As for pediatric patients,antibacterial drugs are the most common prescription drugs.These agents play a significant role in reducing the incidence and mortality of human infections.However,at the same time,some related adverse reactions appeared,such as the impact on intestinal microflora colonization.Intestinal microbial population has great importance in regulating body's metabolism.If early use of antibiotics in life,the composition of the intestinal microbiota will be destroyed,and resulting in obesity.Animal experiments showed that low-dose antibiotics may promote an increase in body weight,and the use of antimicrobial drugs in the early life was more effective than that in late stage.Currently,available human epidemiological investigation indicated that antibacterial drugs had a similar effect in human.Gut flora in early life is essential for the later metabolism of body,but it is susceptible to interference.Using probiotics after the application of antimicrobial drug may be beneficial to improve the balance of intestinal microflora.This may be a new direction to prevent obesity after the early use of antimicrobial drugs.Now,the domestic and foreign reports were combined to elaborate the antibacterial drug metabolism in animals,the influence of body quality on the quality of the human body and the corresponding measures after application of antimicrobial agents.

Objective To investigate the action of immune factors(IgG and IgM)and cytokine(IL-8)in the pathogenesis of microscopic colitis.Methods Immunohistochemical methods and radioimmune methods were used to detect IgG and IgM in intestinal mucosa and IL-8 in serum respectively.The data of 32 cases who were diagnosed as microscopic colitis were compared with that of 71 irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)and 38 active ulcerative colitis(UC)patients who were assigned as the control group.Results The expression of IgG and IgM increased in MC group;there were significant differences compared with IBS group,but no significant differences compared with UC group;the level of IL-8 in MC group showed significant difference compared with UC group but had no significant difference compared with IBS group;the level of IL-8 in UC group increased obviously.Conclusion It is the disordered function of immune system that plays a main roles in the pathogenesis of MC,not inflammation.

Objective To investigate the level of leptin in the serum of GDM mothers and their neonates and the variation of the leptin expression in placenta. Methods The concentrations of serum insulin and leptin in 24 GDM and 26 healthy mothers and neonates were examined by radioimmunoassay (RIA).The level of leptin mRNA in 50 placentas was examined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR). Results (1) The serum levels of leptin and insulin in GDM group [(18.62?7.86) ?g/L and (13.47?5.11) mIU/L] were significantly higher than those in control group [(14.21?7.59) ?g/L and (8.98?4.23) mIU/L,P 0.05) in both groups. But the leptin level in umbilical blood of the two group was positively related to the insulin level ( r=0.53,P

Objective The experiment aims at probing the best condition of the isolation and purification of rat islets.Methods The islets were isolated from rat pancreas by hepatopancreatic duct perfusing with collagenase and purified with Ficoll 400 discontinuous density gradient centrifugation.Then the purified islets were subjected to histological staining,electron microscopy and radioimmunoassay for identification of specificity and viability.Results The histological staining revealed that the viability and the purity of the purified islets were above 95％and 85％respectively.Electron microscopy showed that the purified islets were morphologically intact with clear membrane and plenty of secreting granules.Radioimmunoassay demonstrated the secreted insulin concerntration between low-glucose groups and high-glucose groups varied significantly,which verified the good function of the islets.Conclusion Hepatopancreatic duct perfusing with collagenase is a good method for digestion.There aye many factors that influence the quantity and quality of the acquired islets,such as the completed expansion of pancreas,the concentration and viability of collagenase and the digested time,etc.

Randomized control study of gemfibrozil and pantethine was made in 39 NIDDM patients to compare their effect on anti-lipid-peroxidation.The patients were divided into two groups at random. One group took gcmfibrozil 900 mg/d for 4 weeks, the ether group took pantethine 540 mg/d for 4 weeks. The results showed that there were no significant change in faslirg plasma glucose and HbA1 in both groups before and after treatment. The effects on lipicls and lipcproteins in gemfi-barozil and pantethine groups were as follows: TC decreased by 18.15% and 8.75% (P

Objective The experiment aims at probing the best condition of the isolation and purification of rat islets. Methods The islets were isolated from rat pancreas by hepatopancreatic duct perfusing with collagenase and purified with Ficoll 400 discontinuous density gradient centrifugation.Then the purified islets were subjected to histological staining,electron microscopy and radioimmunoassay for identification of specificity and viability. Results The histological staining revealed that the viability and the purity of the purified islets were above 95% and 85% respectively.Electron microscopy showed that the purified islets were morphologically intact with clear membrane and plenty of secreting granules.Radioimmunoassay demonstrated the secreted insulin concerntration between low-glucose groups and high-glucose groups varied significantly,which verified the good function of the islets.Conclusion Hepatopancreatic duct perfusing with collagenase is a good method for digestion.There are many factors that influence the quantity and quality of the acquired islets,such as the completed expansion of pancreas,the concentration and viability of collagenase and the digested time,etc.

In type 2 diabetes mellitus,the levels of leptin were higher in female and obese subjects compared with male and non-obese subjects.There was negative relationship in female between leptin and HbA_1c,and negative relationship between leptin and HDL-C in male.Gender and obesity had no effect on TNF-? and NP Y.

Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) is an acute skin inflammation,which belongs to heavy drug eruption.With the extensive and widespread use of antibiotics,nonsteroidal antipyretic analgesics and other pharmacotherapies in the treatment of critically ill patients,the trend of morbidity of TEN is gradually increased,especially in intensive care unit.In consideration of the high mortality rate of TEN and its great influence on the overall prognosis of patients with critical illness,we summarized the diagnosis and treatment experiences in the management of TEN based on retrospective analysis of one patient with severe acute pancreatitis and TEN.

Objective To investigate the effects of 25‐hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D] status on the pregnancy outcome in the second and third trimester pregnant women living .Methods A total of 143 pregnant women (12 -42 weeks gestational age) were participated in the study .Their serum 25(OH)D concentrations were detected by liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry method .Finally ,vitamin D status was assessed according to sufficiency group(n= 32) ,inadequacy group(n= 49) ,insufficiency group(n=51) and deficiency group(n=11) .Retrospective analysis were adopted to follow up the pregnancy outcome of pregnant women .Results (1)The average serum 25(OH)D level was(22 .49 ± 9 .51)ng/mL in the second and third trimester of pregnancy . (2)Abortion rate were 3 .1% (1/32) in sufficient group ,2 .0% (1/49)in inadequacy group ,11 .8% (6/51) in insufficiency group , 36 .4% (4/11) in deficiency group ,fetal distress incidence were 3 .1% (1/32) ,8 .2% (4/49) ,11 .8% (6/51) ,36 .4% (4/11) in each group .Abortion ,fetal distress rate were higher in deficiency group compared with the other three groups(P<0 .05) .(3)Bacterial vaginosis incidence were 0(0/32) ,4 .1% (2/49) ,13 .7% (7/51) ,27 .3% (3/11)in each group ,deficiency group and insufficiency group were higher(P<0 .05) .(4)Otherwise ,the gestation period were (39 .48 ± 1 .44) weeks in sufficient group ,(39 .00 ± 1 .70) weeks in inadequacy group ,(38 .09 ± 2 .01) weeks in insufficiency group ,(37 .29 ± 0 .49) weeks in deficiency group ,pregnancy cycle was significantly shorter when 25(OH)D<20 .00 ng/mL (P<0 .05) .Conclusion Vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women could increase the risk of abortion ,fetal distress ,bacterial vaginosis ,and significantly shorten the gestation period .

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