Objective To discuss the influence of preoperative visiting by special visiting nurses before operation on relieving mental tension of patients. Methods 80 patients were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group with 40 patients in each group.All patients were prepared in the same way except that patients in the experimental group were visited by the operation room nurses before the operation.The differences in heart rate and blood pressure were compared between the two groups as the criteria for judging mental tension of the patients. Results Blood pressure and heart rate of patients in the experimental group did not fluctuate as much as the patients in the control group. Conclusions Visiting patients before the operation can stabilize patients' emotion and reduce their stress reaction and mental tension so as to help them get through the perioperative period more smoothly.

Objective:To explore the related risk factors of aortic arch calcification (AoAC) and the relationship between AoAC and long-term outcome in maintenance hemodialysis patients.Methods:The patients who underwent hemodialysis in the Blood Purification Center of Beijing Shijitan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from March to June 2015 were recruited. Calcification of the aortic arch was estimated with plain chest radiology. The patients were divided into AoAC group and no-AoAC group. Multivariate binary logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of AoAC. Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression model were used to examine the association between AoAC and adverse prognostic events (all-cause death and cardiovascular events).Results:There were 157 hemodialysis patients included in this study, with age of (62.63±15.05) years (30-90 years old) and 85 males (54.14%). The median follow-up time was 54(20, 54) months. There were 99 cases (63.06%) in AoAC group and 58 cases (36.94%) in no-AoAC group. The age, proportion of diabetes history, serum corrected calcium and triglyceride levels in AoAC group were higher than those in no-AoAC group (all P<0.05), while the proportion of using active vitamin D, serum albumin and intact parathyroid hormone level were lower than those in no-AoAC group (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that older age ( OR=1.109, 95% CI 1.067-1.152, P<0.001), diabetes ( OR=4.110, 95% CI 1.551-10.890, P=0.004), longer dialysis duration ( OR=1.026, 95% CI 1.010-1.043, P=0.001), higher systolic pressure ( OR=1.039, 95% CI 1.012-1.067, P=0.005) and higher triglycerides levels ( OR=1.932, 95% CI 1.148-3.125, P=0.013) were the independent risk factors of AoAC, and higher hemoglobin was a protective factor ( OR=0.967, 95% CI 0.938-0.998, P=0.035) of AoAC. Sixty-three cases (63.64%) died, and 78 cases (78.79%) had cardiovascular events in AoAC group. Fourteen cases (24.14%) died, and 12 cases (20.69%) had cardiovascular events in no-AoAC group. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed higher incidence rate of all-cause death (Log-rank χ2=22.499, P<0.001) and cardiovascular events (Log-rank χ2=50.797, P<0.001) in patients with AoAC. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed AoAC was the independent risk factor of all-cause death ( HR=2.003, 95% CI 1.039-3.859, P=0.038) and cardiovascular events ( HR=5.642, 95% CI 3.003-10.600, P<0.001). Conclusions:Older age, diabetes mellitus, longer dialysis duration, hypertension, higher triglyceride levels and lower hemoglobin are significantly associated with AoAC. AoAC is the independent risk factor of all-cause death and cardiovascular events in maintenance hemodialysis patients.

Objective To analyze the clinical features and risk factors for an emerging infection during the first induction chemotherapy in elderly patients with acute leukemia.Methods A retrospective analysis of clinical data of 79 elderly patients with newly diagnosed acute leukemia was performed in Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from January 2014 to May 2016.Results The 70 cases among 79 elderly patients with acute leukemia were suffered from infection with infection incidence rate of 88.6％ (70/79)during first induction chemotherapy.The infection-related fatality rate was 8.6 ％ (6/70).Being clear about sites of infection accounted for 90.0 ％ (63/70),and the top three infection sites were the lungs,gastrointestinal tract and the bloodstream.113 pathogenic strains were detected,including gram-negative bacilli accounting for 42.5 ％ (48/113),Gram-positive cocci for 30.1％ (34/113),fungi for 24.8％ (28/113),the virus for 2.7％ (3/113).Based on clinically and confirmatively diagnosis,the invasive fungal diseases mostly as Candida accounted for 30.4 ％ (24/79),mixed infections accounted for 34.3％ (24/70).Univariate analysis showed agranulocytosis and AML were risk factors for infection.Logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that agranulocytosis was a risk factor for infection (OR=12.010,95％CI:2.346-107.973,P=0.000).The infection does not affect a complete remission rate of acute leukemia (x2 =0.001,P=0.983).Conclusions For newly diagnosed elderly acute leukemia patients,an emerging infection during the first induction chemotherapy is characterized by a high incidence,high fungal infection rate,most common site in lung,Gram-negative bacteria as most common pathogen,and an increased infection rate by agranulocytosis.The infection does not affect the remission rate of acute leukemia.

Objective:To investigate the correlation between cognitive function and addiction, impulsivity, and anhedonia in adolescent depressive disorder patients with self-injury behavior.Methods:From September 2021 to October 2022, adolescents with depressive disorders who visited the outpatient department of the Qingdao Mental Health Center were enrolled and divided into self-injury group and non self-injury group based on the presence or absence of self-injury behaviors, each with 60 participants.A self-compiled general information questionnaire, the 17 items Hamilton depression rating scale (HAMD-17), the Ottawa self-injury inventory (OSI), the Chinese version of the Barratt impulsiveness scale (BIS-11), and the temporal experience of pleasure scale(TEPS) were used to evaluate both groups.The Chinese brief cognitive test(C-BCT) was used to assess cognitive function in both groups.SPSS 26.0 software was used for statistical analysis, including t-test, χ2 test, Pearson correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression analysis. Results:The self-injury group had higher scores for OSI addiction factors (9.43±8.29) and BIS-11 (67.09±11.48) compared to the non self-injury group (OSI addiction factor scores: 0, BIS-11 scores: 53.70±7.12, t=6.22, 5.91, both P<0.05). TEPS score and C-BCT scores in various dimensions were lower in the self-injury group than those in the non self-injury group ( t=-2.93, -2.01, -2.88, -2.20, -5.35, all P<0.05). Information processing speed was negatively correlated with BIS-11 score ( r=-0.296, P<0.05), and attention score were negatively correlated with OSI addiction factor score and BIS-11 score ( r=-0.303, -0.561, both P<0.05) and positively correlated with TEPS score ( r=0.364, P<0.05), including a positive correlation with the scale of anticipatory anhedonia score ( r=0.318, P<0.05). Working memory score was negatively correlated with OSI addiction factor score and BIS-11 score ( r=-0.312, -0.416, both P<0.05). Comprehensive ability and executive function scores were negatively correlated with OSI addiction factor score and BIS-11 score ( r=-0.308, -0.679, both P<0.05), and positively correlated with TEPS score ( r=0.304, P<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that BIS-11 scores were influencing factors of C-BCT dimensions ( β=-0.260, -0.592, -0.557, -1.797, t=-2.150, -3.314, -2.285, -5.165, all P<0.05). Conclusion:In adolescent depressive patients with self-injury, cognitive function is correlated with addiction, impulsivity and anhedonia, among which impulsivity is a risk factor for cognitive function.

Objective To estimate the incidence of drop out of treatment in patients with access to methadone maintenance treatment and explore the correlation and interaction between insufficient methadone dosage and morphine positive urine on the drop out in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.Methods Face to face interview was conducted in 1 031 patients at 3 methadone maintenance treatment clinics in Guangxi.Results The study included 1 031 participants,40.6％ of them (419/1 031) had stopped treatment.The drop out rates in urine morphine positive group and methadone dosage ＜ 100 mg/d group were 57.6％ (99/172) and 37.4％ (347/929) respectively,higher than those in urine morphine negative group and methadone dosage ≥ 100 mg/d group (42.3％,363/ 859,and 26.5％,27/102).Orderly logistic regression analysis results showed that after adjusted factors,such as gender,age,marital status,ethnic group,patients who received a dosage less than 1 00 mg/day (OR=3.05,95％CI:1.84-5.06) and had morphine positive urine (OR=2.25,95％CI:1.59-3.19) were more likely to drop out of the treatment.Interaction analysis showed that dosage less than 100 mg/d and morphine positive urine during treatment had additive interaction (RERI=256.46,AP=0.87,S=8.05) and multiplication interaction (OR=2.45,95％CI:1.71-3.49).Conclusion Insufficient dosage and morphine positive urine were significantly correlated with drop out of treatment in patients with access to methadone maintenance treatment.

Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics and risk factors of frailty syndrome in elderly patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) and the effect of frailty syndrome on all-cause mortality.Methods:This was a prospective cohort study. MHD patients aged≥60 years in 5 hemodialysis centers in Beijing from April to June 2017 were selected as the study subjects. Baseline data were collected and compared, and the patients were then classified into non-frailty, pre-frailty and frailty syndrome groups according to the Fried criteria and followed up until June 2018. The end point event was all-cause death. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the independent risk factors of frailty syndrome. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to compare the difference in the cumulative survival rate among the 3 groups. A multivariate Cox regression model was used to analyze the independent risk factors of all-cause mortality.Results:A total of 204 patients aged (71.65±5.89) years (60-81 years) were enrolled into this study, including 123 males (60.29%), 147 patients (72.06%) in the frailty syndrome group, 41 patients (20.10%) in the pre-frailty group, and 16 patients (7.84%) in the non-frailty group. Patients with frailty syndrome tended to be older, longer dialysis vintage, a higher proportion of diabetes, lower urea clearance index (Kt/V) and lower serum albumin level (all P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression showed that factors independently associated with frailty syndrome included age ( OR=1.393, 95% CI 1.241-1.563, P<0.001), history of diabetes ( OR=3.610, 95% CI 1.262-10.327, P=0.017), dialysis vintage ( OR=1.011, 95% CI 1.002-1.020, P=0.019), Kt/V ( OR=0.711, 95% CI 0.516-0.979, P=0.037), serum albumin ( OR=0.754, 95% CI 0.644-0.882, P<0.001) and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH, OR=1.344, 95% CI 1.024-1.763, P=0.033). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the cumulative survival rate in frailty syndrome group was significantly lower than those of pre-frailty (Log-rank χ2=7.265, P=0.007) and non-frailty groups (Log-rank χ2=5.238, P=0.022). Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that frailty syndrome ( HR=3.832, 95% CI 1.116-13.157, P=0.033), age ( HR=1.074, 95% CI 1.014-1.136, P=0.014), history of diabetes ( HR=2.009, 95% CI 1.067-3.784, P=0.031), cognitive impairment (Montreal cognitive assessment<26, HR=2.627, 95% CI 1.142-6.042, P=0.023), Kt/V ( HR=0.701, 95% CI 0.545-0.902, P=0.006), serum albumin ( HR=0.891, 95% CI 0.806-0.986, P=0.025) and iPTH ( HR=1.226, 95% CI 1.100-1.367, P<0.001) were independently associated with all-cause mortality. Conclusions:The prevalence of frailty syndrome in elderly patients undergoing hemodialysis is high. Ageing, diabetes history, long dialysis vintage, low levels of Kt/V and serum albumin, and elevated iPTH level are independent risk factors for frailty syndrome in such patients. Frailty syndrome is independently associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality.

Objective To investigate the inhibition of gigantol on corneal neovascularization(CNV)in rats after corneal alkali burn.Methods Animal models of corneal alkali burn were made with SD rats,which were divided into normal control group,model control group,low-concentration gigantol group,high-concentration gigantol group and aflibercept group,with 10 rats in each group.The rats in low-concentration gigantol group,high-concentration gigantol group and aflibercept group were treated with 2.5 mg/0.05 mL gigantol,5 mg/0.05 mL gigantol,and 2 mg/0.05 mL aflibercept by subconjunctival injection after modeling.The CNV,corneal opacity score,and thickness of the cornea were observed and compared on the 3rd,7th,and 14th days after alkali burn.The ratio of CNV area to corneal area was calculated.On the 14th day,all rats were sacrificed.Hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression of CD34 and VEGF.The protein expression of VEGF,IL-1β,and TNF-α was detected by ELISA.Results On the 7th and 14th days after alkali burn,the percentages of CNV to total corneal area in low-concentration gigantol group,high-concentration gigantol group and aflibercept group were significantly smaller than those in model control group(all P＜0.05).On the 14th day,the corneal opacity score was lower in high-concentration gigantol group than model control group(P＜0.05).The corneal thickness in model control group and low-concentration gigantol group were significantly greater than that in normal control group(all P＜0.001).However,the corneal thickness in high-concentration gigantol group and aflibercept group were not significantly different from that in normal control group(all P＞0.05).In addition,the protein expression of VEGF,IL-1β,and TNF-α in corneal tissues in low-concentration gigantol group,high-concentration gigantol group and aflibercept group were significantly lower than that in model control group(all P＜0.01).Conclusions Gigantol administration by subconjunctival injection can inhibit the formation of CNV in rats after alkali burn and promote absorption of the corneal edema.

Estrogen impacts neural development; meanwhile, it has a protective effect on the brain. Bisphenols, primarily bisphenol A (BPA), can exert estrogen-like or estrogen-interfering effects by binding with estrogen receptors. Extensive studies have suggested that neurobehavioral problems, such as anxiety and depression, can be caused by exposure to BPA during neural development. Increasing attention has been paid to the effects on learning and memory of BPA exposure at different developmental stages and in adulthood. Further research is required to elucidate whether BPA increases the risk of neurodegenerative diseases and the underlying mechanisms, as well as to assess whether BPA analogs, such as bisphenol S and bisphenol F, influence the nervous system.
Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism* ; Estrogens ; Benzhydryl Compounds/pharmacology* ; Nervous System/metabolism*

Objective To reveal the prevalence and the related factors of hepatitis B (HepB) virus infection among HIV/AIDS patients.Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study in two HIV clinics,affiliated to local Centers of Disease Control and Prevention in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Regional.A face-to-face interview,with questionnaire was conducted to collect information on socio-demographic characteristics,drug use,and sexual behavior.Blood samples were used to test HBsAg.x2 test or Fisher's exact test and unconditional logistic regression models were used to identify the influencing factors.Results The prevalence of HBV and HIV co-infection was 13.85％ (113/816).Results from multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that age (25-45),family history of HBV and history of HepB vaccination were independent influencing factors for HBV and HIV coinfection,with OR (95％ CI) as 1.738 (1.031-2.931),2.898 (1.678-5.005) and 1.744 (1.052-2.892),respectively.Conclusion The prevalence of HBV among HIV/AIDS patients was significantly higher than that in general population.HIV/AIDS patients aged between 25 and 45 and with family history of HBV were more likely to be infected with HBV,while HepB vaccination was associated with the reduction of HIV/HBV coinfection.Specific comprehensive prevention and treatment programs on HIV/AIDS patients need to be set up.

Objective:To evaluate the role of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in brain tissues in cognitive impairment after myocardial infarction in mice.Methods:Forty SPF healthy male C57/BL6J mice and 40 IL-6Rα flox/flox: CAMKⅡ Cre (IL-6Rα NKO) mice, aged 9 months, weighing 34-39 g, were divided into 2 groups ( n=20 each) using a random number table method: sham operation group (Sham group, IL-6Rα NKO-Sham group) and myocardial infarction group (MI group, IL-6Rα NKO-MI group). Myocardial infarction model was developed by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery in anesthetized animals. The same surgery was performed without ligation of blood vessels in Sham group. At 28 days after preparing the myocardial infarction model, cardiac function was assessed by cardiac doppler echocardiography, and cognitive function was assessed using the Barnes maze test. Then mice were sacrificed, and brain tissues were collected for determination of the expression of IL-6, c-Fos, ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba-1, a marker protein for microglia activation) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) (by immunofluorescence staining) in the hippocampal CA3 region. The ultrastructure of synapses in the hippocampi was examined with a transmission electron microscope to record the number of synapses and thickness of postsynaptic density (PSD). Results:Compared with sham operation groups, the ejection fraction and shortening rate of short axis were significantly decreased, and the left ventricular end-systolic diameter was increased in myocardial infarction groups ( P<0.05). Compared with Sham group, the latency to reach the target hole was significantly prolonged in the Barnes maze test, the expression of IL-6, c-Fos, GFAP and Iba1 was up-regulated in the hippocampal CA3 region, and the number of synapses and thickness of PSD were decreased in MI group ( P<0.05). Compared with IL-6Rα NKO-Sham group, the number of synapses in hippocampal neurons was significantly decreased ( P<0.05), and no significant change was found in the other parameters in IL-6Rα NKO-MI group ( P>0.05). Compared with MI group, the latency to reach the target hole was significantly shortened in the Barnes maze test, the expression of IL-6, c-Fos, GFAP and Iba1 was down-regulated in the hippocampal CA3 region, and the number of synapses and thickness of PSD were increased in IL-6Rα NKO-MI group ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The mechanism underlying cognitive impairment after myocardial infarction may be related to hippocampal synaptic damage caused by IL-6-mediated neuroinflammatory responses in mice.