Objective:To discuss what impact prone position ventilation (PPV) plays in treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrom (ARDS)originating from pulmonary disease(ARDSp) and extra-pulmonary disease(ARDSexp).Methods: Retrospective case-control cohorts study. Sixty patients with ARDS were included, were classified two groups which were originated from pulmonary disease(n=30) and extra-pulmonary disease(n=30), they were ventilated in PPV. And oxygenation of 0,2,4, and 6 hours in PPV, static compliance(Cst), airway resistance(Raw) of were evaluated. The Ultrasonic Cardiac Output Monitor was applied to monitor the cardiac function.Results:At 2 hours after ventilation in ARDSexp group, PaO2/FiO2 have been improved significantly. The longer duration of PPV seemed to be associated with continuous improvement and peaks at 4 hours. In ARDSexp group PaO2/FiO2 after ventilation at 3 hours exceeds the other groups. At 4 hours after ventilation, PaO2/FiO2 of both ARDSp and ARDSexp groups of PPV have been improved than that of supine position. After ventilation for 4 hours, the RAW of ARDSp decreases dramatically and considerably below the other groups.Conclusion: PPV was a safe and effective maneuver for improving oxygenation in patients with ARDSp and ARDSexp. Both ARDSp and ARDSexp clearly appear to benefit from PPV, particularly in ARDSexp group. PPV aslo influenced haemodynamics in patients rarely.

Objective To observe the expression of Klotho and Na+/Pi cotransporter in high phosphorous-induced rats with 5/6 nephrectomy and its relationship with vascular calcification,as well as to investigate the effect of early intervention by sodium thiosulfate (STS) on the progression of vascular calcification.Methods Either 5/6 nephrectomy (n=21) or sham operation (n=14) was conducted on 35 Sprague Dawley rats,who were then fed with high phosphorus (HP) diet or normal phosphorus (NP) diet for 16 weeks respectively.The rats were divided into 5 groups as follows:(1) remnant kidney rats receiving HP diet (NHP,n=7),(2) remnant kidney rats receiving NP diet (NNP,n=7),(3) sham operation rats receiving NP diet (SNP,n=7),(4) sham operation rats receiving HP diet (SHP,n=7),(5) remnant kidney rats receiving HP diet with STS (THP,n=7).The treatment group was given STS intraperitoneally three times a week for 16 weeks.At the end of the 16th week,rats tail artery blood pressures were tested,serum creatinine (Scr),calcium (Ca2+),phosphorus (P3+),FGF23,iPTH and urine protein were examined.Throacic aorta and kidney were then removed.Vascular calcification was confirmed by Von kossa staining.Klotho and Pit-1 expression in aortas were determined by immunohistochemistry.Renal lesion was determined by PASM-Masson staining.Renal Klotho and NaPi-2a mRNA were determined by real time RT-PCR.Results After 16 weeks,Scr,p3+,FGF23,iPTH,uric protein and blood pressure were significantly higher in NHP than those in SNP rats (all P ＜ 0.05).PASM-Masson staining revealed typical renal pathology of chronic renal failure in NHP group.With the treatment of STS,THP rats showed significant decrease in Scr,t3+,FGF23,iPTH,uric protein and blood pressure by comparison with NHP group (all P ＜ 0.05).Significant vascular calcification was found in NHP group while NNP and SHP group occasionally had vascular calcification;THP group had marked alleviation of vascular calcification.The aorta and renal expression of Klotho decreased remarkably while expression of Pit-1 and NaPi-2a increased significantly in NHP compared with SNP group (all P ＜ 0.05).Accordingly,the aorta and renal expression of Klotho increased and Pit-1 and NaPi-2a decreased significantly in THP compared with NHP group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The early intervention of sodium thiosulfate might regulate Klotho and Na +/Pi cotransporter expression in both aorth and kidney,decreasing serum phosphate,delaying progression of vascular calcification and improving renal function.

Objective To explore the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on the motor function of lower limbs of patients with cerebral infarction.Methods Sixty stroke survivors with lower limb dysfunctionwere randomly assigned to an rTMS treatment group or a control group,each of 30.Both groups were given routine medication and rehabilitation treatment,while the treatment group was additionally provided with 4 weeks of rTMS treatment of the contra-lesional M1 at 1 Hz and 90％ motor threshold.The Fugl-Meyer motor assessment (FMA) and maximum walking speed (MWS) were used to assess both groups before and after the treatment and 2 weeks later.Adverse reactions were also recorded.Results Before the intervention,no differences were found between the two groups.After the treatment and two weeks after that,significant improvement was observed in the average FMA and 10 m MWS of both groups,with significantly more improvement in the treatment group than among the controls.No obvious adverse reactions were observed in either group.Conclusions rTMS can improve the motor function of the affected lower limbs of stroke patients safely.

Objective To exPlore the effect of mammalian target of raPamycin ( mTOR ) inhibitor eVerolimus on radiosensitiVity of human non_small cell lung cancer cell line in vitro by using eVerolimus to inhibit mTOR signaling Pathway of A549. Methods Human non_small cell lung cancer cell line A549 was subjected to radiation alone or in combination with eVerolimus treatment. The 50%inhibition concentration ( IC50 ) of eVerolimus in A549 cells was detected by methylthiazol tetrazolium ( MTT) assay in vitro. EVerolimus at the 20%inhibition concentration ( IC20 ) was used to Pretreat A549 cells for 24 h. Cells were then irradiated by X_ray with 2,4,6,8 Gy. The cell surViVal fraction was comPuted by clone formation. Cell surViVal curVe was fitted by multitarget one_hit model, and mean lethal dose ( D0 ), dose quasithreshold ( Dq ), surViVal fraction at 2 Gy ( SF2 ), and sensitization enhancement ratio (SER) were calculated. The exPression ofγ_H2AX was determined by Western blotting and then the relatiVe gray Values were analyzed. Results EVerolimus significantly imProVed the sensitiVity of A549 cells to radiation. The D0 , Dq and SF2 of eVerolimus+irradiation grouP were significantly lower than those of irradiation grouP. The SER was 1. 36. The residual amount of γ_H2AX Protein in the eVerolimus + irradiation grouP was significantly higher than that of the irradiation grouP. Conclusion EVerolimus inhibiting mTOR signaling Pathway can increase the radiosensitiVity of A549 cells.

Gaschromatography-tandemmassspectrometrywasadoptedtoidentifythehydroxylatedmetabolites of polychlorinated biphenyls and analyze the target compounds in fishery products. After the silylation derivatizaiton at 60 ℃ for 40 min, the MS spectrum of derivatives was obtained by GC/MS/MS under fullscan mode, and the fragment ions with the highest relative abundance were identified as m/z 399, 399, 399, 399, 399, 448 and 469, respectively which were defined as the precursor ion for product ion scan. The MS/MS spectrum was obtained under multiple reaction mode ( MRM ) by GC/MS/MS. And the product ions corresponded with the precursor ions were m/z 364, 364, 364, 364, 364, 433 and 434, respectively. The target compounds can be identified accurately by GC/MS/MS. In the present study, we took seven hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls as target compounds including 3-OH-PCB101 , 4-OH-PCB106 , 4-OH-PCB112 , 4'-OH-PCB101 , 3-OH-PCB118 , 3-OH-PCB138 and 3-OH-PCB180 . According to the identification method stated as above, the MS and MS/MS spectra of seven compounds were obtained. The compounds can be qualified and quantified by the identification method. The limits of detection ranged from 0. 02 to 0. 14 μg/L, and the limits of quantification ranged from 0. 09 to 0. 48 μg/L. The method has been applied to identify the hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls in fishery products.

To improve ethanol production in Saccharomyces cerevisiae,an integration plasmid pUPGKAT with PGK promoter(phosphoglycerate kinase promoter),adh1 gene(the coding sequences of alcohol dehydrogenaseⅠ) and CYC1 terminator(Cytochrome c transcription terminator) was constructed.Firstly,a fusion fragment composed of PGK promoter and adh1 gene was generated by over lap extension PCR and ligated into pUG6 resulting in plasmid pUPGKA.Subsequently,CYC1 termi nator was amplified from pSH65 by PCR and ligated to the SpeⅠand SacⅡrestriction site of pUPGKA.To integrate PGK-adh1-CYC1 into S.cerevisiae genome,pUPGKAT was digested by TthⅢⅠand the lin-earized plasmid was used to transform S.cerevisiae YS2-△adh2(adh2 disrupted strain) by lithium acetate method.The yeast mutant YS2-△adh2-adh1 which had the adh1 gene placed under the PGK promoter and harbored the adh2 deletion was constructed.Anaerobic fermentation showed overexpression of adh1 by PGK promoter resulted in a 8.84% higher ethanol production compared to YS2-△adh2.

Acyl carrier protein is an essential component involved in the biosynthesis of DHA(Docosahexaenoic Acid) via PKS(Polyketide synthase) pathway,which takes the growing acyl chain from one enzyme to another.One cDNA clone,with high homology of ACP,was isolated from Schizochytrium sp.FJU-512 cDNA library.The deduced amino acid sequence contained 142 residues with isoelectric point of 5.04 and had the 4'-phosphopantetheine prosthetic(4'-PP) binding site.The target fragment was digested with BamHⅠ/HindⅢand inserted into the expression vector pET-30a resulting in the plasmid pET-30a/acp.The recombinant vector was transformed into E.coli BL21(DE3) and induced by IPTG.SDS-PAGE analysis demonstrated that ACP was effectively expressed.

Objective To explore the dynamic changes and significance of heart rate variability(HRV)during the initial phase after acute exposure to Tibet plateau by combining time,frequency domain and non-linear analysis.Methods Eighty-six healthy young men of Han nationality underwent short-term(5 min)heart rate variability(HRV)monitoring at 560 meter above sea level(plain),then were transported to Tibet plateau(3675-meter above sea level)by airplane.There,all subjects were divided into 3 groups,and A gorup(n=12)underwent HRV monitoring on the 2nd day after arrival,B group(n=48)on the 3rd day,C group(n=26)on the 4th day.Results Compared with the data obtained at plain,the standard deviation of normal to normal intervals(SDNN),high frequency(HF)and total power(TP)decreased significantly(P50 ms(PNN50)and normalized high frequency(HFnu)also decreased obviously(P

Patch-clamp is used to study all sorts of ionic channels and their regulations with measuring pA current of cell ionic channel, but the fast capacitance (C-fast) compensation and slow capacitance (C-slow) compensation transient currents are caused by measuring objects and measuring instruments themselves which will change the properties of action potentials. The present paper firstly discusses the C-Fast transient currents affecting membrane capacitance and membrane potential, and then draws a conclusion that the changes of membrane potential affect the properties of action potential through analyzing the changes of membrane potential in H-H model. Based on this conclusion, we discuss the influence mechanisms mainly through the analysis of traditional C-fast compensation errors, and focus discussion on the shape of electrode capacitance affecting C-fast. This method can not only improve the compensation speed greatly, but also improve the compensation precision from the electrode shape as much as possible.
Action Potentials ; Electric Capacitance ; Ion Channels ; physiology ; Membrane Potentials ; Neurons ; cytology ; Patch-Clamp Techniques

To establish vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) as secretary biomarkers for cell growth on topographic substrates, we have evaluated the secretion and expression of these 2 factors by SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells on poly-L-lactide (PLLA) micropillar arrayed topographic substrates. We fabricated topographic substrates with UV lithography, silicon etching and polydimethylsiloxane-based replica molding, and interfaced SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells with both the topographic substrates and PLLA flat substrates. Cell morphology and spreading were examined with scanning electron microscopy. The secretion and mRNA expression of VEGF and IL-8 were evaluated with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and real time qPCR, respectively, 24 hours after cell plating. We successfully achieved 4 topographic substrates with a nominal pillar diameter of 2 microm and 4 microm, and a nominal pillar spacing of 2 microm and 7 microm. We found that the secretion and mRNA expression of VEGF and/or IL-8 by SH-SY5Y cells on 2-2 microm (pillar diameter-spacing), 4-2 microm and 4-7 microm topographic substrates were upregulated in comparison to those by cells on PLLA flat substrate, 24 hours after cell plating. Furthermore, both cytokines were even more substantially upregulated on the 2-7 microm substrate than on the other 3 topographic substrates. Compared to those on PLLA flat substrate, cells on topographic substrates showed significant changes in morphology (spreading area, perimeter and roundness), and the increase in the secretion and mRNA expression of VEGF and IL-8 was accompanied with a decrease in cell spreading areas. These results provided evidence that pillar arrayed topography was an important microenvironmental factor in affecting VEGF and IL-8 expression or secretion, and VEGF and IL-8 might serve as important secretary biomarkers for growth on topographic substrates by SH-SY5Y cells.
Biomarkers ; Cell Line ; Cell Proliferation ; Cellular Microenvironment ; Humans ; Interleukin-8 ; genetics ; secretion ; Neuroblastoma ; secretion ; Polyesters ; chemistry ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; genetics ; secretion