OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of Zige lyophilized powder for injection in improving the acute cerebral microcirculation disturbance in rats.

METHODWindow craniotomy was performed for rats after the drug administration for 14 days. The experimental microcirculation disturbance model was duplicated with high molecule dextran. After the drug administration, the micro-vein diameters of cerebral pla mater of various groups were observed and recorded under the biological microscope. The blood flow volume was monitored by laser Doppler flow-meter. HCT was measured by the electric resistance method. The hemorheological indexes were detected by the auto-hemorheological instrument.

RESULTZige lyophilized powder for injection (16.40, 32.70, 65.40 mg x kg(-1)) could significantly expand the micro-vein diameter of cerebral pla mater, improve the downward trend of the blood flow volume, and reduce the various hemorheological indexes.

CONCLUSIONZige lyophilized powder for injection shows the effect in improving the cerebral microcirculation.

Animals ; Brain ; blood supply ; drug effects ; Brain Ischemia ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Cerebrovascular Circulation ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Male ; Powders ; administration & dosage ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Yinchenzhufu decoction (YCZFD) is a classic formula for treating Yin Huang syndrome, which can improve liver injury caused by cholestasis. However, the mechanism of action of YCZFD still remains unclear. This article used network pharmacology, molecular docking, animal experiments, and molecular biology methods to explore the mechanism of YCZFD in treating liver injury caused by cholestasis. A mouse model of acute cholestasis induced by lithocholic acid was used to investigate the effects of YCZFD on liver injury. The experimental procedures described in this paper were reviewed and approved by the Ethical Committee at the Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (approval NO. PZSHUTCM190823002). The results showed that YCZFD could reduce the levels of blood biochemical indicators and improve hepatocyte damage of cholestatic mice. Then, multiple databases were used to predict the corresponding targets of YCZFD active components on cholestatic liver injury. An intersection target protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks based on String database and Cytoscape software was used to demonstrate the possible core targets of YCZFD against cholestatic liver injury. The results indicated that core targets of YCZFD include tumor necrosis factor, interleukin-1β, non-receptor tyrosine kinase Src, interleukin-6, etc. GO (gene ontology) and KEGG (kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes) enrichment analysis indicated that YCZFD may regulate the tumor necrosis factor signaling pathway, nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway, bile secretion, and other related factors to ameliorate the cholestatic liver injury. AutoDockTools software was used to perform molecular docking verification on the core targets and components of YCZFD. To verify the results of network pharmacology, UPLC-MS/MS method was used to determine the effect of YCZFD on levels of bile acid profiles in mouse liver tissues. It was found that treatment with YCZFD significantly reduced the content of free bile acids, taurine bound bile acids, and total bile acids in the liver tissues of cholestatic mice. Then, results from real time PCR and Western blot also found that YCZFD can upregulate the expression of hepatic nuclear receptor farnesoid X receptor, metabolizing enzyme (UDP glucuronidase transferase 1a1), and efflux transporters (bile salt export pump, multidrug resistance-associated protein 2, multidrug resistance-associated protein 3, etc) in cholestasis mice, promote bile acid metabolism and excretion, and improve bile acid homeostasis. Moreover, YCZFD can also inhibit pyroptosis and inflammation by regulating NOD-like receptors 3 pathway, thereby inhibiting cholestatic liver injury.

Military pilot selection is an effective way to lower the training cost, ensure the safety of pilots and aircraft, and improve the military efficiency, which involves a comprehensive evaluation of medical fitness, psychology and flying aptitude of a pilot candidate.The concept and classification of comprehensive evaluation methods were introduced in this paper.Comprehensive evaluation methods used in domestic and overseas military pilot selection were reviewed.Finally, suggestions on the research and application of the military pilot selection system in China were raised.

Objective To approach the clinical application value of vector flow mapping (VFM) in evaluation of left ventricular systolic dysfunction in patients with chronic heart failure(CHF).Methods Forty patients with CHF were enrolled as CHF group,and forty healthy volunteers as control group.The parameters,including systole Q- (SQ-),the maximum flow volume of vortex (Qmax),the half-value area (S),radius of half-value area of vortex (r) and vortex intensity (Qmax/S),were measured in the VFM imaging mode and vortex mode.Difference of the parameters were evaluated between two groups.Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were derived via Simpson rule.Correlation analysis was performed between Qmax/S and LVEF.Results SQ- in both groups decreased progressively from basal segments to apical segments.Compared with control group,SQ-,Qmax and Qmax/S in CHF group were decreased (P ＜0.01),but S and r in CHF group were increased ( P ＜0.01).Qmax/S had a good correlation with LVEF (r=0.671,P ＜0.01).Conclusions VFM technology is a new accurate way for clinical to analysis quantificationally left ventricular blood flow structure and detect the function of left ventricle in CHF patients.

Objective To assess the clinical application value of vector flow mapping (VFM) in evaluation of left ventricular diastolic function in patients with myocardial infarction(MI).Methods Fifty patients with MI were enrolled as patients group.Sixty healthy people were enrolled as control group.The quantitative parameters,including position of vortex,the number of laps,the half-value area (S),Diameter of half-value area of vortex (D),the maximum flow volume of vortex (Qmax),and vortex intensity (Qmax/S)were measured in the VFM imaging mode and vortex mode.Difference of the parameters was evaluated between two groups.Ea/Aa were derived via TDI.And correlation analysis was performed between Ea/Aa and Qmax/S.Results Vortex were close to midline and apex cordis.Qmax/S in patients group were decreased,but the number of turns and S and D in patients group were increased.Qmax was changed during different periods of different vortex.Qmax/S had a good correlation with Ea/Aa.Conclusions VFM is a new accurate way for clinical to analysis quantificationally left ventricular blood flow structure and provides quantitative index.

Objective To determine whether a prophylactic tolterodine administration before surgical operation on non-urologic patients under general aneathesia can prevent the occurrence of catheter-related bladder discomfort (CRBD) ; and to assess patients’ tolerance to the symptoms as well as the impact on related consultation work of urologic surgeons.Methods One hundred and eighty cases of non-urology patients who need general aneathesia operations were divided into 2 groups:90 cases in tolterodine group and 90 in control group.The assessment of CRBD is categorized into 4 steps and statistics for adverse events ( dry mouth,dizzyness and facial flushing) was also conducted.A record of the patients’ needs for urologic surgical consultation during their reservation of catheter was also kept.SPSS 13.0 used in the statistical analysis of data in terms of X2 examination,where the divergence P ＜ 0.05 was regarded statisticly valid.Results 82 cases were followed up in the tolterodine group with a 24.4％ CRBD occurrence,which included 7.2％ shows moderate and severe symptoms,and there were also 23 cases with dry mouth ( 28.0％ ),4 cases with dizzyness (4.8％),13 cases with facial flussing ( 15.8％ ),and 1 case who needs further consultation (1.2％).In the 86 followed-up cases in control group,CRBD occurance rate was 54.7％,with 30.2％ showed moderate and severe symptoms,plus 2 cases suffered from severe consequences.Nine cases ( 10.5％) in control group requires further consultation ( X2 =19.499,P =0.000 ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusions A prophylactic tolterodine administration before surgery to the patients underwent general aneathesia can prevent the occurrence ofcatheter-related bladder discomfort (CRBD) and reduce the consultation work of urologic surgeons.Patients using tolterodine show a higher rate of adverse events,yet to which most patients can tolerate.

Objective To assess the abstracts on randomized controlled trials ( RCT) in non-small cell lung cancer ( NSCLC) published in Chinese and their influencing factors.Methods RCT in NSCLC published in Chinese were included according to the CONSORT statement and their influencing factors were analyzed by RevMan 5.3 soft-ware.Results The titles were identified as random, randomization, blinding, statistical method, recruited partici-pants, trial registry and fund-supported, respectively, in 20%of the 2677 abstracts included in this study.Con-clusion The titles are identified as random, randomization, blinding, statistical method, recruited participants, trial registry and fund-supported in RCT published in Chinese.Although the abstracts are improved after the publication of CONSORT, they need to be further brushed up.

Objective To evaluate the chemopreventive effects of boswellic acid and curcumin on 7,12-dimethyl benzanthracene (DMBA)-induced oral carcinogenesis in the hamster cheek pouch model.Methods Male Syrian golden hamsters(6-8 weeks old,80-130 g in weight) were randomly divided into seven groups,with group A serving as the untreated negative control.The left cheek pouch of the remaining hamsters was topically treated with 0.5％ DMBA in mineral oil three times a week for 6 weeks.They were then randomized to six groups with group B serving as a positive control and receiving no further treatment.Groups C-G were treated topically with 5,10 mg/L boswellic acid,5,10 μ moL/L curcumin,or the combination of 5 mg/L boswellic acid and 5 μmnol/L curcumin three times per week for 18 weeks.The animals were injected with bromodeoxyuridine intraperitoneally at 50 mg/kg 2 h prior to killing.At the 25 th week all the hamsters were sacrificed and cheek pouch tissue was harvested.One half of the tissue was snap frozen in liquid nitrogen for analysis of arachidonic acid metabolites,and the other half was fixed in 10％ phosphate-buffered saline(PBS)-buffered formalin for histopathological examination.Results Six-weeks of DMBA followed by 18-weeks of topical application of boswellic acid and curcumin,both boswellic acid (5,10 mg/L) and curcumin (5,10 μmol/L) significantly inhibited the incidence from 93.8％ to 73.9％ (P＞0.05),numbers from 2.19 ± 0.98 to 1.13 ± 0.81 (P ＜ 0.01) and size of visible tumors.Microscopically the incidence of squamous cell carcinoma and BrdU index were also significantly suppressed by boswellic acid and curcumin.Conclusions Both boswellic acid and curcumin were effective in preventing oral carcinogenesis in DMBA-induced hamster cheek pouch model.

BACKGROUNDTo determine the antigenicity of HGV NS5 recombinant proteins expressed in E.coli.

METHODSHGV NS5a,NS5b and core/NS5b fusion genes were cloned into pThioC vector. Three expression plasmids were transformed into JM109(DE3) competent cells then expressed with induction by IPTG. Western blot and ELISA were used to determine the antigenicity after the three recombinant proteins were purified.

RESULTSAfter identification by restriction enzyme and sequencing, it was confirmed that the expressed was target proteins espected. Purified expression proteins were found strongly immunoreactive among anti HGV positive sera by Western blot and ELISA. Compared with mixed recombinant antigen (including core, NS5a synthetic peptide and NS3 recombinant proteins), in the 22 positive sera detected with mixed antigen, 68%(15/22), 90%(20/22) and 73%(16/22) were positive by P5a,P5b and Pc?5b antigens; In the 70 negative samples with mixed antigen, 7%(5/70), 1%(1/70) and 6%(4/70) were positive by P5a, P5b and Pc?5b antigens. The positive alone was found among RTPCR positive specimen using these recombinant antigens.

CONCLUSIONSNS5 gene expressed in E.coli?which couldn't be covered with other regions of antigens was one of the essential epitopes to HGV immunologic diagnosis.

Antibodies, Viral ; blood ; Antigens, Viral ; blood ; Epitopes ; immunology ; GB virus C ; genetics ; immunology ; Humans ; Plasmids ; genetics ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; immunology ; Viral Nonstructural Proteins ; genetics ; immunology

Autopsy ; Female ; Humans ; Reye Syndrome ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Young Adult