d infrastructure quality.Conclusions Raising responsiveness for special medical services will be conducive for improving the quality of non-medical services for these inpatients when they are in the hospital.

Objective To investigate the status of parenting stress in the primary care-givers of children diagnosed with autistic disorder and sum up the nursing strategies. Methods Seventy-eight primary care-givers of children diagnosed with autistic disorder were interviewed using the parenting stress index-short form (PSI-SF). Results The mean score of parenting stress was 104.08 ± 18.32, which was at a high level. The 3 subscales score from high to low:parenting anxiety(36.22 ± 8.46);disabled children (35.64 ± 6.41);parent-child interation disorder(32.01 ± 7.15). Conclusion Medical staff should pay more attertion to these care-givers in order to enhance their ability to cope with various problems in the parenting process and hence reduce the level of parenting pressure.

An analysis is made on major issues and difficulties in the application of the performance appraisal system structure,appraisal model and appraisal outcomes.It was discovered that the performance appraisal system,if used in clinical medical technology departments in the hospital,should focus on the system itself,the appraisal process and re-improvement of the system.These three factors are key to determining whether the system is effective and efficient,and key to transforming the system into departmental and hospital performance,even into overall enhancement of hospital performance in general.

Medical imaging is evolving from the traditional morphologic examination to a pattern that combines morphologic and functional examinations that can reflect physiochemical changes at cellular and molecular levels. Functional imaging techniques, including CT perfusion imaging, MR diffusion weighted imaging, MR perfusion imaging and MR spectroscopy, have been drawing increasingly more attention in pathological study of the livers, pancreas, kidneys, prostates and lymph nodes, and the prospect is promising. CT & MR functional imaging combined with morphologic examination is helpful for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of pathological lesions.

Objective To observe the effect of motor relearning program (MRP) on balance function of stroke patients.Methods Sixty stroke patients were randomly divided into the MRP group and control group with 30 cases in each group. The patients of the control group were trained with proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) therapy; those of the MRP group were trained with the MRP therapy. The balance function of all patients was assessed with the Fugl-Meyer Balance Function Assessment before and after training.Results After training, the scores of Fugl-Meyer Assessment of all patients increased ( P<0.05), but scores of the patients of the MRP group were significantly higher than that of the control group ( P<0.05).Conclusion The MRP training can improve the recovery of balance function of stroke patients.

Identification of seven species of Clematis L. (C. chrysocoma Fr.,C. amendii Fr.,C. fasciculiolia Fr.,C. ranunculoides Fr.,C. rubifolia C. H. Wright,C. florida Thunb. and C. brevicaudata DC. )was studied by RAPD analysis. Results showed that the differences of RAPD between different species were significant,but nonsignificant between same species obtained from different localities

Objective To study the changes of imaging features of rats with implanted liver cancer before and after electrochemotherapy (EChT).Methods Immediate cancerous ascites injection method was used to form rats liver cancer model. The imaging features of rats with implanted liver cancer, including tumor size, density, border, enhancement and singal were observed with CT and MRI respectively. Results The characteristic magings showed all these rats bearing single, round tumor in liver seven days later. Low density lesions were seen in pre contrast scans and tumor border intensification were seen on contrast scans. Low signal lesions were found in MRI T 1WI and high signal lesions were revealed on MRI T 2WI. Seven days after EchT, low density lesions were seen in pre contrast scan and non enhanced appearences were seen in contrast scan by CT. High signal and mixed signal lesion were seen in MRI T 1WI and relative low signal lesion were seen in MRI T 2WI.Conclusions Imaging features analysis is useful to assess the therapeutic effect on rats with implanted liver cancer before and after EChT.

Objective To compare the effects of electrochemotherapy (EChT) on implanted liver tumor cells apoptosis of rats.Methods Immediate cancerous ascitis injection method was used for the formation of rats liver tumor model and then followed by rats liver tumor treatment with EChT. Tumor size, necrosis and apoptosis indexes were observed after one week by imaging or pathologic method. The results were compared with those of control group. Results Before EChT, rats liver tumor volume appeared as (100?6)mm 3 and turned to be (125?10)mm 3 one week after EChT, which were significantly smaller than those of the control group [(190?11)mm 3], P

Objective To compare the therapeutic effects of electrochemotherapy (EChT) and radiofrequence ablation (RFA) on rats with implanted liver cancer.Methods Immediate cancerous ascites injection method was utilized for creation of rats liver cancer model and followed by treatment with EchT and RFA respectively. Tumor size, necrosis and apoptosis were observed one week later by imaging and pathology. The results were compared with those of control group. The survival times were observed also. Results Before treatment, all rats average liver tumor volume was (100?6)mm 3. One week after treatment, average tumor volumes in EChT group [(125?10)mm 3] and RFA group [(143?12)mm 3] were significantly smaller than those of control group [(190?11)mm 3], but tumor volume showed significant statistical difference between EChT group and RFA group. Necrosis, apoptosis and survival times in EChT group and RFA group were significantly higher than those of control group.Conclusions EChT or RFA could promote tumor necrosis, induce apoptosis, inhibit tumor growth and prolong the survival time of rats with implanted liver cancer.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in Beijing. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed at Beijing communities in men aged over 50 years. The International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) questionnaire was used to evaluate the symptoms. Transabdominal ultrasonography was used to measure prostate size and the residual urine volume(RUV). Uroflowmetry was performed to record the maximum flow(Q_(max)). One-way ANOVA was used to analysis the differences. Results 1644 subjects were enrolled and the mean age was 64. 5 years (range 50 - 93 years). The mean IPSS, prostate weight andQ_(max) were 9. 9±8. 2, (30. 8± 19.4) and (14. 7 ± 7. 5)ml/s, respectively. They had correlation with age (r=0. 388,0. 262, - 0.371). The prevalence of moderate-severe lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) was 50. 8% (835/1644). Prostate volume was greater than 20 ml in 69. 7%(1146/1644) of the subjects.Q_(max) was less than 15 ml/s in 53. 8% (883/1642) of the subjects. Conclusions In men age over 50 years in Beijing, there is positive correlation between LUTS, prostate size and age, and negative correlation between Q_(max) and age. The prevalence of BPH, defined as IPSS greater than 7, maxium flow rate less than 15 ml/s and prostate size greater than 20 ml, is 26. 8%(441/1644).