Objective To investigate the effect of hemodilution with different plasma substitutes on the expression of tumor necrosis factor-? (TNF-?) and interleukin-1 (IL-1 ) in brain tissue after global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in rats.Methods 116 male Wistar rats weighing 230-280 g were randomly divided into 4 groups: group S ( n = 20) sham operation; group Ⅰ ( n = 32) I/R; group H (n = 32) I/R + hemodilution with 6% hydroxyethyl starch (HAES, 200/0.5) and group G ( n = 32) I/R + hemodilution with gelatine solution. Group Ⅰ, H and G were further divided into 4 equal subgroups with 8 animals in each subgroup according to the duration of reperfusion: 1, 3, 6, 12 h. Global cerebral ischemia was produced by permanent occlusion of bilateral vertebral arteries and cross-clamping of bilateral common carotid arteries for 10 min. The clamping was then released for reperfusion. Global cerebral ischemia was confirmed by coma, loss of righting reflex, bilateral pupil dilation and loss of pain sensation. In group H and G acute hemodilution was performed at 10 min after the beginning of reperfusion. 1 ml? 100 g-1 of blood was removed from the right femoral artery and equal volume of plasma substitute was infused into left femoral vein simultaneously within 5 min. Hematocrit was checked before and after hemodilution. The animals were decapitated after being reperfused for different periods of time as planned and the brains were immediately removed. MTT bioassay and radioimmunoassay techniques were used to determine the IL-1 activity and TNF-? content of the brain tissue respectively. Results The IL-1 and TNF-? levels of brain tissue at 1, 3, 6, 12 h after reperfusion was started were significantly higher in group Ⅰ, H and G than in group S (P

Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tracheal Stenosis

Adult ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; surgery ; Humans ; Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged

Animals ; In Vitro Techniques ; Muscle Contraction ; drug effects ; Muscle, Smooth ; drug effects ; physiology ; Progesterone ; pharmacology ; Rabbits ; Trachea ; drug effects

Objective To evaluate the correlation between pathological findings and clinical characteristics of patients with Sj(o)gren's syndrome (SS). Methods Eighty-four patients diagnosed with SS from 119 suspected ones at Peking University First Hospital were recruited. According to the pathological changes of lip biopsy, 64 patients were focus score (FS)( + ) and 20 patients were FS (-). In the FS( + ) group, 20 patients had germinal center (GC)( + ) and 44 patients had no GC. x2 test and t test were used for statistical analysis. Results The duration of symptoms of dry eyes or dry mouth in the FS (+) group was longer than that in the FS (-) group (P＜0.05). In the FS ( + ) patients, those with GC (+) had significantly longer duration of xerothalmia or xerostomia, higher serum IgG levels, greater FS score, and higher incidence of system involvement than those without GC patients (P＜0.05). In the FS (-) group, lip biopsies showed degenerative changes in 6 (30%) patients. Those with degenerative changes had longer duration of dry eyes and dry mouth and higher incidence of system involvement. Conclusion GC (+) in FS (+) patients and degenerative changes in FS (-) patients from lip biopsy are associated with severer clinical manifestations in patients with SS, suggesting that more clinical attention should be paid to this subgroup of patients.

Objective To investigate the roles of hemopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Methods HSCs were isolated from the bone marrow of a patient with psoriasis vulgaris and a normal human control. Forward- and reverse-subtracted cDNA libraries were constructed by using suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) technique between HSCs from the patient and control. Bacterial PCR and dot hybridization were performed to screen for positive clones followed by gene sequencing, identification and functional analysis. Real time quantitative PCR was carried out to measure the mRNA expression of interferon-γ and thymosin 10 (TMSB10). Results Nine genes were screened from the forward-subtracted cDNA library which encoded interferon-γ, tyrosine phosphatase, SUMO1 activase, etc, and 8 genes including the TMSB10-encoding gene were screened from the reverse-subtracted cDNA library. The relative expression level of interferon-γ in HSCs from the patient was 47.5 times that in HSCs from the control, while the level of TMSB10 from the control was 22.6 times that from the patient. Conclusion The abnormal expression of 17 genes which encode interferon-γ, thyrosin, and so on, may be involved in the development of psoriasis.

ObjectiveTo know urban-rural differences of reference factors for the identification of students from poor families in order to provide references for identifying index system.Methods Questionnaires were used among 708 students from poor families.ResultsThere were 78.9％ urban and 89.1％ rural families whose average earnings were lower than 410 RMB per month.The number of majority urban and rural family (58.8％,75.4％ ) was 4 - 6 ; 77.0％ ( 86.3％ ) urban and 97.3％ (97.9％) rural fathers' ( mothers' ) education levels were high school or below; 8.6％ ( 23.1％ ) urban and 82.3 ％ ( 85.1％ ) rural fathers ( mothers ) were farmers.The proportion of students having computers was 87.2％ (urban) and 7 1.9 ％ (rural) ; 54.9％ urban and 63.9％ rural students' life was not frugal; 85.2％ urban and 79.1％ rural students thought campus cards shouldn't be monitored.ConclusionsThere are significant urban-rural differences of reference factors for the idenffication and family residence is the key indicator which should have higher weights.

Objective To observe the relationship of awake bispectral index (BISawake) and the postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). Methods 100 patients aged 60~75 years with ASA status Ⅰ~Ⅱ, underwent elective lower abdominal surgery with intravenous anesthesia (propofol, remifentanyl and rocuronium). The BIS was adjusted in 40~60 during the surgery. Their cognitive function was assessed with the neuropsychological test battery commended by International study of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (ISPOCD). Results 8 patients withdrew for unwilling or serious complications. The BISawake was more than 65 in 68 patients (group A), and less than 65 in 24 patients (group B). The difference of the verbal learning immediate and delayed of Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised was more in the group B than in the group A. Conclusion Lower BISawake may be associated with the decline of postoperative cognitive function.

Objective To investigate the vision-related quality of life （VRQL） in patients with glaucoma and to explore the intervention. Methods 260 patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) were investigated with questionnaire of VRQL and self-evaluation before and after health education. 100 health adults with similar age and vision was selected as controls. Results There were significant decrease on VRQL and self-evaluation in patients with glaucoma. Systematic health education can significantly improve their VRQL and self-evaluation. Conclusion The in patients with Glaucoma may result in decrease of VRQL， and systemic health education can improve the quality of life.

Objective Severe preeclampsia (sPE), which is usually complicated by small-for-gestational-age (SGA) and immature labor , remains a leading cause of maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity. This study was to investigate the risk factors of SGA in sPE. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 100 cases of sPE, 35 with SGA (the case group) and the other 65 without it ( the control group ) .We conducted single-factor analysis on the general characteristics and potential impact factors of the patients , i-dentified the independent risk factors of SGA using the un-conditional stepwise logistic model , and assessed the value of umbilical arter-y S/D ratio and proteinuria ration in the diagnosis of sPE with SGA with the ROC curve . Results Compared with the control group , the case group had more cases of early-onset sPE ( P =0.010 ), earlier gestational and delivery weeks (P<0.001), lower neonatal weight at birth ( P<0 .001 ) , higher rate of admission to and longer stay in the neonatal ICU (P<0.001), and higher incidence of neo-natal complications (P<0.05).The case group also showed signifi-cant increases in comparison with the control in the umbilical artery S/D ratio (2.95 ±0.75 vs 2.31 ±0.47, P<0.05), frequency of S/D ratio ≥95th percentile (22.86% vs 6.15%, P<0.01), and rate of proteinuria ≥5 g/24 h (42.86% vs 20.00%, P<0.05).The S/D ratio ≥95th percentile (OR=6.02, 95%CI:2.32-16.78) and proteinuria≥5 g/24 h (OR=1.65, 95%CI:1.56-3.01) were found to be the risk factors of sPE with SGA.The area under the curve was 0.852 for the combination of S/D ra-tio and proteinuria ration in the diagnosis of sPE with SGA (P<0.05). Conclusion Umbilical artery S/D ratio≥95th percentile and proteinuria ≥5 g/24 h contribute to the early prediction, prevention, and prognosis of sPE, and is valuable for the diagnosis of sPE with SGA.