Based on a clinical and radiological study of radiation injuries of the bones in the 17 cases, the relationship between the osseous changes and the radiation dosage and between the time from radiation therapy and the onset of the radiographic osseous changes were discussed. The authors found that the degree of local skin infection might determine the type of its underneath osseous injuries, i. e. being either "septic" (osteomyelitic) or "aseptic" (bone atrophic) radionecrosis, and it might also determine the time when the osseous changes appeared on the radiogram. It was found that radiation injuries of the bone could be distinguished from bone metastases. The authors suggest that a regular X-ray follow-up of the bones that had received a heavy dose of radiation should be made in order to reveal bone atrophy as early as posible and to remind the patient to avoid any trauma and infection.

Objective To compare the feasibility and efficacy of PPSF with OPSF for thoracolumbar fractures.Methods We searched the PUBMED,OVID and Cochrane CENTRAL databases through Jan 2014.All of the clinical trials included were extrac-ted and evaluated by two reviewers independently.Data were analyzed using RevMan 5.2.6 software by the Cochrane Collabora-tion.Results Seven studies including 353 patients met the inclusion criteria.The Meta analysis found there were significant differ-ences between the two procedures in intraoperation blood loss (RR = 1.89,95%CI :1.55 - 2.29,P < 0.05)and operation time (RR=1.21,95%CI :1.12-1.30,P <0.05).For the correction of sagittal Cobb′s angle and the anterior vertebral body height,a-nalysis did not find any significant difference between the PPSF and OPSF(P >0.05).Conclusion Both PPSF and OPSF are safe and efficacious internal fixation methods for treating thoracolumbar fractures,while,PPSF may cause less blood loss and cost less time.

Objective We analyzed the current status of research publications and its citation in the Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,aimed to provide information for policy making in the office of research management.Methods We analyzed the number of published,cited frequency and subject classification for the research articles published in the Cancer Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from 2004 to 2013.Results A total of 3749 research papers had been published from during the study period; cited frequency was 12633.Papers were mainly focused on three types of study,including cancer treatment,diagnosis,etiology and prevention.Conclusions Quantity of publications from 2004 to 2013 in Cancer Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences were improved significantly.The number of SCIE papers,cited papers and citation frequency increased as well,the number of articles cited and cited overall rate was essentially flat.It suggested that over the past decade academic research capabilities of Cancer Hospital in the field of cancer research continues to improve,however we should identify the existing problems and explore the strategy to improve the research ability.

Dental fear is a common problem in pediatric dentistry. Therefore, sedation for pediatric patients is an essential tool for anxiety management. Nitrous oxide/oxygen inhalation sedation is a safe, convenient, effective way to calm children. The review is about the technology of nitrous oxide/oxygen inhalation sedation and its clinical application in pediatric dentistry.
Anesthesia, Dental ; Anesthetics, Inhalation ; Child ; Conscious Sedation ; Dental Anxiety ; Humans ; Nitrous Oxide ; Oxygen ; Pediatric Dentistry

ObjectiveTo investigate effects of exhaustive swimming on erythrocyte membrane composition. MethodThe components of rat erythrocyte membrane like sialic acid,phospholipid cholesterol ,ratio of cholesterol/phospholipid , -SH and MDA were measured afterexhaustive swimming. ResultThe components of erythrocyte membrane such as sialic acid,phospholipid and-SH decreased significantly while MDA,cholesterol/phospholipid ratio increased after exhaustive swimming,no significant change of cholesterol content was ob-served. ConclusionIt suggested that exhaustive swimming caused significant changes in composition of erythrocyte membrane impairing thedeformability and normal function of erythrocyte.

Tropical medicine is defined by an association with geographic location, and it is a branch of medicine integrating preclinical medicine, clinical medicine and preventive medicine and investigating the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of diseases of tropical and subtropical zones. Military tropical medicine is a new interdiscipline based on tropical medicine and military medicine. With the improvement of health condition and the development of global economy, some tropical infectious diseases have been gradually controlled. However, factors such as increasingly frequent international communication and extreme changes in global climate induced by overproduction activity of human are leading to a redistribution of infectious diseases, which inevitably has impact on military strategies and tactics. This article reviews the past and prospect of military tropical medicine.

Epidemic diseases often occur following natural disasters, such as earthquakes. The most commonly seen epidemics after an earthquake include: enteric diseases (dysentery, typoid and paratypoid fever, cholera, hand foot-mouth disease, hepatitis A, hepatitis E, etc), arthropod-borne infectious diseases (malaria, Kala-Azar, Japanese encephalitis, etc), zoonosis (plague, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, anthrax, etc), soil and epidemic water transmitted diseases (tetanus, gas gangrene, leptospirosis, etc), respiratory diseases (measles, rubella, influenza, etc), food-borne diseases (food poisoning caused by bacteria or bacterial toxin). This article reviews the controlling principles and measures for major infectious pathogens and epidemic diseases after earthquake.

Objective To analyze the efficacy of prophylactic dexamethasone in the treatment of aortic dissection with stent graft.Methods The clinical data of 87 patients who received aortic dissection with stent implantation were retrospectively analyzed.The treatment group(39 cases)was treated with dexamethasone on the basis of antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent infection,and the control group(48 cases)received antibiotics to prevent infection perioperatively.The curative effect was compared between the two groups.Results The degree of inflammatory reaction in the treatment group significantly reduced,and the treatment group had obvious curative effect(x2=54.88,P<0.01).The total effective rate,significant effective rate and effective rate of the treatment group were 92.31%,61.52%,7.70%,respectively,which were significantly higher than those of the control group(13.00%,6.25%,6.25%),the difference was statistically significant(x2=54.88,P<0.01).Conclusion Prophylactic use of dexamethasone in the treatment of systemic inflammatory response after aortic dissection with stent implantation has significant effect.

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Enterovirus ; isolation & purification ; Enterovirus A, Human ; isolation & purification ; Female ; Fluorescence ; Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease ; virology ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; RNA, Viral ; analysis

Objective To summarize the clinical characteristics and investigate the prognostic factors of primary duodenal carcinoma.Methods The clinical data of 122 patients with primary duodenal carcinoma who were admitted to the Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University from November 2007 to May 2013 were retrospectively analyzed.All the patients received different operations according to the characteristics of tumors.Primary duodenal carcinomas of patients were confirmed by the postoperative pathological diagnosis.All the patients were followed up by outpatient examination, telephone interview and correspondence till November 30,2014.The treatment process, results of imaging examination and laboratory examination and postoperative survival were recorded.The clinical features, diagnostic criteria, therapeutic regimens and prognostic factors were analyzed.The survival rate and survival curve were analyzed and drawn by the Kaplan-Meier method.The univariate analysis was done using the Log-rank test, and multivariate analysis was done using the COX regression model.Results Among the 122 patients with primary duodenal carcinoma, jaundice as the first symptom was detected in 57 patients, abdominal pain and upper abdomen discomfort in 37 patients, gastrointestinal obstruction in 14 patients,anorexia and reduction of body weight in 4 patients, gastrointestinal hemorrhage in 3 patients, diarrhea in 3 patients, pyrexia in 3 patients and abdominal mass in 1 patient.The positive rates of CT examinations, endoscopic examinations, magnetic resonanced cholangio-pancreatography (MRCP), B-ultrasound examinations and upper gastrointestinal contrast examinations were 69.67％ (85/122), 85.56％ (77/90), 79.76％ (67/84), 12.73％ (7/55) and 75.00％ (36/48), respectively.Among the 122 patients, anemia was detected in 48 patients,positive fecal occult blood test in 94 patients, increasing level of CA19-9 in 71 patients, increasing level of CEA in 22 patients and increasing level of AFP in 9 patients.The tumors located at the descending part of duodenum,duodenal bulb and horizontal part of duodenum were detected in patients of 86.07％ (105/122), 7.37 ％ (9/122) and 6.56％ (8/122), respectively.The mean diameter of tumors was 2.3 cm (range, 1.0-15.0cm).All the 122 patients received operation.Pancreaticoduo-denectomy was performed in 100 patients, including combined with jejunostomy in 17 patients, pylorus-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy in 7 patients, segmental resection of duodenum and gastrojejunostomy in 5 patients, local resection of duodenal papilla in 6 patients and palliative gastrojejunostomy in 11 patients.Nineteen patients with complications were cured by symptomatic treatment.Of the 122 patients, adenocarcinoma, carcinoid tumor, lymphoma, small cell carcinoma, intraepithelial neoplasm combined with differentiated rhabdomyoma and with undifferentiated rhabdomyoma were detected in 116, 2, 1, 1,1 and 1 patients, respectively.The Ⅰ , Ⅱ , Ⅲ and Ⅳ stage of tumors were detected in 10, 4, 74 and 34 patients.There were 100 patients without lymph node metastasis, 13 patients with 0 ＜ metastatic lymph node ratio (MLR) ≤0.2, 4 patients with 0.2 ＜ MLR≤0.4 and 5 patients with MLR ＞ 0.4.One-hundred and twelve of 122 patients were followed up for 1-70 months with a median follow-up time of 20 months.The postoperative survival time, a median of survival time, postoperative 3-and 5-year survival rates were 1-70 months, 18 months, 36.6％ and 13.5％ , respectively.The results of univariate analysis showed that the lymph node metastasis, differentiated grade of tumor, MLR and with invasion of pancreas were risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients (x2 =8.465, 57.355, 16.232, 20.112, P ＜ 0.05).The multivariate analysis showed that the low-differentiation of tumor, invasion of pancreas, lymph node metastasis and MLR ＞ 0.4 were independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients (RR =3.330, 3.718, 2.623, 95％ confidence interval: 1.861-5.956, 1.292-10.696,1.624-4.236, P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Most of the primary duodenal carcinomas are located at the descending part of duodenum without specific clinical symptoms in the early stage.The joint usage of assistant examinations can improve the diagnostic rate of primary duodenal carcinoma, and surgery is mainly therapeutic method.The low-differentiation of tumor, MLR ＞ 0.4 and invasion of pancreas are independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients.