Type 2 diabetic patients are usually accompanied by dyslipidemia.The cardiovascular residual risk is still high in these patients,even with glycemia,blood pressure,and plasma lipids well controlled.In this review,the relationship of plasma lipids and changes in lipoprotein particles with cardiovascular risk is discussed.

PTEN gene is considered to be the first discovered tumor suppressor gene with dual specificity phosphatase activity.The research has shown that the increasing popularity of PTEN rests on its important roles in cancer cell growth,differentiation,signaling transduction and cell apoptosis.Besides,the mutation of PTEN is related to cancer initiation and progression.The recent advances on PTEN gene in malignant tumors will be reviewed in this paper.

Objective:To study the variation of X chromosome centromeric Alpha Satellite DNA in Klinefelter's syndrome patients,their parents and normal individuals and to discuss the mechanism of Klinefelter's syndrome X chromosome nondisjunction.Methods:The multi-copies of a 2Kb tandem repeat unit on X chromosome of centromeric Alpha Satellite DNA were simultaneously amplified with reasonable primers by (representative sampling of multiple repetitive units,rep)PCR,and the mechanism of X chromosome aneuploidy resulted by abnormal structure of centromere was investigated.Results:1774bp,570bp and 1410bp,583bp,220 bp (three short fragments are resulted by deletion in alpha satellite DNA) were detected in Klinefelter's syndrome patients,their parents and normal karyotype controls.There were 1774bp and 1410bp DNA fragments in all of samples.The relative frequencies of 570bp and 583 bp were significantly higher in Klinefelter's syndrome patients than in normal karyotype controls,the 220bp was not found significantly different in the three groups.Conclusion:Deletion in the region of Alpha Satellite DNA is present at centromeres of all human X chromosome,while Klinefelter's syndrome patients and their parents show higher frequency than normal individuals.These results imply that analysis of deletion on X-specific ?satellite of the parents during the pre-pregnancy and pregnancy plays a important role either in estimating the risk of repruducing Klinefelter's syndrome or in providing the guideline for prenatal chromosome diagnosis of villus and amniotic fluid.

Objective To explore relationship between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) performance and lipid levels in pa-tients with lacunar infarction (LI) .Methods 68 patients with LI were retrospectively analyzed ,62 cases patients without heart ce-rebrovascular disease in the same period were choosen as control group ,the multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between MRI performance ,the changed level of lipid .Results A total of 299 lacunar lesions were detected by MRI ,in which there were 58(19 .40% )in the left cerebral hemisphere ,26(8 .70% ) in the right hemisphere ,73(24 .41% ) in the bilateral basal ganglia ,27 (9 .03% ) in thalamus ,54 (18 .06% ) in the lateral ventricles corona radiata ,39 (13 .04% ) in brainstem ,and 22 (7 .36% ) in cerebellum .TC ,TG ,LDL-C and Ox-LDL levels in LI patients were significantly higher than the controls (P<0 .05) , while HDL-C levels were significantly lower than the controls (P<0 .05) .Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that relative risk of TC ,TG ,LDL-C ,HDL-C and Ox-LDL to LI were 1 .56 ,1 .27 ,1 .39 ,1 .46 and 1 .44 .Conclusion The MRI manifestations and lipid levels of LI have a certain degree of correlation ,and elevated blood lipid levels may be important risk factors for LI .

The roots ofApium graveolens L. have been widely used in Uighur Medicine. Research has shown that roots ofApium graveolens L. has good clinical efficacy in the aspects of liver protection and lipid decreasing, hyperlipidemia treatment and so on. This article reviewed research on the chemical components, extraction process, and pharmacological action of roots ofApium graveolens L. so far, with purposes to better develop and utilize roots of Apium graveolens L., and provide references for follow-up study.

In order to improve the scientificity and rationality of materiel management,we developed the materiel management system and realized the computerizing of material management. This system can solve all problems in material computerizing which occur during the process from the material application to its abandonment. Aiming at solving disadvantages in human management,the utilization of this system will greatly reduce the staff's work load,enhance the working efficiency and make the material management standardized.

Through the network medical teaching and guidance system,the live video of clinical medicine activity can be multicast by MPEG2 code and MPEG4 code simultaneously on the LAN or WAN.It may meet the request of different network bandwidth,realize the bidirectional audio or video frequency at the same time,and satisfy the clinical teaching or guidance need.The client port can be deployed in the random terminal on LAN or WAN,while the user with the authorization can see the high clear surgery image in real time at any place,make communication through the bidirectional audio and video system,and even remotely control the camera's lens angle and focus for perfect video effect.

Fast-track surgery is the basis for the use of new medical evidence to optimize the management of perioperative patients.The surgeon forms a set of perioperative treatments by integrating and applying these new evidences to reduce the physical and psychological stress response of patients,and to speed up the rehabilitation of patients.Fast-track Surgery has been used in the treatment of a variety of diseases,including cardiac surgery,total knee replacement,and colorectal surgery.Gastric cancer was the fourth in the most common cancer sorts and the second in death rate in the world.Surgery is a milestone in the treatment of gastric cancer,and is the only effective means to cure.Fast-track surgeryy in the treatment of gastric cancer is still constantly improving.This article reviews the application of fast-track surgery in gastric cancer surgery.

Objective To explore the preliminary practice of Clinical Scenario Mode in the teaching of surgery. Methods Clinical Scenario Mode was stimulated or rebuilt by the cooperation of teachers and Standardized Patients (SP) to introduce relative theories and raise discussions in the surgery lectures of five-year clinical medicine students in grade 2004 and grade 2005. Results Lectures with the application of Clinical Scenario Mode were reported positively by students from the survey. It improved students’learning motivation,enhanced teaching quality,and optimized the allocation of resources. Discussion With the combination of the advantages of lecture based learning (LBL) and problem based learning (PBL),Clinical Scenario Mode can be considered as the linkage to the widespread use of PBL,and should be widely applied in the medical teaching practice.

Background Retinal transplantation is a new approach to the treatment of retinal degeneration diseases,and how to avoid or reduce the immune rejection after transplantation is a problem.In experimental studies on retinal transplantation,C57BL/6 mice are often used as donors and rd mice serve as recipients.Studies showed that Fas ligand (FasL) protein induces the apoptosis of Fas+ inflammatory cells by FasL/Fas signal pathway,speculating that FasL protein is associated with immune rejection after transplantation.Objective The aim of this study was to investigate FasL protein expression change in retinas of C57BL/6 mice and rd mice with aging and reveal the immune characteristics of the mouse retinas.Methods The frozen sections of eyeball from C57BL/6 mice and rd mice at the age of postnatal (PN)-0 week,PN-1 week,PN-2 week,PN-3 week and PN-4 week were prepared.The expression of FasL protein in the mouse retinas was examined by immnofluorescense technique.Images were acquired by fluorescence microscope and analyzed semi-quantitively by software from laser scanning confocal microscope as the fluorescence intensity (FI).The results were compared among different strains of mice.Results The retina developed imperfectly in PN-1 week C57BL/6 mice and FasL protein was positively expressed in the whole retina.In PN-2,3 and 4 week C57BL/6 mice,retinas finished the development with 10 layers,and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE),inner segment (IS),outer limiting membrane (OLM),outer plexiform layer (OPL),inner nuclear layer (INL),inner plexiform layer (IPL) and ganglion cell layer (GCL).Retinal structure and expression of FasL protein in the whole retina of rd mice in the PN-1 week were similar with C57BL/6 mice,however,ONL cells of rd mice were evidently decreased with aging.The RPE,OPL,INL,IPL and GCL expressed the FasL protein in PN-2,PN-3 and PN-4 week rd mice.The mean FI of FasL protein in the RPE layer was 184.199±16.747,186.797±7.904 and 184.319± 18.795 in rd mice of PN-2 week,PN-3 week and PN-4 week,which were significantly higher than 160.402±22.851,160.995 ±22.799 and 105.787 ± 17.676 in C57BL/6 mice (t =-3.360,P =0.002;t'=-4.277,P =0.000;t =-12.175,P=0.000).There were not significant differences in the mean FI of FasL protein in IPL between C57BL/6 mice and rd mice at ages of PN-2 week,PN-3 week and PN-4 week (all at P＞0.05).Conclusions The cells of retinal ONL are gradually decreased with the development of rd mice,and FasL protein expression intensity in RPE is evidently enhanced in rd mice compared with C57BL/6 mice.