleen strengthening and aminophylline. Therefore, three methods for regulating and invigorating lung and kidney showed better long-term effects in regulating COPD lung inflammation signaling pathways. Specifically, recipe for lung invigorating and spleen strengthening showed a better effect in JAK/STAT and NF-kappaB pathways, while recipe for lung invigorating and kidney tonifying and Qi supplementing and kidney nourishing showed better effects in PPARgamma and antioxidant signaling pathways. In conclusion, R-value comprehensive evaluation method can evaluate the comprehensive effect of medicines and define the ranking of multiple drugs and their main targets.
Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Kidney ; drug effects ; physiopathology ; Lung ; drug effects ; immunology ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; NF-kappa B ; immunology ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; drug therapy ; immunology ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Signal Transduction ; Smad2 Protein ; metabolism ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; metabolism

The bacteriophage T7 RNAP gene was amplified via PCR from -lysogen DE3, and the gene was cloned into pBABEpuro retrovial vector, a recombinant plasmid named as pT7BABEpuro was constructed and sequenced. Then the pT7BABEpuro and pVSV-G plasmids were cotransfected into GP2-293 packaging cells by liposomese, some pseudotype viruses were ingathered and transfected into IBRS-2 cell under polybrene. The IBRS-2 cell was propagated in DMEM with puromycin. The genome extraction from the cells transfected different times, the T7 RNAP gene was amplified from the genome by PCR, the mRNA of T7 RNAP protein expressed in IBRST7 cells was analyzed by RT-PCR, respectively, the results showed the T7 RNAP gene had been integrated into the chromosome of IBRS-2 cell and expressed stably at high level. To study whether T7 RNAP is of transcriptional activity in the established IBRST7 cell line, a plasmid pIERS-EGFP-ET with a reporter gene (EGFP) under control of the T7 promoter was constructed. IRES element from FMDV (for CAP-independent translation) was cloned into plasmid pET-43.1a-c(+) downstream of the T7 promoter sequence, then EGFP gene was cloned in frame downstream of the AUG codon of the FMDV IRES, resulting in the plasmid. IBRST7 cells were transfected with plasmid pIERS-EGFP-ET using lipfection, EGFP was expressed, the results showed the T7 RNAP in IBRST7 cells has transcriptional activity. IBRST7 cell line was directly transfected with linearized full-length cDNA of swine vesicular disease virus (SVDV) HK/70, infectious SVDV was efficiently recovered from the cDNA. The reverse genetic procedure is simplified to a faster, one step protocol to recover RNA virus and will be useful to understand the mechanisms of molecular pathology of RNA virus and develop effective vaccines.