Objective To investigate the correlation between vertebral diffusion weigllted imaging (DWI)and dual X-ray absorptiometry(DXA),quantitative computed tomography(QCT)for the evaluation of bone mineral density(BMD).Methods A total of 152 female volunteers[aged from 30 to 80 years,mean age(58.2±14.2)years 1 were recruited in this study.All subjects underwent lateral thoracicolumbar radiographs,dual X-ray absorptiometry(DXA)and quantitative computed tomography(QCT),as well as DWI examination.Lateral spine radiographs(T4-L4)were evaluated with Genant's semiquantitative assessment.BMD was obtained by both DXA and QCT at lumbar spine(L2-L4).Axial vertebral(L2-4)DWI was performed with single shot spin-echo echo-planar imaging(SS-SE-EPI)sequenee (b value=500 s/mm2)after routine MRI examination(saginal T2 WI,T1 WI and axial T2 WI).Apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC)was measured with GE-Functool DWI software.Pearson correlation analysis was used for the statistics.Results There was a decreasing tendency in ADC value with age.A positive correlation was found between ADC(0.241×10-3 mm2/s)and BMD results measured by both DXA (1.038 S/cm3)and QCT(104.2 mg/cm3)examinations(r=0.461,0.731,respectively,P＜0.01).Conclusion DWI is an useful tool for noninvasive evaluation of the pathophysiologic changes of bone marrow in volunteers with difierent bone mineral density.

Objective To determine the efficacy of liver cancer resection combined with splenectomy for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma with hypersplenism.Methods Among 35 patients with hepatocellular cancer and hypersplenism treated from March 2004 to January 2006 at our hospital,12 patients accepted simultaneous liver cancer resection and splenectomy (the splenectomy group)and 23 only accepted liver cancer resection (the non-splenectomy group).The liver function,platelets and white blood cells were analyzed retrospectively.Results All the operations were successfully carried out.Within 1 week after operation,the white blood cell count increased from (3.2 ± 1.7) × 109/L to (8.5±-5.3) × 109/L,the platelet count increased from (52.6±23.7) × 109/L to (245.3±94.6) ×109/L(P＜0.01) in the group of patients with combined splenectomy,while little change occurred in the non-splenectomy group.The liver function in the splenectomy group recovered to the preoperational value within 1 week.Two years after operation,7 (58.3％) patients were still surviving in the splenectomy group and the mean tumor-free survival was (16.4 ± 4.3) months compared with (14.3 ±5.2) months in 10 (43.5％) patients in the non-splenectomy group,(P＜0.005).Conclusion Liver cancer resection combined with splenectomy was efficacious to hepatocellular cancer with hypersplenism.

Objective The present study was designed to investigate changes in serum or plasma concentrations of nitric oxide and its derivatives in diabetic patients.Methods Serum nitrate concentration of 84 diabetic patients was measured by using an enzyme kinetic method,and the plasma S-nitrosothiols concentration of 10 cases was measured by using HPLC technique.Results Serum nitrate concentration and plasma S-nitrosothiols concentration in the diabetics were significantly higher than in control group (P＜0.01 andP＜0.05,respectively).The serum nitrate concentration in diabetics also had a significant positive correlation with the serum glucose concentration (R=0.7256,P＜0.05),but this correlation was not found in control group.Conclusion These data showed that NO and its derivatives are overproduced in the diabetic patients.(J Geriatr Cardiol 2008;5:25-27)

Objective To investigate the expression of heat shock protein-70(HSP70)in acute lung injury induced by paraquat poisoning.Methods A total of 72 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups(n=24 each group)and intraperitoneally injected with normal saline in group A,20 mg/kg paraquat in group B,and 40 mg/kg paraquat in group C.The lungs of rats were excised 1,3,6,12,and 24 hours after the injection,respectively.The expression of HSP70 in the lung tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot.Results Paraquat induced acute lung injury in groups B and C.In group B,the expression of HSP70 increased at 2 hours,reached the peak at 6 hours,decreased at 12 hours,and returned to the baseline level at 24 hours.In group C,the expression of HSP70 increased at 1 hour,reached the peak at 3 hours,and returned to the baseline level at 24 hours.Conclusion Paraquat-induced acute lung injury may contribute to the enhanced expression of HSP70 in the bronchus,bronchiole,and alveolar epithelial cells,which indicates that HSP70 has a protective effect on lung injury.

Objective To explore the clinical regularity of drugs on epidemic encephalitis B with text mining technique. Methods The data set on epidemic encephalitis B was downloaded from CBM database. The regularities of Chinese herbal medicine, Chinese patent medicine (CPM), western medicine and the combination of CPM and western medicine on epidemic encephalitis B were mined by data slicing algorithm. The results are showed visually with Cytoscape 2.8 software. Results The main function of herbal pieces was focused on clearing heat and removing toxicity. The herbal pieces such as Rehmanniae Radix Isatidis Raxis, Isatids Folium, Paeoniae Radis rubra and Scutellariae Radix were most often used. Angong Niuhuang Wan and Qingkailing Injection were usually used as CPM. For western medicine, antiviral drugs such as interferon and ribavirin were often used, and they were often used together with brain cells nutrition medicine, hormone, immunopotentiator and so on, and they were also frequently used together with CPM such as Angong Niuhuang Wan and Qingkailing Injection. Conclusion Text mining approach provides an important method in exploring the medication regularity for diseas, and provide refenrence for clinical use.

Objective． Bone mineral density（BMD） was measured in normal Chinese women with single X-ray absorptiometry （SXA） and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry （DEXA）． These two methods were compared to evaluate the sensitivity in reflecting bone loss．Methods． Measurements were performed in 300 women aged 20～79（5 for each age）． The 8mm distal，1／4 distal， ultra distal site of the nondominant forearm were measured with SXA； the AP spine（L2-4）， right femoral neck（Neck）， Ward's triangle（Ward）and trochantor （Troch） were measured with DEXA． Ten women had 5 repeated measurements to evaluate the reproducibility of the equipments．Results． The BMD peak for Neck and Ward was found between age 20～29， for ultra distal and L2-4 at age 30～39， for 8mm distal， 1／4 distal and Troch at age 40～49． After reaching the peak values， BMD at all sites decreased with increasing age． The highest rate of yearly loss of BMD was at 8mm distal． Results of measurement showed significant correlation between SXA and DEXA． Comparing with premenopausal women， the bone loss rate in postmenopausal women was faster and highest up to 11～15 years and the highest rate was at the Ward．Conclusion． The present study gives the normal values of BMD at seven sites for normal Chinese women． The ages of BMD peak were different at seven sites． The yearly loss of BMD was highest at 8mm distal， it seemed to be the sensitive region for bone loss with age． The postmenopausal women had highly significantly loss bone mass than the premenopausal women． Comparing with premenopause， postmenopause BMD for Ward's triangle with DEXA seemed to be most sensitive to the effect of menopause．

OBJECTIVETo study the whole body bone mineral changes in normal subjects.

METHODSBone mineral was measured by dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in 292 normal subjects aged 10-79 years, including 152 females and 140 males. They were divided into age-groups by decade.

RESULTSIn males, the ages with peak value of total bone mineral content (TBMC), total bone mineral density (TBMD), anteroposterior spine BMD (L2-4 BMD) were in the 30-39, 20-39, 20-29 age-groups respectively. In females, they were all in the 30-39 age-group. Peak values of TBMC, TBMD, L2-4 BMD were higher in males than those in females. Loss of bone mineral for females was more pronounced than that for males. Loss of L2-4 BMD was more pronounced than TBMD.

CONCLUSIONThis study provides the normal bone mineral data of whole body for males and females, and the characteristic of changes.

Absorptiometry, Photon ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Bone Density ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Reference Values ; Sex Factors

Objective:To translate the Intermittent Catheterization Difficulty Questionnaire (ICDQ) into Chinese, and to test its reliability and validity in neurogenic bladder patients.Methods:After translation, back-translation, cross-cultural debugging, expert consultation and pre-investigation, a Chinese version of ICDQ was formed. A total of 248 patients with neurogenic bladder clean intermittent self-catheterization who were treated and followed up in the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University in October 2022 were selected as research objects by the convenient sampling method, and the Chinese version of ICDQ was used for investigation. The critical ratio method was used for project analysis. Content validity and structure validity were used to test the validity of the questionnaire. Cronbach's α coefficient, split half reliability coefficient and retest reliability coefficient were used to test the reliability of the questionnaire. A total of 248 questionnaires were sent out in this study, and 238 were effectively collected, with a recovery rate of 95.97% (238/248) .Results:The Cronbach's α coefficient of the Chinese version of ICDQ was 0.857, the split half coefficient was 0.711, and the retest reliability coefficient was 0.954. The content validity index of the Chinese version of ICDQ item level was 0.860 to 1.000, and the content validity index of the scale level was 0.930. Seven common factors were extracted by exploratory factor analysis, and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 77.38%. The results of confirmatory factor analysis showed RMSEA < 0.080, GFI, AGFI, TLI, CFI > 0.800. Conclusions:Through confirmatory factor analysis, the Chinese version of ICDQ shows that the model fitting indicators of the scale meet the corresponding requirements, indicating that the scale has high structural validity and overall model fitting. It can be used as an evaluation tool for intermittent self catheterization difficulties in patients with neurogenic bladder.

OBJECTIVETo assess the value of detecting the compositional features of carotid atherosclerotic plaques by 3.0T high resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).

METHODSConsecutive 104 patients with coronary atherosclerosis confirmed by coronary angiography were prospectively recruited from January 2013 to January 2015 in Tiantan hospital. All patients were imaged with 3.0T high resolution MRI system. After exclusion patients with poor image quality, 97 patients were divided into 3 groups according to the degree of coronary artery stenosis: coronary atherosclerosis group (coronary stenosis between 1%-49%, n=16); single-vessel lesion group (single vessel lesion with stenosis between 50%-100%, n=48); multi-vessel lesion group (two or three vessel lesions with stenosis between 50%-100% or left main stem disease, n=33). The prevalence of total carotid plaque, calcified plaque, lipid-rich necrotic core, intra-plaque hemorrhage, plaque ulcer and rupture were compared among 3 groups.

RESULTSThe prevalence of total carotid plaque (81.3%(13/16), 72.9%(35/48), and 93.9%(31/33)) and calcified plaque (50.0%(8/16), 35.4%(17/48), and 42.4%(14/33)) were similar among the 3 groups (both P>0.05). The prevalence of carotid lipid-rich necrotic core in coronary atherosclerosis group was significantly lower than in single-vessel lesion group (18.8%(3/16) vs. 64.6%(31/48), P<0.01) and multi-vessel lesion group(18.8%(3/16) vs. 69.7%(23/33), P<0.01), but there was no significant difference between single-vessel lesion group and multi-vessel lesion group(P>0.05). Intra-plaque hemorrhage was detected in 2 patients of multi-vessel lesion group. There was no plaque ulcer or rupture in this cohort.

CONCLUSIONCarotid plaque features are associated with the severity of coronary atherosclerosis in CAD patients.

Coronary Artery Disease ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Necrosis ; Plaque, Atherosclerotic ; Prevalence ; Prospective Studies

Objective To investigate the effect of different radiation doses on the accuracy of iodine quantification and CT value of virtual monochromatic image with a muti-spectral CT iodine phantom using second-generation dual-layer detector spectral CT(DLCT).Methods The second-generation DLCT scan abdominal phantom was used,which consisted of six different concentrations of iodine rods at 4,8 and 12 g/L.The scan parameters were set at 100,120 and 140 kVp tube voltages,and six radiation exposure sequences were scanned at each tube voltage:5,10,15,20,25 and 30 mGy.Measure the iodine concentration value and the CT value at the single level of 50,70 and 100 keV,and calculate the absolute error value of iodine concentration and CT value under different radiation exposure.SPSS 22.0 software single factor analysis of variance was used to compare the difference between the io-dine concentration and the absolute error of CT value under different Radiation exposure,and LSD method was used to compare the two groups.Results The absolute error of CT value of 4 g/L iodine rod with 10～30 mGy scanning at 100 keV energy level was significantly higher than that of 12 g/L and 8 g/L(P＜0.05),and the absolute error of iodine concentration measurement of other iodine rods with different concentrations at different Radiation exposure had no statistical difference.Conclusions The second-generation double-layer detector spectral CT has high meas-urement stability for iodine concentration quantification and CT value accuracy under conditions of radiation dose greater than 5 mGy.