An evaluation scale of medical services quality was developed on the basis of "patients' experience". The questionnaires were developed by, among others, searching relevant literature, collecting well-established assessment scales, measuring patients' experience and satisfaction, brain-storming, literature analysis. Delphi method was adopted for expert consultation. Scale items were screened and revised. The key indexes were converted. Field surveys were conducted for testing the reliability and validity of the scale. Our modified evaluation scale for measuring medical services quality based on "patients' experience" included 6 dimensions (tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy and continuity), and 50 items. The novel scale based on "patients' experience" may better serve the purpose of assessing medical services quality.

Objective To investigate the effect of Niaochangshu capsule on urodynamics in bladder filling period of patients with post-menopause urethral syndrome of renal deficiency and blood stasis type.Methods A total of 36 patients with post-menopause urethral syndrome of renal deficiency and blood stasis type were randomly assigned to two groups:the trial group(24 patients were treated with Niaochangshu capsule) and the control group(12 patients were treated with Nilestriol).All patients were treated for 8 weeks.The changes of the urodynamic indexes in bladder filling period(the capacity of the bladder,the compliance of the bladder and the sensitivity of the bladder) were compared between the two groups.Results After treatment,the urodynamic index,including the maximum cystic capacity,the volume at the first desire to void and the cystic compliance were evidently improved in both of the trial group and the control group(P0.05).Conclusion Niaochangshu capsule is effective in treating the patients with post-menopause urethral syndrome of renal deficiency and blood stasis type.It can increase the cystic capacity and compliance,step down the sensitivity of the bladder.Its effect is similar to Nilestriol.

Objective To evaluate the recent impact and long-term effects of recombinant human acidic fibroblast growth factor (rh-aFGF) of cesarean section on women's abdominal incision healing.Methods In 516 cases of cesarean section in women,randomly divided into placebo group (172 cases),spray group (172 cases) and flush group (172 cases).The placebo group received 0.9％ sodium chloride washing abdominal incision suture.The spray group incision suture direcdy after the administration of rh-aFGF spray,per square meter of 3-4 sprays,3-5 times/d.The flush group was given before 2 rh-aFGF dissolved in 10-20 ml of 0.9％ sodium chloride directly after washing the incision suture,then given spray treatment.The recent follow-up of 15 d observed maternal abdominal incision healing.Long term follow-up of 3 months to observe the incision scar formation.Results The abdominal incision heating time was (8.6 ±3.5) d,that was obviously shorter than that in spray group (10.4 ±3.7) d and placebo group (12.7 ± 4.9) d (P ＜ 0.05).The delay healing accounted for 4.2％ (7/166) in flush group,significantly lower than that in placebo group (34/168,20.2％) and spray group (16/165,9.7％) (P＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of fat liquefaction,postoperative infection among three groups (P ＞ 0.05).Flush group exudation,abdominal wall adhesions was lower than placebo group and spray group [2.4％(4/166) vs.10.1％(17/168),5.5％(9/165),3.6％(6/166) vs.17.3％(29/168),9.7％(16/165)](P＜0.05).Long term follow-up,flush group scar area than spray group reduced by 13.5％,than placebo group reduced by 27.2％.Conclusions A recent rh-aFGF can reduce the cesarean section abdominal incision healing time and reduce abdominal wall adhesions and exudation;rh-aFGF the best dosage is intraoperative irrigation treatment spray combined with postoperative.

Carboxysomes are extremely efficient microcompartments committed to CO2 fixation due to tailored CO2-concentrating mechanism (CCM). In cyanobacteria and some chemoautotrophs, carboxysomes as organelle-like microbodies encapsulate ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO) and carbonic anhydrase (CA). Together with active inorganic carbon uptake transporters, carboxysomes accumulate HCO3(-) in the cytoplasm, leading to high efficiency of carbon fixation. Based on the elucidation of structures and functionalities, heterologous production of carboxysomes has been achieved so far. In fact, the genes encoding either vacant carboxysome shell or only interior components have been characterized. This review summarizes the discovery along with types, showcases molecular structures and roles of carboxysomes in CCM, and presents their broad applications in metabolic engineering.
Biological Transport ; Carbon ; metabolism ; Carbon Cycle ; Carbon Dioxide ; metabolism ; Cyanobacteria ; metabolism ; Metabolic Engineering

[Objective]To discuss the relationship between partial upper limb edema in the cervical spondylosis patients and the decompression operation.[Method]Ten cervical spondylosis cases with partial upper limb edema were reviewed,including 7 cases of cervical spondylotic myelopathy,2 cases of cervical radiculopathy and 1 case of OPLL(ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament).Seven cases were treated with subtotal vertebrectomy and anterior internal fixation,one with subtotal vertebrectomy and anterior discectomy,2 cases with posterior decompression and fusion.All the patients were available for follow-up to evaluate the decay of the edema.[Result]All the 10 patients' edema disappeared with the duration from one day to over half a year.The treatment of anterior surgery made patients' edema disappear quicker than that of posterior surgery.[Conclusion]The occurrence of the upper limb edema in the cervical spondylosis patients is related to do with the irritated sympathetic nerve.The edema can be reduced in short term after the decompression operation.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the application of vancomycin in pediatric patients.METHODS:By reviewing medical histories of 368 pediatric patients who had been treated with vancomycin from 2005 to 2006,the use of vancomycin was investigated in respect of children' general condition,microbiological examination,dosage regimen,adverse drug reactions to evaluate the rationality of drug use.RESULTS:ADR occurred in 17 cases(4.6%).The use of vancomycin was rational or basically rational in 240 cases(65.2%).CONCLUSION:It is necessary to tighten more strict control on the use of vancomycin in pediatric patients.

Epilepsy is a common disorder of neurological system in children.Inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs) is one of an important etiology of epilepsy.Seizures may be the first and the major presenting feature of IEMs.IEMs are a relatively rare cause of epilepsy,but their recognition and diagnosis is very important because several disorders are treatable.This review will concentrate on diseases where epilepsy is the predominant clinical manifestation and especially where the disease course can be positively influenced by specific metabolic therapies.

Objective To investigate the correlation between the severity of coronary artery disease with se-rum bilirubin and left ventricular cardiac function. Methods Two hundred and six patients underwent blood bio-chemical ,color-echocardiography and angiography of coronary artery. The patients were divided into 4 ordinal groups according to the Gensini score indicating the severity of coronary artery disease. Results There were significant differences in total bilirubin(TBIL), left atrial dimension (LAD), left ventricular dimension (LVD) and left ventric-ular ejection fraction (LVEF) between the four groups(P<0.05 or P<0.01). The Spearman correlation coefficent between Gensini's scores and LAD, LVD were 0.280 (P=0.000) and 0.176 (P=0.011), respectively. The Spearman correlation coefficient between Gemini's scores and TBIL, LVEF were -0.541 (P<0.000) and -0.222 (P=0.001), respectively. The multiple linear regression between the Gensini's score and parameters showed that TBIL and LVD were independently correlated with the Gensini scores (P=0.000 and P=0.002, respec-tively). Conclusions TBIL and LVD were independently correlated with Gensini's score. LVEF was negatively cor-related with the severity of coronary disease and is a useful predictor for the severity of coronary atherosclerotic heart disease.

Objective To examine the impact of note-taking habits on academic scores of junior middle school students.Methods A sample of 412 junior middle school students were applied a self-developed note-taking habits inventory (NTHI) ,and the impact of note-taking habits on academic scores was examined by using bivariate correlation and linear regression analysis.Results Girls got significantly higher NTHI scores than boys [(3.67±0.55)vs(3.19±0.80),P＜0.01] ,and students from key classes got significantly higher NTHI scores than those of typical classes[(3.56±0.64)vs (3.37±0.75),P＜ 0.05].Total academic scores of Chinese,mathmatics and English was found significantly and positively related to total NTHI scores and the five subscales(r=0.280,P＜0.01 ;r=0.293,P＜ 0.01 ;r=0.126,P＜0.05 ;r=0.255,P＜0.01 ;r=0.239,P＜0.01 ;r=0.280,P ＜ 0.01).Attitude towards note-taking,full note-making and immediate note-rewriting showed direct and significant influence on total academic score of Chinese,mathmatics and English.Full note-making,attitude towards notetaking and immediate note-rewriting showed direct and significant influence on score of Chinese.So did of active note-making,immediate note-rewriting,full note-making and attitude towards note-taking on mathmatice scores,attitude towards note-taking and full note-making on score of Chinese.Conclusion Note-taking habits could be direct predictor of their academic scores for junior middle school students.

Objective To discuss the significance and alteration of heart rate turbulence (HRT) of diabetics with ventricular premature beats of coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods 107 patients were chosen and divided into DM group(n=30), CHD group (n=32)and normal group(n=45).The turbulence onset(TO)and turbulence slope(TS) were calculated and analyzed. Results For the diabetics with ventricular premature beats, TO value was higher and TS value was lower than the normal group(all P<0.05).The value of TO and TS of the diabetics with ventricular premature beats were similar to those of CHD(P>0.05). Conclusions HRT can be used to estimate the integrality and stability of cardiac autonomic nerve function for the diabetics and it is an important factor for diagnosis.