Abstract: Chigger mites belong to the phylum Arthropoda, class Arachnida, sub-class Acari, order Parasitiformes, family Trombiculidae and Leeuwenhoekiidae, with a wide range of species. There are more than 3 700 known species of mites globally, of which 531 species in 46 genera from three sub-families have been recorded in China, and 320 species of chigger mites recorded from 3 subfamilies and 32 genera in Yunnan Province. At this stage, chigger mites are the only vectors of scrub typhus, with about 60 species worldwide being potential vectors. Six vectorial mite species have been confirmed in China, including Leptotrombidium deliense, L.scutellare, L.rubellum, L.sialkotense, L.kaohuense, L.insulare. Yunnan Province has reported five vectorial mite species, including the previously-mentioned five species except for L.sialkotense. The zoogeographic study divided Yunnan Province into 5 zoogeographic areas, namely, Central Hengduan Mountains subregion, Southern Hengduan Mountains subregion, Eastern Yunnan Plateau subregion, Western Yunnan Plateau subregion, Southern Yunnan Mountainous subregion. The Southern Hengduan Mountains subregion has the highest number of known genera and species of scrub typhus and the highest number of scrub typhus cases, with 216 species in 22 genera from 3 subfamilies, and all 5 species of vector scrub typhus were distributed. Southern Yunnan Mountain subregion has the least number of mite species, with 91 species in 12 genera from three sub-families, with L. scutellare being the dominant vectorial mite species across the province. Due to suitable natural geographic conditions in Yunnan Province, vectorial mites can propagate rapidly, leading to a large number of scrub typhus cases. According to statistics, the number of scrub typhus cases in Yunnan Province has rapidly increased, with 15.40 times, 20.64 times and 28.91 times more cases in 2016, 2017 and 2018 respectively than in 2006. Scrub typhus remains a serious public health problem in Yunnan Province, posing a threat to the health of the local population. Therefore, prevention and control efforts should continue to focus on the affected areas and the general public.

Objective To evaluate the differentiation-inducing effect of phenylacetate on pancreatic carcinoma cells and underlying mechanism of RNA editing deaminase in cell proliferation and differentiation. Methods The effect of phenylacetate on cell proliferation and cell cycle were investigated in cultured pancreatic carcinoma BXPC-3 cell lines by methylthiazoletetrazolium( MTT) assay, and flow cytometry. The effect of phenylacetate on the expression of RNA editing deaminase (ADAR2 mRNA) in BXPC-3 cells and fresh pancreatic carcinoma specimen was evaluated by RT-PCR. Results ADAR1 mRNA expression was positive in human pancreatic carcinoma tissues and BXPC-3 cell lines. After application of 1.0 and 2.0 mmol/L phenylacetate for 24 h and 72 h, BXPC-3 cell growth inhibition rate increased, G0/G1 phase cells decreased, S phase cells increased, ADAR2 mRNA expression decreased ( P < 0.01 ). Conclusion ADAR2 mRNA played a vital role of regulation in the process of pancreatic carcinoma cells growth and differentiation. Phenylacetate could regulate the proliferation and differentiation of pancreatic carcinoma cells through the regulation of ADAR2 mRNA expression.

According to the patient examination criterion and the demands of all related departments, the DSA digital subtraction workstation has been successfully designed and is introduced in this paper by analyzing the characteristic of video source of DSA which was manufactured by GE Company and has no DICOM standard interface. The workstation includes images-capturing gateway and post-processing software. With the developed workstation, all images from this early DSA equipment are transformed into DICOM format and then are shared in different machines.
Angiography, Digital Subtraction ; instrumentation ; methods ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Software Design ; User-Computer Interface

OBJECTIVETo establish LC-MS method in the determination of oxymatrine and its metabolite in plasma and investigate their pharmacokinetics in beagle dogs.

METHODLichrospher C18 column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm) was used as the analytical column maintained at 25 degrees C. The mobile phase consisted of 10 mmol x L(-1) CH3COONH4 and CH3OH (25:75). Flow rate was 1 mL x min(-1). Electrospray ionization (ESI) was carried out. The ESI ion source was set in positive ion polasity mode. The selective ion monitoring (SIM) was set at m/z 265.1 and 249.2.

RESULTThe linearity ranged from 2 to 5000 ng x mL(-1) (r = 0.9991). The detection of oxymatrine and its metabolite were 0.6 and 0.3 ng x mL(-1). The RSD(%) within day and between day was less than 4.7%. The recovery of this method was more than 96.5%. The disposition was conformed to a two-compartment model. The T(1/2), Tmax, Cmax, MRT, AUC(0-->24 h) of oxymatrine were (5.5+/-1.58) h, (1.0+/-0.30) h, (2418.3 +/-970.78) ng x mL(-1), (3.2+/-0.64) h, (5797.4+/-908.16) ng x mL(-1) x h accordingly. The corresponding T(1/2), Tmax, Cmax, MRT, AUC(0-->24 h) of matrine were (9.8+/-2.77) h, (1.9+/-1.09) h, (1532.4+/-494.86) ng x mL(-1), (4.4+/-1.97) h, (5530.5+/-1042.65) ng x mL(-1) x h.

CONCLUSIONThis assay was highly sensitive, rapid, simple and specific enough for determining concentrations of oxymatrine and its metabolite matrine in plasma of beagle dog.

Administration, Oral ; Alkaloids ; blood ; isolation & purification ; pharmacokinetics ; Animals ; Area Under Curve ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Dogs ; Male ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Quinolizines ; Sophora ; chemistry ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization

OBJECTIVESTo construct small interfering (siRNA) Sox9 expression plasmid and transfer it into human chondrosarcoma cells HTB-94, and to check the mRNA and protein expression of Sox9 and cell growth and apoptosis of HTB-94 human chondrosarcoma cells.

METHODSsiRNA(Sox9) expression plasmid was designed and synthesized. And it was transferred into HTB-94 human chondrosarcoma cells. Then the expression of the mRNA and protein of Sox9, cell growth and apoptosis in transferred HTB-94 human chondrosarcoma cells were checked.

RESULTSThe recombinant plasmid was confirmed by enzyme digestion analysis and DNA sequencing. The expression of the mRNA and protein expression of Sox9 in transferred HTB-94 were significantly reduced. The cell growth of HTB-94 was inhibited, and the apoptosis of HTB-94 was remarkably increased.

CONCLUSIONsiRNA (Sox9) expression plasmid could be transferred into HTB-94 human chondrosarcoma cells. And it can reduce the mRNA and protein expression of the HTB-94, inhibit the cell growth and cause the apoptosis of the tumor cells.

Apoptosis ; Cell Proliferation ; Chondrosarcoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Plasmids ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; RNA, Small Interfering ; genetics ; SOX9 Transcription Factor ; genetics ; metabolism ; Transfection ; Tumor Cells, Cultured

OBJECTIVETo investigate the role of Gemin3 in cell proliferation and its regulation pathway.

METHODSUsing co-immunoprecipitation and GST pull-down assay to determine the domain of Gemin3 and p53 binding and interaction in vitro and in vivo. To check the effect of Gemin3 on p53 by luciferase reporter assay. Stable Gemin3 knock-down cell lines were generated by lentivirus-delivered small hairpin RNA then puromycin selection. Real-time PCR was used to confirm the effect of Gemin3 level on p53 and its downstream genes, and flow cytometry was used to analyze the effect of Gemin3 on apoptosis.

RESULTSThe C-terminal of Gemin3 interacted with the DNA binding domain of p53. The p53 reporter gene, PA3M-p53 and increasing amount of GFP-Gemin3 were co-transfected into Saos-2 cells. Gemin3 repressed p53 expression at transcription level. Real-time PCR indicated that the expression of p53, p21 and Bax in Gemin3 knock-down cells was higher than that in the control cells. Western blot showed Gemin3 knock-down cells had a higher p53 espression. Flow cytometric assay showed that knock-down Gemin3 expression led to an increased cell apoptosis.

CONCLUSIONGemin3 binds with p53 forming a complex and plays an anti-apoptotic role by repressing the p53 expression.

Apoptosis ; B-Lymphocytes ; cytology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; DEAD Box Protein 20 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Gene Knockdown Techniques ; Genes, Reporter ; Humans ; Immunoprecipitation ; Lentivirus ; genetics ; Osteosarcoma ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Plasmids ; Protein Binding ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; RNA, Small Interfering ; genetics ; Transfection ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; genetics ; metabolism ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; genetics ; metabolism

BACKGROUNDDisability and death following hip fracture is becoming more common as the population ages. Previous reports have focused on the selection of internal fixation methods and the analysis of the perioperative therapeutic results in the Chinese population. Few studies have focused on factors influencing medium and long term survival after surgery for hip fracture. We conducted a retrospective study on the factors influencing survival one year after hip fracture surgery in our elderly Chinese population to provide a reference for improved treatment and to enhance efficacy.

METHODSRecords from patients undergoing treatment for hip fracture at our hospital from October 2009 through June 2011 were retrospectively reviewed. Through telephone follow-up, the health condition of each patient was surveyed, and the 1-year postoperative mortality was analyzed. The patients' age, gender, fracture type, pre-injury health condition, mobility, complications, surgical timing, surgical types, methods of anesthesia, and postoperative complications were analyzed. Univariate and multivariate regression analysis was performed on relevant influencing factors.

RESULTSA total of 184 patients had complete data and were followed-up for 12-23 months (average, 16.5 months). There were 30 deaths (16.3%) at one-year. Univariate analysis revealed that factors such as age, gender, fracture-type, number of co-existing diseases, complications such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or sequelae of stroke, American society of Anesthesiology (ASA) scores, anesthesia methods, pre-injury activity, and post-operative complications were significantly different between survival versus mortality groups (P < 0.05). Multivariate regression analysis revealed that age, ASA score, pre-injury mobility and combined chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were independent risk factors for death.

CONCLUSIONFull consideration of medium-/long-term risk factors in the treatment of hip fracture in the elderly, selection of appropriate anesthesia and treatment methods, and improved pre-surgical health conditions would reduce postoperative mortality and enhance surgical efficacy.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hip Fractures ; mortality ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Regression Analysis ; Retrospective Studies

The present study is to determine the flavonoid glycosides, terpene lactones, biflavones, gingko acid and procyanidins of ginkgo pollen. UPLC-TQ-MS technology was used for the determination of 24 kinds of resource chemical composition in ginkgo pollen qualitatively and quantitatively. The results shows that the contents of rutin, quercetion 3-O-[4-O-(α-L-rhamnosyl )-β-D-glucoside] and kaempferolis were 120.9, 114.0, 222.1 μg x g(-1). In this paper, the contents of 24 kinds of chemical components of ginkgo pollen were determinated by UPLC-TQ-MS for the first time. This method is simple and quick, which will be benefit for recycling utilization of ginkgo pollen.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Flavonoids ; analysis ; Ginkgo biloba ; chemistry ; Mass Spectrometry ; Pollen ; chemistry ; Proanthocyanidins ; analysis ; Rutin ; analysis ; Terpenes ; analysis

OBJECTIVETo retrospectively analyze the patients of vertically unstable pelvic fractures treated with percutaneous iliosacral screws fixation and to explore the operative techniques and its therapeutic efficacy.

METHODSFrom June 2002 to August 2009, 54 patients with vertical unstable pelvic fracture were fixed with percutaneous iliosacral screws. After operation, 46 patients were followed up more than 18 months. Among them, 32 patients were male and 14 patients were female, the average age was 36.4 years old (ranged from 19 to 64 years). The average time from injury to operation was 8.5 days (ranged from 7 to 11 days). All pelvic fractures had vertical dislocation ranging from 8 to 40 mm (averaged 28.5 mm). After admitted, all patients were applied bone traction. After recuction, the fractures were fixed with percutaneous iliosacral 7.3 mm cannulated screws, which crossed the iliac and sacral-iliac joint and sacral promontory to S(1)vertebrae. After operation, all patients took X-ray examination. The reduction and the fracture reduction were judged according to Matta criterion and clinical function was judged according to Majeed functional scoring.

RESULTSForty-six patients were followed up from 1.5 to 3 years with an average of 29 months. Fracture uninon was achieved in all patients. All patients got clinical recovery at mean time of 5.2 months and returned to normal daily life. According to Matta criterion for fracture reduction, the results were excellent in 40 cases and good in 6 cases. According to Majeed functional scoring, 32 patients were excellent, 12 good and 2 normal. There were no serious complications of vascular damage.

CONCLUSIONPercutaneous iliosacral screw fixation is an effective technique with advantages of minimal invasive and faster recovery in the management of vertically unstable pelvic fractures.

Adult ; Bone Screws ; Female ; Fracture Fixation ; instrumentation ; Fractures, Bone ; diagnostic imaging ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pelvic Bones ; diagnostic imaging ; injuries ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Skin ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective :To study correlation between treadmill exercise test assessing myocardial ischemia and coronary stenosis .Methods :A total of 150 patients with stable angina pectoris in our hospital ,according to vascular stenosis by coronary CT were divided into group A (stenosis＜ 50%,n＝ 50) ,group B (stenosis 50% ～75%,n＝ 50) and group C (stenosis ＞75%,n＝50).Coronary stenotic rate and ST depression during exercise test were compared a-mong three groups.Spearman method was used to analyze correlation between treadmill exercise positive rate and coronary stenosis .Results :Compared with group B ,there were significant rise in coronary diameter stenotic rate [(63.64 ± 4.21)% vs.(66.71 ± 4.46)%] and vascular diameter of reference segment [(2.92 ± 0.23) mm vs.(3.03 ± 0.21) mm] in group C ,P＜0.05 or ＜0.01. Along with coronary stenosis aggravated ,there was significant re-duction in onset time of ST depression [(712.3 ± 202.7) s vs.(602.3 ± 210.4) s vs.(501.2 ± 236.1) s] ,and signif-icant rise in duration [ (425.4 ± 200.5) s vs.(520.8 ± 205.8) s vs.(603.4 ± 198.4) s] and treadmill exercise posi-tive rate (64.00% vs.82.00% vs .92.00%) ,in group A ,B ,C respectively ;and ST depression extent of group C was significantly higher than that of group A [(2.4 ± 1.1) mV vs.(1.9 ± 0.8) mV] ,P＜0.05 or ＜0.01. Spearman correlation analysis indicated that treadmill exercise positive rate (myocardial ischemia rate ) was not significantly correlated with coronary stenotic degree (r＝3.425 , P＝0.126).Conclusion :Although treadmill exercise test pos-sesses important significance in diagnosis of myocardial ischemia ,but coronary stenotic degree is not correlated with myocardial ischemic degree .which should raise clinical attention