OBJECTIVEThe aim of this study is to establish a transgenic mouse model for cleft palate relevant gene thyroid transcription factor-2 (TTF-2), which can be used to study palatal shelf development when the expression pattern and regular activation of TTF-2 is altered.

METHODSThe C57BL/6J mouse TTF-2 gene was cloned through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from the mouse genomic DNA. The TTF-2 gene was inserted into the expression vector pBROAD3-mcs to construct the recombinant expression vector pBROAD3-TTF-2. This expression vector was then microinjected into the male pronuclei of the fertilized mouse ovum. Thus, the TTF-2 transgenic mice model was established. The genotype of the transgenic mice was identified by PCR and Southern blot analysis. Immunohistochemistry identified the consistent expression of TTF-2 gene during its palatal shelf development.

RESULTSTTF-2 genes were microinjected into 982 fertilized ova. A total of 580 two-cell-stage embryos cultured and transplanted into the oviducts of 48 pseudopregnant female mice. Overall, 68 embryos were obtained for analysis. The genotype of the mice was determined through PCR and Southern blot analysis using genomic DNA extracted from tail biopsies of the transgenic fetus. A total of 13 TTF-2 transgenic mice were detected. The expression of TTF-2 gene during the palatal shelf development of the transgenic mice was consistently detected by immunohistochemistry.

CONCLUSIONThe recombinant expression vector pBROAD3-TTF-2 was integrated into mouse genome through microinjection. The transgenic mouse in the palatal shelf that consistently expressed TTF-2 was successfully established and displayed a cleft palate phenotype.

Animals ; Cleft Palate ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Forkhead Transcription Factors ; Genotype ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Transgenic ; Thyroid Gland

Objective To investigate the level of professional commitment of nursing baccalaureate students,and explore the relationship between the professional commitment and communication ability.Methods Questionnaires were used to investigate 430 nursing baccalaureate students who were studying in the school.Results The professional commitment of nursing students was in the middle level.Correlation analysis revealed that the communication ability was correlated with the professional commitment.Conclusions We should take measures to improve the competency of professional commitment of nursing undergraduate students,strengthen their communication ability,promote the construction of nursing staff.

Objective To explore the relationship between high altitude de-adaptation syndrome and training burnout of plateau-garrisoned soldiers after returning to the plain.Methods A total of 140 plateau-garrisoned soldiers who had returned to the plain were chosen by random cluster sampling and measured with the Training Burnout Test.They were divided into two groups according to the occurrence of acute mountain sickness.We compared the differences in training burnout between the two groups and analyzed the relationship between acute mountain sickness and training burnout. Results ①The incidence of high altitude de-adaptation syndrome of plateau-garrisoned soldiers was 80.00% after returning to the plain.There was statistically significant difference between plateau soldiers after returning to the plain,the plateau stability-keeping forces that returned to the plain (78.36%) (χ2 =0.188, P=0.664) and plateau migrants who returned to the plain (75.10%) (χ2 =1.279, P=0.258).Main symptoms of high altitude de-adaptation were fatigue (12.86%), dizziness (11.43%) and meakness (10.00%).②Compared with soldiers who had no high altitude de-adaptation syndrome, victims of de-adaptation syndrome had higher scores of training burnout, physical and psychological exhaustion and training-alienation (P<0.01).Compared with soldiers who had normal body mass indexes, those who were overweight had higher incidence of altitude de-adaptation (P<0.05).③The regression equation between plateau de-adaptation syndrome and training burnout of plateau soldiers after returning to the plain (P<0.01) is:Training burnout =0.498 ×plateau de-adaptation syndrome -0.126 ×age+0.038 ×length of military service +0.069 ×educational degree+0.029 ×body mass index.Conclusion There exist correlations between high altitude de-adaptation syndrome and training burnout of plateau soldiers after returning to the plain.Reducing the occurrence of high altitude de-adaptation syndrome can help reduce the degree of training burnout.

Objective To investigate the manifestations of cardiac involvement in the patients with mucopolysacharidosis Ⅰ (MPS Ⅰ).Methods The clinical data of 10 MPS Ⅰ patients were collected.Electrocardiography (ECG) and echocardiography (Echo) were performed in all patients and then analyzed.Results Among the ten patients,seven were men.The onset age of MPS was (0.5 ～ 8.0) years old and the age of diagnosis was (1.8 ～ 20.0) years old.Two patients had grade 2 precordial systolic murmur.ECG was abnormal in three patients with right ventricular hypertrophy in two and right axis deviation in another one.Echo showed valvular thickening and insufficiency in nine patients,enlarged left atrium and ventricle in one patient,hapulmonary hypertension and right ventricular hypertrophy in two patients and abnormal left ventricular configuration in five patients.Conclusions Cardiac involvement is common in MPS Ⅰ patients and may present as valvular thickening with regurgitation,abnormal left ventricular configuration and pulmonary hypertension.The cardiac involvement progresses with age.ECG and Echo should be done regularly during follow-up of MPS Ⅰ patients.

Given the vital role of vasculature in solid tumors, the potential of vascular disrupting therapy in the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is promising. In this study, we prepared the acid-sensitive liposome PPD/CA4P/Lip-Rap loaded with the vascular disrupting agent CA4P and the anti-angiogenic drug rapamycin (Rap) to explore the potential of the vascular disrupting strategy in TNBC. PPD/CA4P/Lip-Rap was characterized by ¹H NMR, dynamic light scattering, and transmission electron microscopy. Its drug loading and acid sensitivity were determined. The particle size of PPD/CA4P/Lip-Rap is 161.53 ± 1.89 nm, the zeta potential is -20.03 ± 0.9 mV and it demonstrated good drug release on acidic sensitivity responses. CCK-8 experiments proved that Rap can enhance the ability of CA4P to destroy tumor vascular endothelial cells. Rap can kill marginal residual tumor cells, suppress tumor recurrence. Nanocarriers can further enhance the therapeutic effect. Western blot (WB) showed that Rap decreased the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) via the mTOR/p70S6K and mTOR/4E-BP1 pathways. Thus, tumor hypoxia activation and angiogenesis were inhibited. PPD/CA4P/Lip-Rap can effectively destroy tumor vessels, inhibit tumor angiogenesis and recurrence, and provide a new strategy for the treatment of TNBC by targeting disruption of tumor vessels.

Commercial production of bioethanol from lignocellulosic hydrolysates requires efficient fermenting strains. The abilities of the strain to converting all types of sugars in the hydrolysate to ethanol in high yield and to effectively tolerating/metabolizing inhibitors are necessary. Genome shuffling is a novel method for breeding, and it has been applied in pharmaceutical and food industry. This review summarized the technique of genome shuffling including principle, process, applications and its prospect for strains improvement in ethanol production from lignocellulosic hydrolysates.

AIM: To discuss the clinical applications of methods to localize nasal cut ends and the effects of Z-plasty in the surgeries for lower eyelid longitudinal laceration combined with lower lacrimal canaliculi disruption.
METHODS: From September, 2010 to October, 2013, a total of 37 patients ( 37 eyes ) with lower eyelid longitudinal laceration combined with lower lacrimal canaliculi disruption were operated for anastomosis of lacrimal canaliculi disruption and suture of lower eyelid longitudinal. Different methods to search for the nasal cut ends of lacerated lacrimal canaliculi, such as “under a microscope directly”, “guided by probing needle” and“pigtail curved probe”. Then, to repair lower eyelid longitudinal laceration with Z-plasty transposition flaps. Follow up was 3mo~2a after operation.
RESULTS: All nasal cut ends could be found successfully on 37 patients;Lacrimal duct unobstructed in 31 patients (83. 8%), improved in 5 patients (13. 5%), invalid in 1 patient (2. 7%),the overall successful rate was 97. 3%; the eyelids repair was satisfactory, small scars, the appearance and function was normal.
CONCLUSION: The nasal cut ends can be found successfully by “directly under a microscope”, “guided by probing needle” and“pigtail curved probe”;the effect of silicone drainage tube used as lacrimal canaliculi bracket is satisfactory; most patients gained excellent recovery for both appearance and function after Z-plasty.

In order to explore the dormancy physiological and biochemical mechanism of Paris seeds, the seed embryo growth courses, and the dynamic change of 5 enzymes, include SOD, POD, CAT, MDH, G-6-PDH were measured during variable temperature stratification. The results indicated that Paris seeds embryo grew quickly after 40 d in warm-stratification (18 ± 1) °C, at the meantime the metabolic activity was significantly strengthened. These facts showed that Paris seeds turned into physiological after-ripening process. After 60-80 d, the morphological embryo after-ripping process basically completed, and the following cold-stratification (4 ± 1) °C furthered Paris seed to finish physiological after-ripening. After 40 d, the activity of MDH decreased while G-6-PDH increased significantly. This showed that the main respiratory pathway of seed changed from TCA to PPP, which benifited breaking seed dormancy. In the whole period of stratification process, the activity variation of SOD and CAT was insignificantly and the activity of POD was enhanced significantly after shifting the seed in cold stratification process. This showed that SOD, CAT had no direct effects on breaking Paris seed dormancy but keeping the seed vigor, while the POD might involve in the process of Paris seed dormancy breaking.
Germination ; Liliaceae ; chemistry ; embryology ; enzymology ; Plant Proteins ; metabolism ; Seeds ; chemistry ; enzymology ; growth & development ; Temperature

Objective To assess the prevalence of metabolic syndrome(MS)and its association with mortality of cerebro-cardiovascular diseases in senile population.Methods Data were collected from 1926 people aged 60 and over,who took part in routine health examination in our hospital from 1996 to 1997.All subjects were followed up for 10 years.MS was diagnosed by using the definition recommended by Chinese Diabetic Society in 2004.Cox-proportional hazards models were used in survival analyses and to calculate the relative risk(RR)of cerebro-cardiovascular diseases mortality.Results The prevalence of MS was 25.03%(n=482,Group 2)in this population.The 10 year mortality of cerebro-cardiovascular diseases was significantly higher(6.82/1000-person year vs.2.55/1000-person year,P＜0.05)and the cumulative survival rate was significantly lower(92.46%vs.97.14%,P＜0.05)in group 2 compared that in group 1(non-MS,n=1444).Compared with group 1,RR of cerebro-cardiovascular diseases mortality Was 2.52(95%CI1.367-4.661,P＜0.05)ingroup 2.Conclusion There was a high prevalence of MS in the senile population and MS Was associated with higher 10 years mortality of cerebro-cardiovascular diseases.

The origin and development of round magnetic needle was explored, and the structure of round magnetic needle was introduced in detail, including the handle, the body and the tip of the needle. The clinical opera tion of round magnetic needle were standardized from the aspects of the methods of holding needle, manipulation skill, tapping position, strength of manipulation, application scope and matters needing attention, which laid foundation for the popularization and application of round magnetic needle.
Acupuncture Therapy ; history ; instrumentation ; methods ; standards ; China ; History, Ancient ; Humans ; Medicine in Literature ; Needles ; history ; standards